Thoron exposure in the radon-thoron prone area of the Adamawa Region, Cameroon.

The radon-prone area of the Adamawa region is characterized by high radon concentrations, where no low-risk area was observed. This study aims to investigate about indoor thoron concentration in this area, using RADUET detectors, thoron progeny monitors and DTPS/DRPS. The indoor thoron concentration ranged between 17 and 1000 Bq m, with an average of 131 Bq m.

Effective dose assessment due to inhalation of Rn, Rn, and their progeny: highlighting the major contribution of thoron in a thoron-prone area in Cameroon.

To assess public exposure to radon, thoron, and their progeny, measurements were conducted in 50 dwellings within the bauxite-rich area of Fongo-Tongo in western Cameroon. Passive integrating radon-thoron discriminative detectors (specifically RADUET) were employed for radon and thoron measurements. Additionally, concentrations of short-lived radon and thoron progeny were estimated using Direct Radon Progeny Sensors (DRPSs) and Direct Thoron Progeny Sensors (DTPSs) based on LR-115 detectors.

PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 size fraction distribution under steady-state conditions in a walk-in type 222Rn calibration chamber facility.

Attachment of 222Rn progenies, upon their formation, to the atmospheric aerosols and inhalation of these radioactive aerosols causes inhalation dose to the human being. Aerosols have the characteristics of small particle size, long-time suspension and long-distance transmission and easy access to the deep respiratory tract. Aerosols are responsible for viral infection risk such as the recent worldwide pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2, or COVID-19).

L. Attenuates Diabetic Neuropathy by Inhibiting Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress in Rats.

Background: Diabetic neuropathy is a debilitating manifestation of long-term diabetes mellitus. The present study explored the effects of the roots of L. ( L.

Nanoencapsulation and characterisation of for the treatment of neuropathic pain.

Aim: This work aimed to encapsulate extract (HPE) into nanophytosomes (NPs) and assess the therapeutic efficacy of this nanocarrier in neuropathic pain induced by partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL).

Methods: Hydroalcoholic extract of was prepared and encapsulated into NPs by thin layer hydration method. Particle size, zeta potential, TEM, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), entrapment efficiency (%EE), and loading capacity (LC) of NPs were reported.

A case study on seasonal and annual average indoor radon, thoron, and their progeny level in Kohima district, Nagaland, India.

Indoor radon and thoron survey has been carried out in 50 dwellings under Kohima district, Nagaland, India, using the latest measurement technology. The survey has been carried out for a one-year period in 3 different seasons, and the dwellings were selected according to the building materials used for construction. Indoor radon and thoron concentrations, as well as their progeny, followed a predictable pattern with greater levels in the winter and lower levels in the summer.

A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON INDOOR RADON, THORON AND THEIR PROGENY LEVEL IN DIMAPUR DISTRICT OF NAGALAND, INDIA.

Indoor radon (222Rn), thoron (220Rn) and their progeny concentrations were detected in several homes in Dimapur district, Nagaland, utilizing Direct Radon and Thoron progeny sensors based on solid-state Nuclear Track Detectors (Type-2 film) and pinhole type radon-thoron discriminating dosemeters. For three separate seasons, the annual inhalation dose has been determined in 80 residences in the research regions. The residences were chosen to have various types of housing, such as concrete, semi-wood/bamboo and bamboo, with varying levels of ventilation that contribute to indoor 222Rn, 220Rn and their progeny.

Assessment of radon, thoron, and their progeny concentrations in the dwellings of Shivalik hills of Jammu and Kashmir, India.

The present work determines the contents of active and passive indoor Rn, Rn, and their daughter in the 32 houses of the Reasi district of J&K, India. The passive Rn and Rn concentration was measured by dosimeters, whereas the active content was measured by active radon monitor. Progeny sensors and integrated samplers were operated for the evaluation of passive and active daughter contents of Rn and Rn.

EFFECT OF AIR VELOCITY ON INHALATION DOSES DUE TO RADON AND THORON PROGENY IN A TEST CHAMBER.

Inhalation doses due to radon and thoron are predominantly due to the inhalation of progeny of Radon and Thoron. The progeny/decay-products of radon and thoron are particulates unlike their parent gas and exhibit different physical properties like attachment to the aerosols and deposition on different surfaces. All these properties in turn depend on the environmental conditions such as air velocity, aerosol concentration, attachment rate, etc.

Age-dependent ingestion and inhalation doses due to intake of uranium and radon in water samples of Shiwalik Himalayas of Jammu and Kashmir, India.

The research work involved the ingestion and inhalation doses due to the intake of radon and uranium through water samples used by the inhabitants, measured in the villages of the Shiwalik Himalayas of Jammu and Kashmir, India. The uranium concentration in collected water samples was assessed by LED fluorimetric technique. All values of doses were found to be below the proposed limit of 100 μSv year for all age categories except for infants due to the high-dose conversion factor.

EFFECTIVE DOSES ESTIMATED FROM THE RESULTS OF DIRECT RADON AND THORON PROGENY SENSORS (DRPS/DTPS), EXPOSED IN SELECTED REGIONS OF BALKANS.

