Prolonged Boarding and Racial Discrimination and Dissatisfaction Among Emergency Department Patients.

Importance: Emergency department (ED) boarding times have increased rapidly, but their health equity outcomes are unknown.

Objective: To investigate whether prolonged ED boarding is associated with increased perceived racial discrimination and dissatisfaction and whether associations vary between patients from marginalized racial and ethnic groups vs non-Hispanic White patients.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This is a cross-sectional study of hospitalized adults who boarded in the ED during internal medicine admissions at a large, urban hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, from June 2023 to January 2024.

Age-specific Patterns of Intimate Partner Violence Related Injuries in US Emergency Departments.

Purpose: To identify intimate partner violence (IPV)-related injury patterns of U.S. patients of three age groups: <18 years (adolescents), 18-25 years (emerging adults), and >25 years (adults).

National Prevalence of Diabetes and Barriers to Care Among U.S. Farmworkers and Association With Migrant Worker Status.

Objective: To quantify the prevalence of diabetes and barriers to care among U.S. migrant farmworkers (i.

Assessing Knowledge and Acceptability of a Trauma-Informed Training Model to Strengthen Response to Conflict and Gender-Based Violence in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Background: Conflict-related sexual and gender-based violence is common in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, but there are few evaluations of multisectoral training interventions in conflict settings. We conducted high-quality, trauma-informed medicolegal trainings amongst multisectoral professionals, and sought to describe changes in knowledge after training and perceived training acceptability.

Methods: Participants were health, law enforcement, and legal professionals who completed training at one of four sites from January 2012 to December 2018.

Development and validation of a data quality index for forensic documentation of sexual and gender-based violence in Kenya.

Introduction: High-quality forensic documentation can improve justice outcomes for survivors of sexual and gender-based violence, but there are limited tools to assess documentation data quality. This study aimed to develop and validate a data quality assessment index to objectively assess clinician documentation across the 26 key elements of the standardized forensic evidence forms used in Kenya.

Methods: Informed by prior quality assessment tools, an initial draft of the index was developed.

How an outbreak became a pandemic: a chronological analysis of crucial junctures and international obligations in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Understanding the spread of SARS-CoV-2, how and when evidence emerged, and the timing of local, national, regional, and global responses is essential to establish how an outbreak became a pandemic and to prepare for future health threats. With that aim, the Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response has developed a chronology of events, actions, and recommendations, from December, 2019, when the first cases of COVID-19 were identified in China, to the end of March, 2020, by which time the outbreak had spread extensively worldwide and had been characterised as a pandemic. Datapoints are based on two literature reviews, WHO documents and correspondence, submissions to the Panel, and an expert verification process.

A Critical Look at Race-Based Practices in Rheumatology Guidelines.

Objective: To assess how race has been incorporated into rheumatology practice guidelines, including how race is defined and used in diagnostic and treatment recommendations.

Methods: We searched race and ethnicity terms in all clinical practice guidelines from the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) that were published between 2010 and 2020 and publicly available on professional society websites. Findings were summarized and assessed through standardized data abstraction forms.

Rallying Against Racism: Hospitals Join the Fight for Racial Justice.

This article highlights the timely situation that resident physicians, faculty, and staff are facing after the recent highly publicized murders of Black Americans and its impact on our healthcare communities. We discuss our experiences of how the hospital can serve as a meeting place for anti-racism, as well as how anti-racist events at the hospital can raise public consciousness and be catalysts for creating a more inclusive, diverse, and welcoming environment for all members of hospital communities.

The implementation and effectiveness of the one stop centre model for intimate partner and sexual violence in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of barriers and enablers.

Introduction: Many low- and middle-income countries have implemented health-system based one stop centres to respond to intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual violence. Despite its growing popularity in low- and middle-income countries and among donors, no studies have systematically reviewed the one stop centre. Using a thematic synthesis approach, this systematic review aims to identify enablers and barriers to implementation of the one stop centre (OSC) model and to achieving its intended results for women survivors of violence in low- and middle-income countries.

Barriers to safe abortion access: uterine rupture as complication of unsafe abortion in a Ugandan girl.

A 15-year-old girl at 18 weeks gestation by the last menstrual period presented to a rural Ugandan healthcare facility for termination of her pregnancy as a result of rape by her uncle. Skilled healthcare workers at the facility refused to provide the abortion due to fear of legal repercussions. The patient subsequently obtained an unsafe abortion by vaginal insertion of local herbs and sharp objects.

Virginity testing: a systematic review.

Background: So-called virginity testing, also referred to as hymen, two-finger, or per vaginal examination, is the inspection of the female genitalia to assess if the examinee has had or has been habituated to sexual intercourse. This paper is the first systematic review of available evidence on the medical utility of virginity testing by hymen examination and its potential impacts on the examinee.

Methods: Ten electronic databases and other sources for articles published in English were systematically searched from database inception until January 2017.