Millimeter-wave to near-terahertz sensors based on reversible insulator-to-metal transition in VO.

In the quest for low power bio-inspired spiking sensors, functional oxides like vanadium dioxide are expected to enable future energy efficient sensing. Here, we report uncooled millimeter-wave spiking detectors based on the sensitivity of insulator-to-metal transition threshold voltage to the incident wave. The detection concept is demonstrated through actuation of biased VO switches encapsulated in a pair of coupled antennas by interrupting coplanar waveguides for broadband measurements, on silicon substrates.

Nanowire Tunnel FET with Simultaneously Reduced Subthermionic Subthreshold Swing and Off-Current due to Negative Capacitance and Voltage Pinning Effects.

Nanowire tunnel field-effect transistors (TFETs) have been proposed as the most advanced one-dimensional (1D) devices that break the thermionic 60 mV/decade of the subthreshold swing (SS) of metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) by using quantum mechanical band-to-band tunneling and excellent electrostatic control. Meanwhile, negative capacitance (NC) of ferroelectrics has been proposed as a promising performance booster of MOSFETs to bypass the aforementioned fundamental limit by exploiting the differential amplification of the gate voltage under certain conditions. We combine these two principles into a single structure, a negative capacitance heterostructure TFET, and experimentally demonstrate a double beneficial effect: (i) a super-steep SS value down to 10 mV/decade and an extended low slope region that is due to the NC effect and, (ii) a remarkable off-current reduction that is experimentally observed and explained for the first time by the effect of the ferroelectric dipoles, which set the surface potential in a slightly negative value and further blocks the source tunneling current in the off-state.

Van der Waals MoS/VO heterostructure junction with tunable rectifier behavior and efficient photoresponse.

Junctions between n-type semiconductors of different electron affinity show rectification if the junction is abrupt enough. With the advent of 2D materials, we are able to realize thin van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures based on a large diversity of materials. In parallel, strongly correlated functional oxides have emerged, having the ability to show reversible insulator-to-metal (IMT) phase transition by collapsing their electronic bandgap under a certain external stimulus.

A Steep-Slope Transistor Combining Phase-Change and Band-to-Band-Tunneling to Achieve a sub-Unity Body Factor.

Steep-slope transistors allow to scale down the supply voltage and the energy per computed bit of information as compared to conventional field-effect transistors (FETs), due to their sub-60 mV/decade subthreshold swing at room temperature. Currently pursued approaches to achieve such a subthermionic subthreshold swing consist in alternative carrier injection mechanisms, like quantum mechanical band-to-band tunneling (BTBT) in Tunnel FETs or abrupt phase-change in metal-insulator transition (MIT) devices. The strengths of the BTBT and MIT have been combined in a hybrid device architecture called phase-change tunnel FET (PC-TFET), in which the abrupt MIT in vanadium dioxide (VO) lowers the subthreshold swing of strained-silicon nanowire TFETs.

Frontal epidural empyema (Pott's puffy tumor) associated with Mycoplasma and depression.

Unlabelled: A 37-year-old male has left exophthalmia, which gradually evolved in the last two years, finally with a deviation of left eye (LE), down side and out, with gradually decrease of visual acuity (VA). These symptoms are accompanied with headache and psychiatric manifestations with irritability, decreased attention, anxiety, insomnia, depressed mood. Brain Computed Tomography (CT) shows a tumor mass in air leakage sinus, bilateral frontal and bilateral ethmoidal, with left orbital invasion.

Acquired epidermoid cysts of the cauda equina.

Intradural extramedullary epidermoid (EC) cysts are uncommon (0.2-1%). Acquired tumors appear more frequently as a late complication of lumbar punctures (40%).

[Cystic meningioma].

Cystic meningioma represent a rare entity, accounting 1.7 to 11.7% from the total intracranial meningiomas.

[Methods of prevention of ischemic cerebral damages in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies].

Aim: The aspect of the retinal vessels may suggest the presence of the antiphospholipid antibodies that can be detected afterwards in the patient's blood by lab tests. The presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aCL) seems to be the sign for brain ischemic lesions by clotting.

Materials And Methods: Three cases of aspects of retinal vessels associated with aCL (antiphospholipid antibodies) present in patients with: slowly progressive memory problems, "atypical multiple sclerosis", amaurosis fugax in contraceptive treatment.

[Romanian Society of Neuro-ophthalmology--RONOS].

To develop clinical neuro-ophthalmology for promoting the medical principles, policies and practices in view of better neuro-ophthalmological care of patients; acquiring scientific and clinical knowledge in kin fields to Neuro-ophthalmology. The fundamental values of RONOS are aspiration to performance and encouraging the pioneering, the innovating spirit and the interdisciplinary cooperation for making the medical performance more responsible. RONOS's place among the world neuro-sciences.

[Value of ophthalmologic examination in early diagnosis of slow-growing intracranial tumors].

We report a case of clinically mute median fore brain tumor with meningeal origin and optic chiasm compression. The patient required the ophthalmological examination for "changing glasses".

Cystic optic nerve sheath meningioma.

