Added bovine milk fat globule membrane in formula: Growth, body composition, and safety through age 2: An RCT.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of an experimental formula (EF) with added whey protein-lipid concentrate (5 g/L; source of bovine milk fat globule membrane [bMFGM]) on growth, body composition, and safety through 24 mo of age in term infants.

Methods: This was a double-blinded, randomized controlled trial conducted in Santiago, Chile. Infants were enrolled before 120 d and randomized to receive standard cow's milk-based formula (SF) or EF through the first year of life.

Effect of feeding mode on infant growth and cognitive function: study protocol of the Chilean infant Nutrition randomized controlled Trial (ChiNuT).

Background: A central aim for pediatric nutrition is to develop infant formula compositionally closer to human milk. Milk fat globule membranes (MFGM) have shown to have functional components that are found in human milk, suggesting that addition of bovine sources of MFGM (bMFGM) to infant formula may promote beneficial outcomes potentially helping to narrow the gap between infants who receive human breast milk or infant formula. The objective of the current study is to determine how the addition of bMFGM in infant formula and consumption in early infancy affects physical growth and brain development when compared to infants fed with a standard formula and a reference group of infants fed with mother's own milk.

Long-Term Air Pollution Exposure and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Netherlands: A Population-based Case-control Study.

Background: Recently, there has been increasing evidence that exposure to air pollution is linked to neurodegenerative diseases, but little is known about the association with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Objectives: We investigated the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and risk of developing ALS.

Methods: A population-based case-control study was conducted in Netherlands from 1 January 2006 to 1 January 2013.

Cognitive performance among cohorts of children exposed to a waste disposal site containing heavy metals in Chile.

Between 1984 and 1998, people living in Arica were involuntarily exposed to metal-containing waste stored in the urban area. The study aims to determine whether children who lived near the waste disposal site during early childhood experienced negative effects on their cognitive development. The cognitive performance was assessed using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children.

Proximity of residence to an old mineral storage site in Chile and blood lead levels in children.

Evidence suggests that an old mineral storage site removed in 1998 due to high lead content, remains as a source of exposure in the city of Antofagasta, Chile. The aim was to determine the association between blood lead levels in children and the residential proximity to the old mineral storage site. A cross sectional study was conducted with 185 children aged 7 to 16 years.