Biomechanical Effects of Seizures on Cerebral Dynamics and Brain Stress.

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders globally, affecting about 50 million people, with nearly 80% of those affected residing in low- and middle-income countries. It is characterized by recurrent seizures that result from abnormal electrical brain activity, with seizures varying widely in manifestation. The exploration of the biomechanical effects that seizures have on brain dynamics and stress levels is relevant for the development of more effective treatments and protective strategies.

Fluid-structure interaction analysis of amniotic fluid with fetus and placenta inside uterus exposed to military blasts.

Introduction: Pregnancy-related trauma is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in pregnant women and fetuses. The fetal response to injury is largely dependent on the timing of fetal presentation and the underlying pathophysiology of the trauma. The optimal management of pregnant patients who have suffered an obstetric emergency depends on clinical assessment and understanding of the placental implantation process, which can be difficult to perform during an emergency.

Outcomes of shared institutional review board compared with multiple individual site institutional review board models in a multisite clinical trial.

Background: Institutional review boards play a crucial role in initiating clinical trials. Although many multicenter clinical trials use an individual institutional review board model, where each institution uses their local institutional review board, it is unknown if a shared (single institutional review board) model would reduce the time required to approve a standard institutional review board protocol.

Objective: This study aimed to compare processing times and other processing characteristics between sites using a single institutional review board model and those using their individual site institutional review board model in a multicenter clinical trial.

Fluid-Structure Interaction Analyses of Biological Systems Using Smoothed-Particle Hydrodynamics.

Due to the inherent complexity of biological applications that more often than not include fluids and structures interacting together, the development of computational fluid-structure interaction models is necessary to achieve a quantitative understanding of their structure and function in both health and disease. The functions of biological structures usually include their interactions with the surrounding fluids. Hence, we contend that the use of fluid-structure interaction models in computational studies of biological systems is practical, if not necessary.