Publications by authors named "Rosanna F Demarco"

Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates how initial attitudes towards nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) affect adherence in smoking cessation programs.
  • It uses mixed methods, involving quantitative analysis from 74 participants and qualitative insights from 38 individuals, to explore the link between attitudes and actual use of NRT.
  • Results highlight that negative attitudes and depressive symptoms can reduce adherence, and suggests that counselors should actively address these attitudes during their sessions for better outcomes.
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Low dose computed tomography (LDCT) is an effective screening test to decrease lung cancer deaths. Lung cancer screening may be a teachable moment helping people who smoke to quit, which may result in increased benefit of screening. Innovative strategies are needed to engage high-risk individuals in learning about LDCT screening.

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This study examined the intersectionality of HIV-related stigma, tobacco smoking stigma, and mental health among women living with HIV who were daily smokers. This secondary analysis used baseline data from 2 pilot smoking cessation studies. Participants received either an HIV-tailored or an attention-control intervention focused on smoking cessation as an outcome.

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Purpose: Treatment of cervical precancer is the primary aim in secondary prevention of cervical cancer. The purpose of this study was to examine factors associated with treatment uptake among women with acetic acid/Lugol's iodine positive lesions identified by digital cervicography (DC) in a cervical cancer prevention program in Cameroon.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of medical records from 2013 to 2018 of 755 women in Cameroon who screened positive with acetic acid/Lugol's iodine in 2013.

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Background: This study examined whether baseline negative emotional states (depression and anxiety) would predict craving for cigarettes and other nicotine withdrawal symptoms in early abstinence and whether those emotional states and withdrawal symptoms would predict failure in quitting smoking at 3 months postquit among U.S. women living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

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Background: People living with HIV in the USA smoke at a rate nearly three times that of the general population, and Black women are disproportionately affected by HIV infection.

Purpose: This study was conducted to test the preliminary efficacy of a digital storytelling intervention for smoking cessation in U.S.

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Purpose: This pilot study explores the barriers to adherence to follow-up among women with cervical precancer in urban Cameroon. While follow-up of women with a positive screening of cervical precancer is the most important aspect of cervical cancer secondary prevention, women with cervical precancer do not adhere frequently to recommended follow-up schedule in Cameroon. The aim of the study was to explore and describe the barriers and facilitators to follow-up for cervical precancer among women infected and uninfected with HIV in Cameroon.

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The concept of successful aging was recognized only recently by HIV researchers because people living with HIV (PLWH) in the early epidemic were not expected to survive. With the introduction of antiretrovirals that block viral replication, PLWH are now aging with HIV. Given the complex nature of HIV within the social, economic, and political climates in which it occurs, a holistic model of successful aging is needed to guide researchers and clinicians.

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Background: People living with HIV smoke at a rate three times that of the general population. This randomized controlled pilot trial tested the feasibility and acceptability of a video-call smoking cessation intervention in women living with HIV and its preliminary efficacy compared with a voice-call smoking cessation intervention. The study focused on women due to a paucity of studies among this population, and women are less likely than men to quit smoking when provided with conventional treatment.

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Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present a Neuman Systems Model-guided discussion of current knowledge associated with covert incivility in the nursing academic workplace.

Organizing Structure: The Neuman Systems Model provides a multiple discipline, systems perspective of the stressor covert incivility and levels of prevention interventions to counter it.

Findings: Covert incivility is defined as a stressor that affects individual, group, community, and social systems' intrapersonal, interpersonal, and extrapersonal levels of function.

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Ageism, in the form of prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination targeting older adults, represents a barrier to addressing the graying of the HIV epidemic. There is widespread misperception on the part of older adults themselves, as well as service providers and society in general that HIV risk is low as one ages. In addition, internalized ageism may play a role in poorer physical and mental health outcomes, as the negative stereotypes associated with aging become a self-fulfilling prophecy.

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The connection between palliative care and HIV infection has deep and wide roots in the United States that go back to the time when many gay men in the early 1980s were dying from a disease we knew little about, and there was no way to help but to alleviate symptoms in hospice and end of life centers across the United States. More individuals (adults and children), families, and communities attribute the success of antiretroviral therapies and other therapeutic approaches to advancing quality of life and life itself today. The identity of HIV, like many 'life-threatening illness with no cure' has evolved as a 'chronic' condition with a longer time period to address physical, social, and emotional experiences that may concern those living with HIV infection.

