Syndromic Gastrointestinal Panel Diagnostic Tests Have Changed our Understanding of the Epidemiology of -Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 2010-2021.

Background: In the US, yersinosis was understood to predominantly occur in winter and among Black or African American infants and Asian children. Increased use of culture-independent diagnostic tests (CIDTs) has led to marked increases in yersinosis diagnoses.

Methods: We describe differences in the epidemiology of yersiniosis diagnosed by CIDT versus culture in 10 US sites, and identify determinants of health associated with diagnostic method.

Human Salmonellosis Outbreak Linked to Salmonella Typhimurium Epidemic in Wild Songbirds, United States, 2020-2021.

Salmonella infection causes epidemic death in wild songbirds, with potential to spread to humans. In February 2021, public health officials in Oregon and Washington, USA, isolated a strain of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium from humans and a wild songbird. Investigation by public health partners ultimately identified 30 illnesses in 12 states linked to an epidemic of Salmonella Typhimurium in songbirds.

Preliminary Incidence and Trends of Infections Caused by Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food - Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 U.S. Sites, 2022.

Each year, infections from major foodborne pathogens are responsible for an estimated 9.4 million illnesses, 56,000 hospitalizations, and 1,350 deaths in the United States (1). To evaluate progress toward prevention of enteric infections in the United States, the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) conducts surveillance for laboratory-diagnosed infections caused by eight pathogens transmitted commonly through food at 10 U.

Preliminary Incidence and Trends of Infections Caused by Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food - Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 U.S. Sites, 2016-2021.

To evaluate progress toward prevention of enteric infections in the United States, the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) conducts active population-based surveillance for laboratory-diagnosed infections caused by Campylobacter, Cyclospora, Listeria, Salmonella, Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), Shigella, Vibrio, and Yersinia at 10 U.S. sites.

Survival analysis to evaluate associations between periodontal disease and the risk of development of chronic azotemic kidney disease in cats evaluated at primary care veterinary hospitals.

OBJECTIVE To examine potential associations between periodontal disease (PD) and the risk of development of chronic azotemic kidney disease (CKD) among cats and determine whether the risk of CKD increases with severity of PD. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. ANIMALS 169, 242 cats.

Public health for the twenty-first century: what role do veterinarians in clinical practice play?

All veterinarians, regardless of their formal job description, serve the public good and contribute to public health. The public health activities veterinarians engage in most frequently in clinical practice are in the areas of disease detection, reporting, and prevention. This article provides a brief overview of the basic functions of public health, while emphasizing the public health roles that veterinary clinicians play in their day-to-day practice of veterinary medicine and how they might extend their interest and involvement in this field.

Veterinary public health in a problem-based learning curriculum at the Western University of Health Sciences.

As detailed in the Association of Schools of Public Health / Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges 2007 Joint Symposium on Veterinary Public Health, veterinary public health (VPH) can no longer be viewed as a unique sub-specialty of veterinary medicine. Rather, its practice pervades nearly every aspect of the veterinary profession, regardless of whether the practitioner is engaged in small-animal, large-animal, research, corporate, or military practice. In congruence with the practice of VPH, the teaching of VPH should also pervade nearly every aspect of veterinary education.

A small animal clinician's guide to critical appraisal of the evidence in scientific literature.

There is a tremendous amount of medical literature available to the clinician. The challenge is to identify information that is useful and relevant for the patient population of interest. This article provides an overview of important considerations when critically appraising a report, such as selection of the study population, features of the study design used, potential sources of bias, and evaluation of the statistical evidence.

Comparative attractiveness of two chicken breeds to mosquitoes in southern California.

Each transmission season (April-October), mosquito control districts deploy more than 2,000 white leghorn hens as sentinels in California's arbovirus surveillance program. In 2002, Rhode Island red hybrids were used instead, because of insufficient availability of leghorns. Although arboviral seroconversions occurred in both breeds, their attractiveness to host-seeking mosquitoes was not compared.

Important emerging bacterial zoonotic infections affecting the immunocompromised.

The immunocompromised are at particular risk for infection with zoonotic diseases. Persons can be temporarily immunocompromised due to pregnancy or developmental stage (i.e.

Antibody response to Culex tarsalis salivary gland antigens among sentinel chickens in California.

The arboviral surveillance program in California depends in part on sentinel chickens to detect western equine encephalomyelitis virus, St. Louis encephalitis virus, and West Nile virus activity. From 2000 through 2002, 1,578 serum specimens from 34 sentinel flocks in northern and southern California were tested for antibodies to Culex tarsalis salivary gland antigens.

Detection of chicken antibodies to mosquito salivary gland antigens by enzyme immunoassay.

Sentinel chickens are used to detect western equine encephalomyelitis, St. Louis encephalitis, and West Nile virus activity. Flocks that receive high mosquito exposure will be most effective for surveillance purposes.

Acute encephalitis hospitalizations, California, 1990-1999: unrecognized arboviral encephalitis?

Historically, Western equine encephalomyelitis and St. Louis encephalitis caused substantial human and equine illness and death in California. This study describes the epidemiology of encephalitis with data from 13,807 patients hospitalized in California with acute encephalitis from 1990 through 1999.