Comparison of Intraoperative Parameters between Two Handpieces in One-Handed Phacoemulsification with Active Fluidics.

: To compare anterior chamber stability and surgical efficiency in one-handed phacoemulsification, comparing Ozil and Active Sentry (AS) handpieces. : Observational and comparative study. Selected patients were divided into two groups, AS and Ozil handpieces, and underwent one-handed phacoemulsification.

A Novel Technique Using Lyophilized Amniotic Membrane Patch (LAMPatch) as Primary Procedure in Patients with Myopic Traction Maculopathy with Macular Detachment.

Introduction: Maculopathy secondary to pathologic myopia (PM) is increasingly causing visual impairment and blindness worldwide. PM is associated with tractional maculopathy that ranges from macular foveoschisis to macular hole. These disorders are treated with different options that offer variable results, reflecting the need for new techniques that address myopic maculopathy with consistent outcomes.

Modified "C" Haptic Intraocular Lens Orientation and Negative Dysphotopsia.

Phacoemulsification is the standard of care in cataract surgery in the developed world, with patients having high expectations regarding visual results. Postoperative dissatisfaction due to negative dysphotopsia (ND) ranges from rare to very frequent; its etiology is unclear, and it affects postoperative satisfaction. Since one of the most frequently used strategies to avoid ND is related to intraocular lens (IOL) haptic orientation, we conducted a prospective interventional study that enrolled 197 patients who underwent standard phacoemulsification.

Accuracy of Astigmatism Calculation with the Barrett, Panacea, and enVista Toric Calculators.

Purpose: To evaluate residual refractive astigmatism using the Panacea and enVista toric calculators, compared to the gold-standard Barrett toric calculator.

Design: A retrospective and comparative study was conducted in one center.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of all patients with a diagnosis of senile cataracts and regular corneal astigmatism, without previous corneal or intraocular surgery, who underwent phacoemulsification with implantation of a toric intraocular lens, who had pre- and postoperative corneal topography, biometry, and refraction measurements.

Applications of Infrared Thermography in Ophthalmology.

Body temperature is one of the key vital signs for determining a disease's severity, as it reflects the thermal energy generated by an individual's metabolism. Since the first study on the relationship between body temperature and diseases by Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich at the end of the 19th century, various forms of thermometers have been developed to measure body temperature. Traditionally, methods for measuring temperature can be invasive, semi-invasive, and non-invasive.

Glia as a key factor in cell volume regulation processes of the central nervous system.

Brain edema is a pathological condition with potentially fatal consequences, related to cerebral injuries such as ischemia, chronic renal failure, uremia, and diabetes, among others. Under these pathological states, the cell volume control processes are fully compromised, because brain cells are unable to regulate the movement of water, mainly regulated by osmotic gradients. The processes involved in cell volume regulation are homeostatic mechanisms that depend on the mobilization of osmolytes (ions, organic molecules, and polyols) in the necessary direction to counteract changes in osmolyte concentration in response to water movement.

Abnormal N-Glycosylation of Human Lens Epithelial Cells in Type-2 Diabetes May Contribute to Cataract Progression.

Purpose: In order to better understand cataract development, we analyzed the glycosylation profile of human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) from anterior lens capsules of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and non-diabetic (ND) patients undergoing routine cataract surgery.

Setting: Research Department of the Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera, Hospital "Dr. Luis Sánchez Bulnes", Mexico.

SARS-CoV-2 and the Eye: A Relationship for a Possible Prognostic Tool in COVID-19 Patients.

Purpose: In December 2019 there was the first report about a new viral infection in Wuhan, China. The new virus was taxonomically designed as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 uses the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor for cell invasion, which is expressed in different tissues including lungs, small intestine, testicles, kidneys, brain, and the eye.

Photoactivated Chromophore for Keratitis-Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking (PACK-CXL) Improves Outcomes of Treatment-Resistant Infectious Keratitis.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of photoactivated chromophore corneal collagen cross-linking (PACK)-CXL in the management of treatment-resistant infectious keratitis.

Design: Observational cohort study.

Participants: Forty-two eyes from 41 patients with treatment-resistant infectious keratitis.

Taurine and GABA neurotransmitter receptors, a relationship with therapeutic potential?