The main contribution to population exposure is due to radon and thoron progenies and not radon itself. The aim of this study was therefore to estimate annual effective dose using the results of Direct Radon and Thoron Progeny Sensors were exposed in 69 selected schools and 319 dwellings in several regions of Balkans: in Serbia: regions of Sokobanja and Kosovo and Metohija, Republic of Macedonia, Republic of Srpska and Slovenia. Obtained average total effective doses are in the range from 0.

Assessment of indoor radon, thoron concentrations, and their relationship with seasonal variation and geology of Udhampur district, Jammu & Kashmir, India.

Background The inhalation doses resulting from the exposure to radon, thoron, and their progeny are important quantities in estimating the radiation risk for epidemiological studies as the average global annual effective dose due to radon and its progeny is 1.3 mSv as compared to that of 2.4 mSv due to all other natural sources of ionizing radiation.

Assessment of progeny concentrations of Rn/Rn and their related doses using deposition-based direct progeny sensors.

Indoor radon and thoron concentrations in the domestic environment result in natural radiation exposure to the public due to the inhalation of their short-lived decay products. Keeping this in view, the annual effective dose and other radiation risks due to radon/thoron progenies have been calculated. In this study, newly developed time deposition-based progeny sensors (DTPS/DRPS) were used for long-term passive determination of progeny concentrations in the environment of Jammu and Kashmir, Himalayas, India.

Assessment of radon concentration and heavy metal contamination in groundwater of Udhampur district, Jammu & Kashmir, India.

Radon concentration was measured in water samples of 41 different locations from Udhampur district of Jammu & Kashmir, India, by using RAD7 and Smart RnDuo monitor. The variation of radon concentration in water ranged from 1.44 ± 0.

Comparative Study of Radon Concentration with Two Techniques and Elemental Analysis in Drinking Water Samples of the Jammu District, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

The level of radon concentration has been assessed using the Advanced SMART RnDuo technique in 30 drinking water samples from Jammu district, Jammu and Kashmir, India. The water samples were collected from wells, hand pumps, submersible pumps, and stored waters. The randomly obtained 14 values of radon concentration in water sources using the SMART RnDuo technique have been compared and cross checked by a RAD7 device.

Inhalation Dose and Source Term Studies in a Tribal Area of Wayanad, Kerala, India.

Among radiation exposure pathways to human beings, inhalation dose is the most prominent one. Radon, thoron, and their progeny contribute more than 50 per cent to the annual effective dose due to natural radioactivity. South west coast of India is classified as a High Natural Background Radioactivity Area and large scale data on natural radioactivity and dosimetry are available from these coastal regions including the Neendakara-Chavara belt in the south of Kerala.

Radon and thoron inhalation doses in dwellings with earthen architecture: Comparison of measurement methods.

The radioactive noble gas radon (Rn) and its decay products have been considered a health risk in the indoor environment for many years because of their contribution to the radiation dose of the lungs. The radioisotope thoron (Rn) and its decay products came into focus of being a health risk only recently. The reason for this is its short half-life, so only building material can become a significant source for indoor thoron.

MEASUREMENT OF RADON, THORON AND THEIR PROGENY CONCENTRATIONS IN THE DWELLINGS OF PAURI GARHWAL, UTTARAKHAND, INDIA.

It is well known that inhalation of radon, thoron and their progeny contributes more than 50 % of natural background radiation dose to human being. The time-integrated passive measurements of radon, thoron and their progeny concentrations were carried out in the dwellings of Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India. The measurements of radon and thoron concentrations were performed by LR-115 detector-based single-entry pin-hole dosemeter, while for the measurement of progeny concentrations, LR-115 deposition-based direct radon and thoron progeny sensors technique was used.

STUDY OF RADIATION EXPOSURE DUE TO RADON, THORON AND PROGENY IN THE INDOOR ENVIRONMENT OF YAMUNA AND TONS VALLEYS OF GARHWAL HIMALAYA.

Long-term measurements of indoor radon, thoron and their progeny concentrations have been carried out in dwellings of Yamuna and Tons Valleys of Uttarkashi, Garhwal Himalaya to investigate the health risk associated with inhalation of radon, thoron and progeny. The experimentally determined values of radon, thoron and progeny concentrations were used to estimate the annual inhalation doses and annual effective doses. The annual inhalation dose has been found to vary from 0.

INNOVATIVE EASY-TO-USE PASSIVE TECHNIQUE FOR 222RN AND 220RN DECAY PRODUCT DETECTION.

The decay products of radon and thoron are essentially the radioisotopes of polonium, bismuth and lead, and are solid particulates, which deposit in different parts of the respiratory tract upon inhalation, subsequently emitting high-energy alpha particles upon their radioactive decay. Development of passive deposition-based direct progeny sensors known as direct radon and thoron progeny sensors have provided an easy-to-use technique for time-integrated measurements of the decay products only. These dosemeters are apt for large-scale population dosimetry to assign inhalation doses to the public.

Dose estimation derived from the exposure to radon, thoron and their progeny in the indoor environment.

The annual exposure to indoor radon, thoron and their progeny imparts a major contribution to inhalation doses received by the public. In this study, we report results of time integrated passive measurements of indoor radon, thoron and their progeny concentrations that were carried out in Garhwal Himalaya with the aim of investigating significant health risk to the dwellers in the region. The measurements were performed using recently developed LR-115 detector based techniques.