The assimilatory impact of professional Identity formation on racial and ethnic minority doctor of pharmacy students.

The ideology of professional identity formation (PIF) is trending in pharmacy education. Therefore, we must initiate conversations about how the PIF framework impacts minoritized students. PIF is applied at default through the white racial frame, which is why making PIF inclusive is difficult.

'Mental health is a mystery': patient perspectives on treatment engagement in the referral process to specialty geriatric mental health services.

Objectives: Raue and Sirey proposed a theoretical treatment engagement model for older adults outlining steps from identifying mental health problems, referral to specialty care, and involvement in treatment. Using this model as a guide, the current study aimed to explore patient perspectives of their experience in the process of referral and first meeting with geriatric mental health services. Furthermore, the current study aimed to identify opportunities to enhance patient engagement in these beginning steps of the treatment engagement process.

Ocular surface disorders: office procedures for the allergist/clinical immunologist.

Purpose Of Review: Ocular surface disorders (OSDs) are a prevalent and often debilitating condition encountered in clinical practice, particularly by allergists and clinical immunologists.

Recent Findings: A comprehensive guide to office procedures for evaluating and managing OSDs, with a specific focus on ocular allergies, would assist in the evaluation process that begins with an initial patient assessment utilizing standardized forms to systematically gather detailed medical history, symptomatology, and environmental exposure data. This structured approach ensures a thorough understanding of the patient's condition and facilitates targeted interventions.

Who am I? Professional Identity Formation in Pharmacy Education Among Learners Underrepresented in Pharmacy.

Professional identity formation (PIF) throughout the pharmacy curriculum is important for learners to transform from layperson to pharmacist. To be effective, PIF activities need intentional development and support. Professional identity is often seen as the core component of PIF; however, there must be an emphasis on integrating and aligning an individual's personal identity through this process.

Review of Recent Literature and Updates in Nonstatin Cholesterol Management.

The guidelines for cholesterol management have been updated over the years from treat-to-target using any drug class to emphasis on statins without treatment targets to a hybrid of the 2 approaches. The most recent guideline updates include newer nonstatin lipid-lowering therapies (LLTs), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction goals, and LDL-C thresholds considering secondary prevention and cardiovascular risk. Although statins have been the mainstay of LLT for years, newer pharmacological agents such as proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 inhibitor(s) (PCSK9i) monoclonal antibodies, small interfering RNA PCSK9i, and bempedoic acid to optimize LDL-C levels may be underutilized in clinical practice.

Exploring the effects of COVID-19-related traumatic events on the mental health of university students in Brazil: A cross-sectional investigation.

University students are vulnerable to mental health issues during their academic lives. During the COVID-19 pandemic, university students faced mental distress due to lockdowns and the transition to e-learning. However, it is not known whether these students were also affected specifically by COVID-19-related traumatic events.

Racial and ethnic harm in patient care is a patient safety issue.

Health equity and antiracism can contribute to enhanced patient safety in healthcare settings. The Oath of the Pharmacist states, "I will promote inclusion, embrace diversity, and advocate for justice to advance health equity." Part of this commitment means upholding these principles in patient care settings.

Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Atopic Dermatitis and Chronic Urticaria Are Underused in Clinical Practice.

Background: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are validated and standardized tools that complement physician evaluations and guide treatment decisions. They are crucial for monitoring atopic dermatitis (AD) and chronic urticaria (CU) in clinical practice, but there are unmet needs and knowledge gaps regarding their use in clinical practice.

Objecctive: We investigated the global real-world use of AD and CU PROMs in allergology and dermatology clinics as well as their associated local and regional networks.

Mitigating stereotypes and bias in professional identity formation for those with marginalized identities.

Pharmacists have many identities within the profession from medication experts, clinicians, educators, mentors, patient advocates, and more. It can be especially challenging for racially and ethnically minoritized persons (REMPs) to form a professional identity when they are surrounded by stereotypes and biases which are pervasive in the community, academia, and pharmacy practice settings. As pharmacist educators, preceptors, and mentors, it is important to create safer spaces that decrease stereotyping and biases for students so they may envision themselves thinking, acting, and feeling like a pharmacist.

Navigating power dynamics between pharmacy preceptors and learners.

Pharmacy preceptors are crucial in pharmacy experiential education. They help develop learners during didactic learning, experiential learning, and post-graduate training. Preceptors hold a position of authority over learners as they are responsible for providing feedback and ultimately completing evaluations that determine whether the student passes or does not pass the rotation.

Exploring the role of information and communication technologies in allergic rhinitis in specialist centers: Patient perspectives on usefulness, value, and impact on healthcare.

Introduction: Information and communication technologies (ICTs) improve patient-centered care and are routinely used in Allergic Rhinitis (AR), but patients' preferences and attitudes are unexplored. This study examines AR-related information preferences and ICT use by AR patients.

Methods: A survey-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Ecuador from July to September 2019 in seven centers of reference for allergic disease.

Alterations in Th17 Cells and Non-Classical Monocytes as a Signature of Subclinical Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis during ART-Treated HIV-1 Infection.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains an important comorbidity in people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Our previous studies performed in the Canadian HIV/Aging Cohort Study (CHACS) (>40 years-old; Framingham Risk Score (FRS) > 5%) revealed a 2-3-fold increase in non-calcified coronary artery atherosclerosis (CAA) plaque burden, measured by computed tomography angiography scan (CTAScan) as the total (TPV) and low attenuated plaque volume (LAPV), in ART-treated PLWH (HIV+) versus uninfected controls (HIV-). In an effort to identify novel correlates of subclinical CAA, markers of intestinal damage (sCD14, LBP, FABP2); cell trafficking/inflammation (CCL20, CX3CL1, MIF, CCL25); subsets of Th17-polarized and regulatory (Tregs) CD4 T-cells, classical/intermediate/non-classical monocytes, and myeloid/plasmacytoid dendritic cells were studied in relationship with HIV and TPV/LAPV status.

