From women to women-hematuria during therapy for metastatic breast cancer, what to suspect and when to be alarmed; Bladder metastasis from breast cancer-our experience and a systematic literature review.

Breast cancer is one of the most important causes of premature mortality in women worldwide. Around 12% of breast cancer patients will develop metastatic disease, a stage associated with poor prognosis, and only 26% of patients are likely to survive for at least 5 years after being diagnosed. Although the most common sites where breast cancer tends to spread are bones, lungs, brain, and liver, it is important that physicians consider other less frequent organs and viscera, like the bladder, as a target destination.

How long should we follow patients managed for muscle-invasive bladder cancer? Lesson learned from a recent clinical practice.

To the Editor, The exact time to stop bladder cancer patient's follow-up is not well known and there is not a clear recommendation on if and when stop to follow a patient managed for muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Major urological guidelines do not provide a precise indication on the timing of follow-up, and there is currently no real consensus on optimal time schedule [..

Ischemic Priapism During Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Purpose: Literature on priapism as a concomitant manifestation of COVID-19 infection is scarce since less than 10 cases are reported. It is crucial to determine whether priapism in a COVID-19 patient is related to the infection itself or to the ongoing therapy, especially in those critically ill. Our study aims to create an alert for all physicians faced with the management of priapism in SARS-CoV-2 patients.

A wolf in sheep's clothing: Dogs confer an unrecognized risk for their immunocompromised master.

Bordetella bronchiseptica is a pleomorphic gram-negative coccobacillus that commonly causes respiratory tract infections in canines, felines, and swine. Human infections are rare. We report a case of Bordetella bronchiseptica pneumonia in a 67-year-old immunocompromised host.

Intravesical Therapy for Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: What Is the Real Impact of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Variant on Oncological Outcomes?

: To evaluate the oncological impact of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) variant in patients submitted to intravesical therapy for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). : Between January 2015 and January 2020, patients with conventional urothelial NMIBC (TCC) or urothelial NMIBC with SCC variant (TCC + SCC) and submitted to adjuvant intravesical therapies were collected. Kaplan-Meier analyses targeted disease recurrence and progression.

Genitourinary Tuberculosis: A Comprehensive Review of a Neglected Manifestation in Low-Endemic Countries.

Genitourinary tuberculosis (GUTB) represents a disease often underestimated by urological specialists, particularly in settings such as the European one, where the pathology is less frequent. Similar to other uncommon diseases at these latitudes, GUTB is a neglected clinical problem. In this light, the aim of this review is to give a comprehensive overview of GUTB in order to provide a useful tool for urologists who seldomly manage this disease.

Sexuality during COVID lockdown: a cross-sectional Italian study among hospital workers and their relatives.

In March 2020, the Italian Government introduced measures to reduce the spread of COVID-19 infection. Between 8th April and 2nd May 2020 we investigated levels and correlates of sexual activity and depression during COVID-19 lockdown in a sample of hospital workers and their acquaintances by an online survey on SurveyMonkey. Socio-demographic data, International Index of Erectile Function, Female Sexual Function Index, and Beck Depression Inventory were recorded.

Complications of endourological procedures and their treatment.

Endourological treatment for urinary stones and other obstructive urinary tract diseases is minimally invasive but in some cases it involves serious complications. This collection of cases describes some complications of endourological procedures and how they were treated. Case 1: A case of right ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrostomy found to be misplaced in the inferior vena cava.

Prepuce-sparing corporoplasty as a safe alternative for patients with acquired penile curvature.

Objectives: penile curvature is a rare condition, classified as congenital or acquired (Peyronie's disease) (PD). Surgical correction is the standard treatment. It's common practice to associate circumcision with penile de-gloving to prevent complications.

Urethral stricture and scrotal abscess: a rare case presentation of penile cancer and review of the literature.

Penile cancer is a very rare malignancy and it is usually identified as a nodule or an ulceration. We report a case of locally advanced penile cancer presented as a urethral stricture and recurrent scrotal abscess. The patient had been treating for obstructive voiding symptoms and septic condition for 5 months.

Dermal graft surgery for Peyronie's disease: Long term results at a 15 years follow-up.

Objectives: To evaluate long-term outcomes of patients subjected to corporoplasty, plaque incision and excision, and autologous dermal grafting, with at least 15 years of follow-up. METHODS: The charts of consecutive patients with a penile curvature and a minimum of 15 years follow up were retrospectively reviewed. The patients underwent corporoplasty and penile straightening with autologous dermal grafting, harvested at the level of the anterior-superior iliac spine.

Epidemiology of sexual disorders in general medical practice: An Italian survey.

Objective: To report the results of a survey supported by the Italian Andrological Association (ASS.A.I.

