Fabrication of porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds as artificial bone preform and its biocompatibility evaluation.

In this study, a novel porous hydroxyapatite scaffold was designed and fabricated to imitate natural bone through a multipass extrusion process. The conceptual design manifested unidirectional microchannels at the exterior part of the scaffold to facilitate rapid biomineralization and a central canal that houses the bone marrow. External and internal fissures were minimized during microwave sintering at 1,100 °C.

Biphasic calcium phosphate loading on polycaprolactone/poly(lacto-co-glycolic acid) membranes for improved tensile strength, in vitro biocompatibility, and in vivo tissue regeneration.

Electrospun polycaprolactone and poly(lacto-co-glycolide) membranes were loaded with biphasic calcium phosphate powder to facilitate osteoconductivity. Different concentrations of biphasic calcium phosphate powder were added to the polymer solution, and successful loading was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis, transmission electron microscope, and scanning electron microscope with energy-dispersive spectroscopy visualization. The effect of the added biphasic calcium phosphate on the polymer membrane was investigated in terms of the material's tensile strength and strain, in vitro cytocompatibility, and in vivo tissue regeneration.

Electrospun PLGA/gelatin fibrous tubes for the application of biodegradable intestinal stent in rat model.

A biodegradable fibrous tube was fabricated by electrospinning method using a combination of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and gelatin dissolved in trifluoroethanol (TFE). Different ratios of the two polymers (PLGA/Gelatin: 1/9, 3/7, 5/5) were used for electrospinning to determine the optimum condition appropriate for intestinal stent application. Fiber morphology was visualized and analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Bioactive glass incorporation in calcium phosphate cement-based injectable bone substitute for improved in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo bone regeneration.

In this work, we fabricated injectable bone substitutes modified with the addition of bioactive glass powders synthesized via ultrasonic energy-assisted hydrothermal method to the calcium phosphate-based bone cement to improve its biocompatibility. The injectable bone substitutes was initially composed of a powder component (tetracalcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate and calcium sulfate dehydrate) and a liquid component (citric acid, chitosan and hydroxyl-propyl-methyl-cellulose) upon which various concentrations of bioactive glass were added: 0%, 10%, 20% and 30%. Setting time and compressive strength of the injectable bone substitutes were evaluated and observed to improve with the increase of bioactive glass content.

Fabrication and biocompatibility of novel bilayer scaffold for skin tissue engineering applications.

In this study, a novel bilayer scaffold composed of electrospun polycaprolactone and poly(lacto-co-glycolic acid) (PCL/PLGA) membrane and glutaraldehyde (3.5% v/v) cross-linked chitosan/gelatin hydrogel was fabricated using two methods: electrospinning of the membrane onto the lyophilized hydrogel (BS-1) and membrane underlaying and casting method (BS-2). The morphology of the fabricated scaffolds was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Preparation and characterization of electrospun PCL/PLGA membranes and chitosan/gelatin hydrogels for skin bioengineering applications.

In this study, two distinct systems of biomaterials were fabricated and their potential use as a bilayer scaffold (BS) for skin bioengineering applications was assessed. The initial biomaterial was a polycaprolactone/poly(lacto-co-glycolic acid) (PCL/PLGA) membrane fabricated using the electrospinning method. The PCL/PLGA membrane M-12 (12% PCL/10% PLGA, 80:20) displayed strong mechanical properties (stress/strain values of 3.

Preparation and characterization of novel poly(ε-caprolactone)/biphasic calcium phosphate hybrid composite microspheres.

Desirably porous biodegradable hybrid composite microspheres were fabricated for use in bone graft and bone substitute applications. In this study, novel poly(ε-caprolactone)/biphasic calcium phosphate (70/30) composite microspheres (PCL/BCP MPs) were prepared using the emulsion solvent-evaporation method. Throughout this process, the ammonium bicarbonate (NH₄HCO₃) content was changed to obtain the desired porous structure.