Antimicrobial activity of doripenem against Gram-negative pathogens: results from INVITA-A-DORI Brazilian study.

In vitro activity of doripenem and comparator antimicrobial agents was evaluated against Gram-negative bacilli recently isolated from Brazilian private hospitals that were enrolled in the INVITA-A-DORI Brazilian Study. A total of 805 unique Gram-negative bacilli were collected from patients hospitalized at 18 medical centers between May/08 and March/09. Each hospital was asked to submit 50 single Gram-negative bacilli isolated from blood, lower respiratory tract or intraabdominal secretions.

Antimicrobial activity of ceftobiprole against gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens: results from INVITA-A-CEFTO Brazilian study.

Ceftobiprole is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin with potent activity against staphylococci, including those resistant to oxacillin, as well as against most gram-negative bacilli including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this study, the in vitro activity of ceftobiprole and comparator agents was tested against bacterial isolates recently collected from Brazilian private hospitals. A total of 336 unique bacterial isolates were collected from hospitalized patients between February 2008 and August 2009.

Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa outbreak in an intensive care unit of a teaching hospital.

The genetic similarity of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated in the Hospital Universitário São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brasil, was evaluated by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). A unique clone was detected among 5 of 7 isolates, suggesting that cross-contamination might have played a role in the spread of carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa strains.

A pseudo-outbreak of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium.

Five VRE isolates were reported from sterile samples. No infections were diagnosed among the patients, who were on different wards. PFGE showed that all five isolates were clonal.

Antibody response to Haemophilus influenzae type b tetanus conjugate vaccine with two doses given at 3 and 5 months of age.

Background: In developed countries, the use of Hib conjugate vaccines has led to the near disappearance of invasive Hib disease, but costs have limited its use in developing countries. In order to identify more economical vaccination schedules, we carried out a trial to evaluate the immunogenicity of an alternative two-dose PRP-T regimen, based on a previous report in which carrier priming could be obtained with prior diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccination.

Methods: Healthy infants were enrolled to receive the PRP-T given at 3 and 5 months of age, with DTP vaccination given at 2, 4 and 6 months of age.

Molecular typing and antimicrobial susceptibility of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in Brazil.

Objectives: To characterize vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) isolates and to evaluate the mode of dissemination of this pathogen in Brazil.

Design: We collected 22 vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates from 6 medical centers in Sao Paulo, Brazil, and 1 isolate from a medical center in Curitiba, Brazil.

Participants: All Brazilian hospitals that had identified vancomycin-resistant E.