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Purpose: A four-week interdisciplinary student/faculty research project in Vietnam served as a focused experience in understanding Vietnamese healthcare structures, functions, outcomes.

Design: Testing the validity and feasibility of a successful US HIV intervention program called Women's Voices Women's Lives© using group and individual interviews.

Findings: Healthcare inequities and poverty were found to paralyze individual, family, and community mobilization in HIV testing while stigma is a key barrier to both testing and care seeking.

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Objective: Social and economic barriers can hinder access to quality palliative and end-of-life care for patients living in inner-city communities. Using a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach, we investigated the stresses associated with living with a chronic disease and barriers to access and utilization of palliative care resources experienced by low-income patients and caregivers in five inner-city communities.

Methods: Four focus groups (N = 33) were conducted with community stakeholders, including healthcare professionals (social workers and nurses), persons living with chronic illnesses (e.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility and assess outcomes of health care adherence based on whether participants engage in particular risky behaviors relevant to general health or living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the frequency of these adherent behaviors. Health adherent behaviors include both self-advocacy and decreased stigma as underlying key components.

Design: A randomized control trial comparing peer-led attention control support and intervention groups.

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Despite a resilient spirit, the challenges that face low-income, aging Black women living with HIV infection are immense. This article describes a 10-year iterative history of using the Theory of Silencing the Self (TSTS) as an explanatory model that was found to be gender sensitive, culturally relevant, and helpful in guiding a community-based participatory research group of low-income, HIV-infected Black women living in Boston, Massachusetts. The group, called Sistah Powah, used the TSTS to design and implement a structured writing intervention in a women's drop-in center targeting low-income, aging Black women living with HIV infection as a way to give them and others a voice.

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While bullying in the healthcare workplace has been recognized internationally, there is still a culture of silence in many institutions in the United States, perpetuating underreporting and insufficient and unproven interventions. The deliberate, repetitive, and aggressive behaviors of bullying can cause psychological and/or physical harm among professionals, disrupt nursing care, and threaten patient safety and quality outcomes. Much of the literature focuses on categories of bullying behaviors and nurse responses.

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In 2006, the Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) released recommendations calling for routine HIV testing to be offered to those ages 13 to 64 as a standard of general health care. This recommendation included a plan to conduct HIV testing as part of a general consent. The reasoning and evidence for this recommendation is supported by experts, patients, and sponsored screenings by the CDC.

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Studies on workplace bullying either in the U.S. or internationally rarely include nurses.

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It is challenging to develop and assess skills in a classroom setting, for graduate students particularly, in the area of quality improvement project plans that are real, relevant, and sensitive in a unique health care context. Although understanding significant issues related to palliative care needs of U.S.

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The primary purpose of this study was to validate the perceptions of frequency and patterns of bullying behavior experienced by registered nurses (RNs) across the United States. This study was completed to develop relevant and sensitive tailored interventions for the future. A 30-item anonymous electronic survey was used to identify the frequency, type, perpetrators, and personal and professional consequences of bullying.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of gender-sensitive and culturally relevant HIV prevention film messages combined with self-efficacy and skill building exercises on self-reported safe sex behaviors, intentions, attitudes, and self-advocacy over time. A sample of 131 women of mixed ethnicity from inner-city Boston who were living in transitional housing participated in a 4-week pre/postmeasurement design. Results showed that, despite the short duration of the intervention, participants self-reported significantly more use of safe sex behaviors and being prepared for sexual intimacy after the intervention.

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Recently, the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) resolved that a new practice degree, the doctorate in nursing practice (DNP), is to become the terminal practice degree and minimum education standard for advanced practice nurses by the year 2015(American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2004). AACN position statement on the practice doctorate in nursing.

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Well-educated nurses with research expertise are needed to advance evidence-based nursing practice. A primary goal of undergraduate nursing curricula is to create meaningful participatory experiences to help students develop a research skill set that articulates with rapid career advancement of gifted, young graduates interested in nursing research and faculty careers. Three research enrichment models-undergraduate honors programs, research assistant work-for-hire programs, and research work/mentorship programs-to be in conjunction with standard research content are reviewed.

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