Taurine is a β-amino acid present in high concentrations in different areas of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). It participates in different physiological processes such as osmoregulation, signal transduction, antioxidant activity, trophic factor activity, modulation of calcium movements and neurotransmission. It is known that taurine is an agonist of GABA receptors, and their affinity depends of the subunits that conform this receptor.

(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate, reduces corneal damage secondary from experimental grade II alkali burns in mice.

Background: Since recent reports have shown that (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) could be used for treating proliferative and inflammatory disorders, we explored its use for the management of corneal chemical burns.

Materials And Methods: Initially, EGCG was assayed on the rabbit corneal epithelial cell line RCE1(5T5) to establish the best testing conditions, and to avoid unwanted outcomes in the experimental animals. Then, we studied its effects on cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and cell differentiation.

Differential modulation of human GABA-ρ1 receptor by sulfur-containing compounds structurally related to taurine.

Background: The amino acid taurine (2-Aminoethanesulfonic acid) modulates inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors. This study aimed to determine if the dual action of taurine on GABA-ρ1R relates to its structure. To address this, we tested the ability of the structurally related compounds homotaurine, hypotaurine, and isethionic acid to modulate GABA-ρ1R.

Age-Related Macular Degeneration: New Paradigms for Treatment and Management of AMD.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a well-characterized and extensively studied disease. It is currently considered the leading cause of visual disability among patients over 60 years. The hallmark of early AMD is the formation of drusen, pigmentary changes at the macula, and mild to moderate vision loss.

Molecular Age-Related Changes in the Anterior Segment of the Eye.

Purpose: To examine the current knowledge about the age-related processes in the anterior segment of the eye at a biological, clinical, and molecular level.

Methods: We reviewed the available published literature that addresses the aging process of the anterior segment of the eye and its associated molecular and physiological events. We performed a search on PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase using the MeSH terms "eye," "anterior segment," and "age.

Markers of Alzheimer's Disease in Primary Visual Cortex in Normal Aging in Mice.

Aging is the principal risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The hallmarks of AD are accumulation of the amyloid- peptide 1-42 (A42) and abnormal hyperphosphorylation of Tau (p-Tau) protein in different areas of the brain and, more recently reported, in the visual cortex. Recently, A42 peptide overproduction has been involved in visual loss.

Indications and outcomes of pediatric keratoplasty in a tertiary eye care center: A retrospective review.

To evaluate indications and outcomes of pediatric keratoplasty in a tertiary eye center, and identify factors that affect visual outcomes.We performed a retrospective review of penetrating keratoplasty in children aged 0 to 18 years between 1995 and 2011 in the Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México IAP, Hospital "Dr. Luis Sánchez Bulnes".

Current Anti-Integrin Therapy for Ocular Disease.

The integrin family of cell adhesion molecules mediates homeostasis, signal transduction, and various other interactions between the cell and the extracellular matrix. Integrins are type-1 transmembrane glycoproteins located on the cell surface, widely expressed in leukocytes, which play an important role in the inflammatory pathway. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current state of anti-integrin therapy and to assess ongoing clinical trials in ocular disease.

Effect of phacoemulsification on intraocular pressure in patients with primary open angle glaucoma and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma.

Aim: To compare the effect of phacoemulsification on intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG).

Methods: A retrospective comparative case series conducted at the Glaucoma Department at the Association to Prevent Blindness in Mexico. The study enrolled consecutive patients having phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and a diagnosis of POAG or PXG.

Comparison of cumulative dissipated energy delivered by active-fluidic pressure control phacoemulsification system versus gravity-fluidics.

Purpose: To compare the cumulative dissipated energy (CDE), aspiration time and estimated aspiration fluid utilized during phacoemulsification cataract surgery using two phacoemulsification systems .

Methods: A total of 164 consecutive eyes of 164 patients undergoing cataract surgery, 82 in the active-fluidics group and 82 in the gravity-fluidics group were enrolled in this study. Cataracts graded NII to NIII using LOCS II were included.

TRPV4 Regulates Tight Junctions and Affects Differentiation in a Cell Culture Model of the Corneal Epithelium.

TRPV4 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 4) is a cation channel activated by hypotonicity, moderate heat, or shear stress. We describe the expression of TRPV4 during the differentiation of a corneal epithelial cell model, RCE1(5T5) cells. TRPV4 is a late differentiation feature that is concentrated in the apical membrane of the outmost cell layer of the stratified epithelia.