[Evidence for Health Promotion in Brazil: report on a rapid response serviceEvidencia para la promoción de la salud en Brasil: informe sobre un servicio de respuesta rápida].

Objective: Present the experience of a rapid response service to support decision-making in health systems.

Methodology: Description of the processes and results of a service that produces rapid reviews and evidence maps to support decision-making under the National Health Promotion Policy, as well as the authors' perception of the work process.

Results: The rapid response service started in 2020.

Bacterial, fungal and parasitic co-infections in leprosy: A scoping review.

Background: In leprosy patients, the most commonly reported non-viral co-infections are Tuberculosis, Leishmaniasis, Chromoblastomycosis and Helminths. The presence of a secondary infection is believed to increase the likelihood of leprosy reactions. The purpose of this review was to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the most reported bacterial, fungal, and parasitic co-infections in leprosy.

Pediatric allergy and immunology for patients and parents: challenges of developing website and social network during COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil.

Objective: To describe the development of a website and the creation of a social network account about pediatric allergy/immunology with reliable information, to promote education and have a channel for patient-doctor contact.

Methods: This is a descriptive study. A survey was conducted with 93 patients (12 years and older) and caregivers of a Pediatric Allergy/Immunology outpatient clinic, to assess internet usage patterns of potential users.

Viral co-infections in leprosy: a scoping review.

Context: The most reported viral co-infections in leprosy are human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and SARS-CoV-2. In co-infections, the burden of an agent can be increased or decreased by the presence of others. To address this issue, we need to fully understand their prevalence, risk factors, immunology, clinical manifestations, and treatment.

Diabetes, obesity, and insulin resistance in COVID-19: molecular interrelationship and therapeutic implications.

Background: Our understanding of the pathophysiology of the COVID-19 manifestations and evolution has improved over the past 10 months, but the reasons why evolution is more severe in obese and diabetic patients are not yet completely understood.

Main Text: In the present review we discuss the different mechanisms that may contribute to explain the pathophysiology of COVID-19 including viral entrance, direct viral toxicity, endothelial dysfunction, thromboinflammation, dysregulation of the immune response, and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.

Conclusions: We show that the viral infection activates an integrated stress response, including activations of serine kinases such as PKR and PERK, which induce IRS-1 serine phosphorylation and insulin resistance.