Intraocular infections in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Background: The purpose of this study was to report on the incidence and treatment outcomes of endogenous endophthalmitis among newborns in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a single medical center.

Methods: This was a noncomparative, retrospective case series of endogenous endophthalmitis among infants at the Jackson Memorial Hospital NICU treated between March 1, 2002 and March 1, 2007.

Results: Of 4323 infants admitted to the NICU, seven eyes of six (0.

Retinal detachment despite aggressive management of aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity.

Posterior retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is unusual in its atypical features and its aggressive, rapidly progressive course. It is more difficult to recognize and to treat, with many of these eyes progressing to retinal detachment despite multiple treatments with laser or cryotherapy. The authors present a case of aggressive posterior ROP refractory to multiple laser treatment.

Anterior segment ischemia following laser therapy for threshold retinopathy of prematurity.

Purpose: To report on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of premature infants developing signs of anterior segment ischemia after laser therapy for threshold retinopathy of prematurity treated or referred to a university institution.

Methods: A retrospective review of the medical records of premature infants with a primary diagnosis of retinopathy of prematurity undergoing laser therapy for threshold disease from January 1, 2001, to June 1, 2006.

Results: A total of 10 eyes in six patients were identified that developed signs of anterior segment ischemia for which a 1-year follow-up was available.

Off-label use of intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) for salvage treatment in progressive threshold retinopathy of prematurity.

Purpose: To report the short term anatomic response of intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin, Genentech) as salvage treatment in progressive retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a small series of patients.

Methods: The study included five eyes of three patients with progressive ROP despite peripheral laser ablation. Patients received intravitreal injections of bevacizumab (Avastin, Genentech).

Assessment of image-based technology: impact of referral cutoff on accuracy and reliability of remote retinopathy of prematurity diagnosis.

Telemedicine has potential to improve the delivery, quality, and accessibility of ophthalmic care for infants with Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP). Using a telemedicine screening strategy, three potential diagnostic cutoffs may be used to define disease that warrants ophthalmologic referral: presence of any ROP, presence of moderate ("type-2 prethreshold") ROP, or presence of severe ROP requiring treatment. This study examines the relationship between accuracy and reliability of diagnosis by three masked ophthalmologist graders at each of these diagnostic cutoffs.

Accuracy and reliability of remote retinopathy of prematurity diagnosis.

Objective: To determine the accuracy and reliability of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) diagnosis using remote review of digital images by 3 masked ophthalmologist readers.

Methods: An atlas was compiled of 410 retinal photographs from 163 eyes of 64 low-birth-weight infants taken using a wide-angle digital fundus camera. All the images were independently reviewed by 3 readers, and the diagnosis in each eye was classified into 1 of 4 ordinal categories: no ROP, mild ROP, type 2 prethreshold ROP, or ROP requiring treatment.

Telephotoscreening to detect retinopathy of prematurity: preliminary study of the optimum time to employ digital fundus camera imaging to detect ROP.

Purpose: Labor-intensive screening of infants in the neonatal intensive care units is the only way presently to detect retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Our purpose is to determine if RetCam 120 images (Massie Research Laboratories, Inc, Dublin, Calif), acquired by a neonatal nurse, can be used to screen for ROP by performing 2 screening sessions, at 32 to 34 weeks' (examination 1) and 38 to 40 weeks' (examination 2) postconceptional age.

Methods: RetCam examinations were performed by a nurse on infants at examination 1 and examination 2 intervals.