Prevalence of syphilis and associated factors among pregnant women in Brazil: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This systematic review accompanied by a meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of syphilis in pregnant women in Brazil and describe its associated factors.

Methods: Following the establishment the search strategies and the registration of the review protocol in PROSPERO, we conducted a search for relevant articles in the Pubmed, LILACS, Science Direct, SciELO and Web of Science databases. Our inclusion criteria were cross-sectional studies published between 2005 and 2023, with no language restrictions.

Association of CD133, ALDH1, CD117 and OCT4 expression with prognosis of patients with cervical cancer.

Cancer stem cells (CSC), a small population of neoplastic cells, are associated with worse prognosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of ALDH1, CD117, CD133 and OCT4; potential markers of CSC; and their associations with the prognosis of women diagnosed with cervical cancer. This retrospective cohort study included 126 women diagnosed with cervical cancer whose biopsies were analyzed by immunohistochemistry.

Bacterial vaginosis and cervical human papillomavirus infection in young and adult women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To investigate the association between bacterial vaginosis and cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in young and adult women.

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was based on the Prisma methodological guidelines. PubMed and Web of Science were searched using the following descriptors: "bacterial vaginosis and HPV", in June 2019.

Diagnosis, treatment, and notification of syphilis during pregnancy in the state of Goiás, Brazil, between 2007 and 2017.

Objective: To analyze the evolution of syphilis during pregnancy notification regarding clinical classification, diagnosis and treatment in the state of Goiás, Brazil, between 2007 and 2017.

Methods: This is a time-series study, analyzing data provided by the Health Secretariat of the state of Goiás. The variables related to the diagnosis and treatment of pregnant women and their partners were analyzed, and their evolution trend during the years.

Performance of three colposcopic images for the identification of squamous and glandular cervical precursor neoplasias.

Purpose: To evaluate prevalence and diagnostic performance of three colposcopic images to diagnose squamous and glandular cervical precursor neoplasias.

Methods: Cross-sectional study, conducted through analysis of stored digital colposcopic images. To evaluate the diagnostic performance of three images, herein named grouped glands, aceto-white villi, and atypical vessels, for detection of adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN) grades 2 and 3, calculations of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive likelihood ratio, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and area under the curve (AUC) were made, with their respective 95% confidence intervals.

Vaginal Microbiome Components as Correlates of Cervical Human Papillomavirus Infection.

Background: Interplay between vaginal microbiome and human papillomavirus (HPV) remains unclear, partly due to heterogeneity of microbiota.

Methods: We used data from 546 women enrolled in a cross-sectional study in 5 Brazil. We genotyped vaginal samples for HPV and sequenced V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene for vaginal microbiome analysis.

Detection of Human papillomavirus and the role of p16INK4a in colorectal carcinomas.

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with the development of anogenital and head and neck cancers. In recent years a potential role of HPV in colorectal cancer (CRC) has been suggested.

Objective: To investigate the presence of HPV in colorectal carcinomas and to study the role of p16INK4a as a marker of transcriptionally active HPV infection.

Human papillomavirus and Chlamydia trachomatis infections in adolescents and young women: Prevalence and risk factors.

Background: The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections among adolescents and young adult women and to identify the risk factors associated.

Methods: This study included 276 sexually active participants, classified as adolescents (15-19 years) and young adult women (20-24 years) that realized conventional cytology and were tested for 27 HPV genotypes and for CT. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the factors associated with both infections.

The role played by granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) on women submitted to in vitro fertilization associated with thin endometrium: systematic review.

Objective: To provide evidence available in the literature on the role of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in women submitted to in vitro fertilization, with repeated implantation failure associated with thin endometrium.

Methods: Systematic review of the use of G-CSF, as part of assisted reproduction techniques in women with repeated embryo implantation failures associated with thin endometrium. The study was carried out in the PubMed, BIREME and Elsevier databases from 2008 to 2018, in English, Spanish and Portuguese.

Performance of Conventional Cytology and Colposcopy for the Diagnosis of Cervical Squamous and Glandular Neoplasias.

Objective:  To estimate the cytological and colposcopic performances for the diagnosis of cervical neoplasias.

Methods:  Cross-sectional retrospective study with data from patients' charts. The participants underwent colposcopy, guided biopsies, and excision when needed.

HPV infection and cervical neoplasia: associated risk factors.

Background: Behavioral risks such as age at first sexual intercourse, number of sexual partners and partner's sexual behavior are associated with an increased risk of HPV infection, persistence of the infection and the development of neoplastic precursor lesions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with HPV positivity and with a diagnosis of cervical neoplasia in women referred with an abnormal cervical smear.