Late urinary bladder metastasis from breast cancer.

Introduction: Breast cancer (BrC) is the most common non-dermatologic cancer in women. It frequently metastasizes to lung, liver and bone, while the urinary bladder is considered as an unusual site for BrC metastases.

Materials And Methods: Four years after her first oncologic surgical approach, a known BrC patient complained of a left flank pain, dysuria and urgency.

Supporting the role of penile trauma and micro-trauma in the etiology of Peyronie's disease. Prospective observational study using the electronic microscope to examine two types of plaques.

Objectives: The etiopathogenesis of Peyronie's disease (PD) remains not clearly understood. The most accepted theory attributes the histological lesions of PD to the effects of trauma to the corpora cavernosum of the penis. The aim of our study is to verify whether similar histological features exist between these two tissues, providing new evidence in favor of the traumatic theory in the etiopathogenesis of Peyronie's disease.

Cycling Trauma as a Cause of Arterial Priapism in Children and Teenagers.

Bicycle riding has multiple beneficial cardiovascular effects; however, it is a well-documented source of significant urologic injuries. Priapism is a rare condition in children, and occurs primarily because of congenital hematologic diseases or adverse drug reactions. A pediatric clinical case and literature review of a high-flow priapism secondary to cycling trauma is described here to highlight their etiopathologic correlation.

Risk factors for resurgery in men with artificial urinary sphincter: Role of urethral strictures.

Objective: The aims of the present study were to evaluate the outcome of implantation of an artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) in male patients with iatrogenic urinary incontinence and to analyse possible risk factors for resurgery, with particular focus on the effects of posterior urethral strictures (US).

Methods: The outcomes of AUS implantation surgeries performed by 2 surgeons on consecutive patients between January 1999 and 2015 were evaluated retrospectively. Univariate analysis with Cox proportional hazard regression was used to assess correlations between resurgery (explantation or substitution of the urethral cuff) and risk factors.

Kaposi's sarcoma: An unusual penile lesion in a HIV negative patient.

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) of the penis is a very rare lesion and it is usually observed in HIV-infected patients. We introduce a case of KS of the penis in a 75 years old HIV negative patient with a peripheral T-cell lymphoma. He came to our attention with a painful ulcerated red lesion on the glans that stretched from the urethral meatus to the coronal skin.

Verruciform xanthoma of the penis: A rare benign lesion that simulates carcinoma.

Verruciform xanthoma is a rare and benign condition predominantly affecting the oral cavity, but also skin and female anogenital mucosa. It can be flat, papular-warty or crateriform-cystic. Furthermore it can simulate HPV viral lesion such as condyloma and malignant neoplasia such as verrucous squamous cell carcinoma.

Priapism and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: An underestimated correlation?

Priapism is a rare clinical condition characterized by a persistent erection unrelated to sexual excitement. Often the etiology is idiopathic. Three cases of priapism in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency patients have been described in literature.

Complex sleep apnea syndrome.

Complex sleep apnea is the term used to describe a form of sleep disordered breathing in which repeated central apneas (>5/hour) persist or emerge when obstructive events are extinguished with positive airway pressure (PAP) and for which there is not a clear cause for the central apneas such as narcotics or systolic heart failure. The driving forces in the pathophysiology are felt to be ventilator instability associated oscillation in PaCO2 arterial partial pressure of Carbon Dioxide, continuous cositive airway pressure (CPAP) related increased CO2 carbon dioxide elimination, and activation of airway and pulmonary stretch receptors triggering these central apneas. The prevalence ranges from 0.

Fabrication of porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds as artificial bone preform and its biocompatibility evaluation.

In this study, a novel porous hydroxyapatite scaffold was designed and fabricated to imitate natural bone through a multipass extrusion process. The conceptual design manifested unidirectional microchannels at the exterior part of the scaffold to facilitate rapid biomineralization and a central canal that houses the bone marrow. External and internal fissures were minimized during microwave sintering at 1,100 °C.

Biphasic calcium phosphate loading on polycaprolactone/poly(lacto-co-glycolic acid) membranes for improved tensile strength, in vitro biocompatibility, and in vivo tissue regeneration.

Electrospun polycaprolactone and poly(lacto-co-glycolide) membranes were loaded with biphasic calcium phosphate powder to facilitate osteoconductivity. Different concentrations of biphasic calcium phosphate powder were added to the polymer solution, and successful loading was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis, transmission electron microscope, and scanning electron microscope with energy-dispersive spectroscopy visualization. The effect of the added biphasic calcium phosphate on the polymer membrane was investigated in terms of the material's tensile strength and strain, in vitro cytocompatibility, and in vivo tissue regeneration.