Recognizing and Mitigating Racial and Ethnic Interview-Associated Microaggressions Across the Academy.

Microaggressions in pharmacy education interviews can have a significant impact, often reinforcing a message that underrepresented minority (URM) candidates must assimilate for acceptance, rather than being invited to contribute their authentic identities to diversify and strengthen the institution. Interviewers may ask inappropriate questions or make offensive comments without intending to cause harm; however, the impact of the words on the interviewee are valid and cannot be ignored. This text focuses on the challenges faced by URM faculty in the context of academic pharmacy interviews, which potentially contribute to their underrepresentation in academic pharmacy.

Post-discharge all-cause mortality in COVID-19 recovered patients hospitalized in 2020: the impact of chronic kidney disease.

In Brazil, the COVID-19 burden was substantial, and risk factors associated with higher in-hospital mortality rates have been extensively studied. However, information on short-term all-cause mortality and the factors associated with death in patients who survived the hospitalization period of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection is limited. We analyzed the six-month post-hospitalization mortality rate and possible risk factors of COVID-19 patients in a single center in Brazil.

A Blood Immunological Signature of Subclinical Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in People Living with HIV-1 Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains an important co-morbidity in people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Our previous studies performed on the Canadian HIV/Aging Cohort Study (CHACS) (>40 years-old; Framingham Risk Score (FRS) >5%), revealed a 2-3-fold increase in non-calcified coronary artery atherosclerosis (CAA) plaque burden, measured by Computed tomography angiography scan (CTAScan) as total (TPV) and low attenuated plaque volume (LAPV) in ART-treated PLWH (HIV+) uninfected controls (HIV-). In an effort to identify novel correlates of subclinical CAA, markers of intestinal damage (sCD14, LBP, FABP2); cell trafficking/inflammation (CCL20, CX3CL1, MIF, CCL25); subsets of Th17-polarized and regulatory (Tregs) CD4 T-cells, classical/intermediate/non-classical monocytes, and myeloid/plasmacytoid dendritic cells, were studied in relationship with HIV and TPV/LAPV status.

Safety and immunogenicity of shorter interval schedules of the novel oral poliovirus vaccine type 2 in infants: a phase 3, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority study in the Dominican Republic.

Background: The novel oral poliovirus vaccine type 2 (nOPV2) is now authorised by a WHO emergency use listing and widely distributed to interrupt outbreaks of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2. As protection of vulnerable populations, particularly young infants, could be facilitated by shorter intervals between the two recommended doses, we aimed to assess safety and non-inferiority of immunogenicity of nOPV2 in 1-week, 2-week, and 4-week schedules.

Methods: In this phase 3, open-label, randomised trial, healthy, full-term, infants aged 6-8 weeks from a hospital or a clinic in the Dominican Republic were randomly allocated (1:1:1 ratio) using a pre-prepared, computer-generated randomisation schedule to three groups to receive two doses of nOPV2 immunisations with a 1-week interval (group A), 2-week interval (group B), or 4-week interval (group C).

Single-lead arrhythmia detection through machine learning: cross-sectional evaluation of a novel algorithm using real-world data.

Background: Computer-assisted interpretation of single-lead ECG is the preliminary method for clinicians to flag and further evaluate an arrhythmia of clinical importance for acutely ill patients. Critical scrutiny of novel detection algorithms is lacking, particularly in external real-world data sets. This study's objective was to evaluate a hybrid machine learning model's ability to classify eight arrhythmias from a single-lead ECG signal from acutely ill patients.

Prioritizing ethical patient care responsibilities: A call to restructure student training practices in federally qualified health centers.

Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) are federally funded clinics that often serve medically underserved groups. Many Colleges of Pharmacy have faculty and non-faculty pharmacist preceptors who provide clinical services such as drug therapy management to FQHCs. It is critical that Colleges of Pharmacy and pharmacist preceptors reinforce and uphold the standard of providing high quality and evidenced based care when students rotate at these sites.

Training Student Pharmacists How to Mitigate Racial or Ethnic Microaggressions in Patient Encounters.

The experience of interfacing with the health care system is a taxing one for racially or ethnically marginalized patients (REMPs). The seemingly inevitable occurrence of encountering microaggressions is reason enough to avoid the interaction for many resulting in worse health outcomes. Microaggressions result in conflict, loss to follow-up, and reinforcing the unwelcome atmosphere of the health care system to REMPs.

A brazilian nationwide multicenter study on deficiency of deaminase-2 (DADA2).

Introduction: The deficiency of ADA2 (DADA2) is a rare autoinflammatory disease provoked by mutations in the ADA2 gene inherited in a recessive fashion. Up to this moment there is no consensus for the treatment of DADA2 and anti-TNF is the therapy of choice for chronic management whereas bone marrow transplantation is considered for refractory or severe phenotypes. Data from Brazil is scarce and this multicentric study reports 18 patients with DADA2 from Brazil.

Color diversity judgments in peripheral vision: Evidence against "cost-free" representations.

Is visual perception "rich" or "sparse?" One finding supporting the "rich" hypothesis shows that a specific visual summary representation, color diversity, is represented "cost-free" outside focally-attended regions in dual-task paradigms [1]. Here, we investigated whether this "cost-free" phenomenon for color diversity perception extends to peripheral vision. After replicating previous findings and verifying that color diversity is represented "cost-free" in central vision, we performed two experiments: in our first experiment, we extended the paradigm to peripheral vision and found that in minimally-attended regions of space, color diversity perception was impaired.