Methods: This study evaluated a series of 198 women referred with an abnormal cervical smear.

Association between the human papillomavirus, bacterial vaginosis and cervicitis and the detection of abnormalities in cervical smears from teenage girls and young women.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, bacterial vaginosis (BV), and cervicitis may play a role in the presence of cytological abnormalities in female adolescents and young women. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of HPV, BV and cervicitis in female adolescents and young women and evaluate whether these conditions are associated with a finding of cytological abnormalities in cervical smears.

Methods: Cervical smears were screened using the conventional method and HPV-DNA detection was performed by PGMY-PCR.

[Abnormal vaginal secretion: sensitivity, specificity and concordance between clinical and cytological diagnosis].

Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (BV), candidiasis and trichomoniasis and compare the findings of physical examination of the vaginal secretion with the microbiological diagnosis obtained by cytology study of a vaginal smear using the Papanicolaou method.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 302 women aged 20 to 87 years, interviewed and submitted to a gynecology test for the evaluation of vaginal secretion and collection of a cytology smear, from June 2012 to May 2013. Sensitivity analyses were carried out and specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) with their respective 95%CI were determined to assess the accuracy of the characteristics of vaginal secretion in relation to the microbiological diagnosis of the cytology smear .

Sexually transmitted bacterial infections among young women in Central Western Brazil.

Background: Studies on sexually transmitted infections in Brazil are done mainly in large metropolises and screening is available for pregnant women only. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and risk factors for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Treponema pallidum infection among young non-pregnant women in non-clinical settings in middle-sized cities of Central Brazil.

Methods: A cross-sectional community-based sample of 1072 participants was included.

A portrait of single and multiple HPV type infections in Brazilian women of different age strata with squamous or glandular cervical lesions.

Background: Cervical cancer ranks third in prevalence and fourth as cause of death in women worldwide. In Brazil, 17,540 women were diagnosed in 2012 with the disease. Persistent infection with high-risk HPV types is a necessary condition for the development of pre-invasive and invasive cervical neoplasia.

Prevalence, genotype profile and risk factors for multiple human papillomavirus cervical infection in unimmunized female adolescents in Goiânia, Brazil: a community-based study.

Background: The epidemiology of infection with multiple human papillomavirus (HPV) types in female adolescents is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to explore the epidemiology of infection with multiple HPV types in adolescents and its association with demographic, behavioral and biological variables, as well as with cytological abnormalities.

Methods: This community-based study included 432 sexually active females between 15 and 19 years of age.

Association of HPV infection and Chlamydia trachomatis seropositivity in cases of cervical neoplasia in Midwest Brazil.

High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is considered the main etiological agent for cervical neoplasia. However, the presence of a single type HPV infection alone is unlikely to be sufficient to cause cervical cancer. There is epidemiologic evidence suggesting that HPV and Chlamydia trachomatis play a central role in the etiology of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and subsequent cervical cancer.

Cytopathic effects of human papillomavirus infection and the severity of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia : A frequency study.

Cytopathic effects related to the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are more frequently found in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1; however, there are indications that at least half the histological diagnoses of CIN2 and CIN3 include koilocytosis areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of the cytological criteria suggestive of HPV infection in the cervical smears of women with a histological diagnosis of CIN. One hundred and sixty-two women with abnormal cervical smears and a diagnosis of CIN confirmed by histopathology were selected, including 46 cases of CIN 1, 42 of CIN 2 and 74 cases of CIN 3.

Association between HPV types and species groups and cervical neoplasia from a high-risk area for cervical cancer, Goiânia, Brazil.

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of single or multiple-human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and phylogenetic groups on the prevalence and severity of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in women undergoing colposcopy after an abnormal cervical smear. Colposcopy was performed in 198 cases and biopsy was performed in 193 patients. All specimens were tested for 27 HPV genotypes using the Roche polymerase chain reaction reverse line blot assay.

Usefulness of repeat cytology at the time of first colposcopy.

The value of repeat cytology in the detection of high-grade preinvasive or invasive disease was analyzed at the time of colposcopy in cases of patients with abnormal referral cytology. A series of 136 patients with squamous abnormalities in their referral cytology, who had undergone repeat cytology and for whom outcome had been established, were included in the study. Final diagnosis consisted of 27 negative results (20%), 37 cases of CIN1 (27%), 31 CIN2 (23%), 39 CIN3 (29%), and 2 (1%) cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).