A novel enrichment program using cascading mentorship to increase diversity in the health care professions.

The authors describe an innovative summer enrichment program based on a cascading mentorship model to transfer knowledge and skills from faculty to medical students to undergraduate students and finally to high school students. The program was designed to give high school students a glimpse of life in medical school and enhance the teaching and leadership skills of underrepresented undergraduate and medical students. Started in 2010 with 30 high school students and 9 college and medical student coaches, the University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine Summer Premed Program expanded rapidly over the next two summers and enrolled a total of 253 high school students, 48 college students, and 12 medical students.

Prevalence and significance of fluoroquinolone resistant Escherichia coli in patients undergoing transrectal ultrasound guided prostate needle biopsy.

Purpose: We estimated the prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistant Escherichia coli in patients undergoing repeat transrectal ultrasound guided prostate needle biopsy and identified high risk groups.

Materials And Methods: From January 2009 to March 2010 rectal swabs of 136 men from 3 institutions undergoing transrectal ultrasound guided prostate needle biopsy were obtained. There were 33 men with no previous biopsy who served as the controls.

PCA3 molecular urine assay for prostate cancer: association with pathologic features and impact of collection protocols.

Introduction: PCA3 is a non-coding mRNA molecule that is overexpressed in prostate cancer. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the utility of the PCA3 molecular urine test scores to predict adverse pathologic features and catheterized specimen collection.

Methods: Hundred men with clinically localized prostate cancer scheduled to undergo robotic prostatectomy were enrolled in the study following a standard consent process.

Prospective randomized trial of three different methods of nephrostomy tract closure after percutaneous nephrolithotripsy.

Objective: • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of 'tubeless' nephrostomy tract closure in reducing postoperative morbidity after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Materials And Methods: • In all, 31 patients undergoing PCNL were randomized into three groups, each with a different method of nephrostomy tract closure: using either a gelatin matrix haemostatic sealant (FloSeal), fascial stitch or Cope loop nephrostomy tube. • We compared operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), postoperative stay, analgaesics use, changes in creatinine and haemoglobin levels, and stone clearance rate, as well as postoperative short-form (SF)-36 quality-of-life and pain analogue scores at five different time points after surgery.

Impact of a laparoscopic renal surgery mini-fellowship program on postgraduate urologist practice patterns at 3-year followup.

Purpose: To assist practicing urologists incorporate laparoscopic renal surgery into their practice we established a 5-day mini-fellowship program with a mentor, preceptor and a potential proctor at our institution. We report the impact of our mini-fellowship program at 3-year followup.

Materials And Methods: A total of 106 urologists underwent laparoscopic ablative (44) or laparoscopic reconstructive (62) renal surgery training.

Continence definition after radical prostatectomy using urinary quality of life: evaluation of patient reported validated questionnaires.

Purpose: After radical prostatectomy continence is commonly defined as no pads except a security pad or 0 to 1 pad. We evaluated the association of pad status and urinary quality of life to determine whether security and 1 pad status differ from pad-free status to better define 0 pads as the post-prostatectomy standard.

Materials And Methods: A total of 500 consecutive men underwent robot assisted radical prostatectomy from October 2003 to July 2007.

Hypothermic robotic radical prostatectomy: impact on continence.

Introduction: Radical prostatectomy undoubtedly causes inflammatory damage to surrounding neuromuscular tissues (i.e., bladder, urethra, and nerves) that may contribute to urinary incontinence.

Periprostatic adipose tissue as a modulator of prostate cancer aggressiveness.

Purpose: Adipose tissue has been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of various disease states, including prostate cancer. We investigated the association of cytokines and growth factors secreted by periprostatic adipose tissue with pathological features of aggressive prostate cancer.

Materials And Methods: Periprostatic adipose tissue was harvested from patients undergoing radical prostatectomy and cultured for 24 hours to generate conditioned medium or snap frozen immediately for functional signaling profiling.

Preliminary study of virtual reality and model simulation for learning laparoscopic suturing skills.

Purpose: Repetitive practice of laparoscopic suturing and knot tying can facilitate surgeon proficiency in performing this reconstructive technique. We compared a silicone model and pelvic trainer to a virtual reality simulator in the learning of laparoscopic suturing and knot tying by laparoscopically naïve medical students, and evaluated the subsequent performance of porcine laparoscopic cystorrhaphy.

Materials And Methods: A total of 20 medical students underwent a 1-hour didactic session with video demonstration of laparoscopic suturing and knot tying by an expert laparoscopic surgeon.

Preliminary evaluation of a genitourinary skills training curriculum for medical students.

Purpose: Basic urology training in medical school is considered important for many medical and surgical disciplines. We developed a 2-day intensive genitourinary skills training curriculum for medical students beginning their clinical clerkship training years and evaluated the initial experience with this program.

Materials And Methods: All 94 third-year medical students at the University of California, Irvine were required to participate in a 5.

Long-term impact of a robot assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy mini fellowship training program on postgraduate urological practice patterns.

Purpose: Robot assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy has stimulated a great deal of interest among urologists. We evaluated whether a mini fellowship for robot assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy would enable postgraduate urologists to incorporate this new procedure into clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: From July 2003 to July 2006, 47 urologists participated in the robot assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy mini fellowship program.

Body image in men with HIV.

Objective: To determine body image among HIV-infected men and to determine the relationship of lipodystrophy on body image.

Methodology: Self-report questionnaires on body image were distributed to HIV-infected men at the university-based HIV clinic. Two previously validated instruments, the Body Image Quality of Life (BIQLI) scale and the Situational Inventory of Body Image Dysphoria Short Form (SIBID-S) were used to measure body image effects.

Body image in women with HIV: a cross-sectional evaluation.

Background: HIV lipodystrophy syndrome is a recognized complication of potent antiretroviral therapy and is characterized by often dramatic changes in various body fat stores, both central and peripheral. Given prior findings of heightened body image dysphoria among HIV-infected men with lipodystrophy as compared to HIV-infected men without lipodystrophy, we sought to determine body image among HIV-infected and HIV-negative women and to determine the relationship of HIV and lipodystrophy with body image. Our a priori hypothesis was that women with HIV and lipodystrophy would have significantly poorer body image as compared to women without HIV and to women with HIV without lipodystrophy.