A 58-year-old woman with a 35-year history of left proptosis underwent neuroimaging that revealed a large cystic lesion. Surgery revealed an optic nerve sheath meningioma associated with cyst formation. The cyst was part of the tumor, a phenomenon that is well described in intracranial meningiomas but not in optic nerve sheath meningiomas.

Clinical controversy in orbitary cholesteatoma.

Cholesterol granulomas are tumor-like lesions very rarely encountered in the orbital, frontal sinus, and maxillary sinus sites but with higher frequency in the middle-ear and petrous apex. Theoretically, cholesterol granulomas develop as a reaction to localized hemorrhages, often occurring in bony sites with no blood and blood products drainage. We present 5 cases with exophthalmoses, namely, 3 cases with granuloma and 2 cases with cholesteatoma, all being characterized by the presence of cholesterol spikes at the histologic examination.

Vascular tumors in the orbit--capillary and cavernous hemangiomas.

Vascular tumors in the orbit result from new formation of vessels, proliferation of tissue components of the vessel wall, and hyperplasia of cellular elements ordinarily concerned with the genesis of vascular tissue. These vasculogenic lesions constitute the largest group of primary orbital tumors; we present the capillary hemangioma and the cavernous hemangioma.

[Neuro-ophthalmologic aspects in antiphospholipid syndrome].

Antiphospholipid syndrome is the one autoimmune noninflammatory syndrome affecting all blood vessels at any vascular segment, irrespective of the vascular size and topography. Defined in 1983 by Hughes, this syndrome represents the actual research theme in practically all medical fields, therefore the importance of antiphospholipid syndrome is recognized. The major aim of this article is to describe the neuro-ophthalmologic manifestations of the antiphospholipid syndrome, emphasizing the latest news about this syndrome and its impact on the retina and central nervous system.

[Controversy about the term inflammatory orbital pseudotumor].

The term of "inflammatory orbital pseudotumor" is met in the inflammatory pathology of the orbit and it has been modified through the time both in its frequency of usage and in its meaning. The authors make a review of the evolution of in the term usage and especially in its importance as a partial diagnosis and also as an attitude towards the paraclinical investigations. The goal of this work is to present the evolution of the problems implied by the term "orbital pseudotumor" that even today rises controversies.

[Pseudotumor cerebri or idiopathic cranial hypertension. Neuro-ophthalmologic considerations].

Pseudotumor cerebri is defined and the general pathology added where the idiopathic intracranial hypertension syndrom can be found. The paper reviews the consequences that the increase in cerebral spinal liquid (CSL) pressure has on the visual function. The symptomatology is polymorphous, hard to frame and much more difficult to cure, the diagnosis being one of exclusion.

[Intracranial and intraorbital meningioma ].

Unlabelled: AIM OF THE ARTICLE: To discuss the simultaneous presence of intraorbitar and intracranian meningiomas, the origin and the link between these tumors.

Material And Methods: We show 3 cases with intracranian and intraorbitar meningiomas.

Results: Therapeutically attitude and debates about anatomopathological results.

[Ocular myopathies - cause of exophthalmia].

It presents the "thickenings" of the extraocular muscles that can cause exophthalmos. It makes the difference between myositis limited to the orbit and the systemic myopathies and endocrine myopathies.

[Succesive metastasis in the right orbit with starting point a skin malignant melanoma located under the right clavicle].

It's presented a case of the successive metastases in the right orbit with starting point a malignant melanoma skin located under the right clavicle. It's discussed the raruty situation of the malignant melanomas skin metastases in the orbit.

[Changes to visual acuity and the visual field in a case of meningioma operated at the anterior level].

It's presented a midline meningioma of anterior level case which preoperative has an importance affectation of the visual acuity and visual field, and postoperative in dynamic is founded the important improvement of visual acuity and visual field. It's discussed visual field topography and atrophy optic pathophysiology. It's a neuro-ophthalmology case example, where the cooperation neurosurgery-ophthalmology permit medical solution and restored in social life of the patient.

[An extensive left subperiosteal frontotemporal orbital abscess and left suppurative pansinusitis with an odontogenic origin].

A 28-years-old patient with pansinusitis and orbital abscesses to odontogenic infection origin were present. Treatment, complication and evolution are discussed.

Lumbosacral tumors with a retroperitoneal development.

Neoplasms are relatively rare in the lumbosacral region. The present study presents two cases with tumors in the lumbosacral region, a chordoma and a tumor with multinucleated giant cells which further showed a presacral development. Some common aspects of the clinical and radiologic symptomatology were evidenced as well as the specific characteristics of each separate tumor in our cases.

Unilateral exophthalmos in a diabetes case with major ocular complications: diabetic retinopathy and neovascular glaucoma. Case report.

Unilateral exophthalmos associated with an inflammatory pseudotumoral process in a woman with insulin-dependent diabetes diagnosed 30 years earlier is reported. The discussion is focussed on the complications: diabetic retinopathy and neovascular glaucoma as well as on the therapy applied.

Intraorbital metastases.

Intraorbital metastases are rare. Tumors that metastasize more frequently in the orbit are: tumors of the breast, thyroid, prostate, spinocellular epithelioma, urinary bladder and Ewing sarcoma with an orbital location. The dominant feature of intraorbital metastases is exophthalmos.