Publications by authors named "Rosalia D'Angelo"

Article Synopsis
  • Arteriovenous malformation of the brain (bAVM) is linked to problems in the formation of blood vessels and leads to direct connections between arterioles and venules, affecting normal blood flow.
  • Researchers conducted methylome analysis on endothelial cells from bAVM samples, comparing them to healthy brain endothelial cells, revealing differences in gene methylation that could contribute to bAVM onset.
  • Aberrant methylation was found in genes responsible for endothelial cell interactions and neurovascular development, indicating that issues beyond just endothelial dysfunction are involved in the development of bAVM.
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  • Maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) is a tricky health issue that can affect different parts of the body, like the ability to hear, see, and control blood sugar.
  • This study looked at a Sicilian family where some members had MIDD but didn't have the usual genetic change expected to cause it, using advanced techniques to investigate both their nuclear and mitochondrial DNA.
  • Researchers found some rare and harmful genetic changes, along with surprising differences in how certain genes were turned on and off, which could help explain how MIDD happens and could guide future treatments for people with this condition.
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Aims: This pilot study investigates the potential pathogenic role of G-quadruplex (G4) structures in -associated retinal degeneration, starting from a case of suspected X-linked form affected family. We hypothesize that the stabilization of these structures might alter DNA replication and transcription, inducing genetic instability and influencing gene expression.

Main Methods: We conducted whole genome amplification experiments and next-generation sequencing to detect the blockade of polymerase activity by G4 structures.

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Beyond their crucial role in energy production, mitochondria harbor a distinct genome subject to epigenetic regulation akin to that of nuclear DNA. This paper delves into the nascent but rapidly evolving fields of mitoepigenetics and mitoepigenomics, exploring the sophisticated regulatory mechanisms governing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). These mechanisms encompass mtDNA methylation, the influence of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), and post-translational modifications of mitochondrial proteins.

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Objectives: To assess effectiveness of an experimental sterilization method based on the exposure of an O3/O2 gas mixture directly inside the packaging for clear aligners.

Materials And Methods: Fifty samples consisting of pieces of polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PET-G) aligners were contaminated by manual handling and subsequently divided into different groups (n = 30 for exposure to O3/O2 gas at different times, n = 10 for positive control with 2% chlorhexidine digluconate, n = 10 for negative control). The measurement of optical densities (OD) of the initial and final microbial cultures was recorded for all groups.

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Article Synopsis
  • In the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease, people can have problems with their vision, like seeing colors poorly and having blurry sight.
  • As the disease gets worse, it can also lead to conditions like glaucoma, which affects the eyes.
  • Researchers have found connections between the eyes and the brain that might help us understand Alzheimer’s better and develop new treatments.
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In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been considered the most effective source for regenerative medicine, especially due to released soluble paracrine bioactive components and extracellular vesicles. These factors, collectively called the secretome, play crucial roles in immunomodulation and in improving survival and regeneration capabilities of injured tissue. Recently, there has been a growing interest in the secretome released by retinal cytotypes, especially retinal pigment epithelium and Müller glia cells.

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  • Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia worldwide and is a big concern for public health.* -
  • Scientists have learned a lot about AD beyond just the old ideas of brain plaques and tangles, leading to new ways of understanding how it affects brain cells.* -
  • The review talks about different types of AD and how important it is to classify them, while also looking at how the immune system might play a role in the disease.*
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  • Thrombin can activate certain receptors in the brain, which leads to inflammation and makes blood vessels leakier.
  • This process is related to some brain diseases like cancer and neurodegeneration, particularly a condition called sporadic cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM).
  • Researchers found that in CCM, certain genes related to the thrombin pathway are overactive and that this can hurt brain cells and cause problems with important proteins.
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Cone-rod dystrophies (CORDs) are a heterogeneous group of inherited retinopathies (IRDs) with more than 30 already known disease-causing genes. Uncertain phenotypes and extended range of intra- and interfamilial heterogenicity make still difficult to determine a precise genotype-phenotype correlation. Here, we used a next-generation sequencing approach to study a Sicilian family with a suspected form of CORD.

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Oxidative stress represents one of the principal causes of inherited retinal dystrophies, with many related molecular mechanisms still unknown. We investigated the posttranscriptional RNA editing landscape of human retinal pigment epithelium cells (RPE) exposed to the oxidant agent N-retinylidene-N-retinyl ethanolamine (A2E) for 1 h, 2 h, 3 h and 6 h. Using a transcriptomic approach, refined with a specific multialgorithm pipeline, 62,880 already annotated and de novo RNA editing sites within about 3000 genes were identified among all samples.

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Novel insights on regulation of gene expression mechanisms highlight the pivotal role of epitranscriptomic modifications on decision about transcript fate. These modifications include methylation of adenosine and cytosine in RNA molecules. Impairment of the normal epitranscriptome profile was observed in several pathological conditions, such as cancer and neurodegeneration.

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By regulating several phases of gene expression, RNA editing modifications contribute to maintaining physiological RNA expression levels. RNA editing dysregulation can affect RNA molecule half-life, coding/noncoding RNA interaction, alternative splicing, and circular RNA biogenesis. Impaired RNA editing has been observed in several pathological conditions, including cancer and Alzheimer's disease.

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The genetic and histopathological features of the cornea of a Polish patient with Gelatinous Drop-like Corneal Dystrophy (GDCD) and the molecular composition with Raman spectroscopy of corneal deposits were examined. A 62 year-old Polish woman was diagnosed with GDCD and underwent penetrating corneal transplant. A blood sample was collected, and genetic analysis was performed.

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Background: Trimethylaminuria (TMAU) is a rare genetic disease characterized by the accumulation of trimethylamine (TMA) and its subsequent excretion trough main body fluids, determining the characteristic fish odour in affected patients. We realized an experimental study to investigate the role of several coding variants in the causative gene , that were only considered as polymorphic or benign, even if the available literature on them did not functionally explain their ineffectiveness on the encoded enzyme.

Methods: Mutational analysis of 26 TMAU patients was realized by Sanger sequencing.

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The neurovascular unit (NVU) is a relatively recent concept that clearly describes the relationship between brain cells and their blood vessels. The components of the NVU, comprising different types of cells, are so interrelated and associated with each other that they are considered as a single functioning unit. For this reason, even slight disturbances in the NVU could severely affect brain homeostasis and health.

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Unlabelled: During the last (15) years, improved omics sequencing technologies have expanded the scale and resolution of various biological applications, generating high-throughput datasets that require carefully chosen software tools to be processed. Therefore, following the sequencing development, bioinformatics researchers have been challenged to implement alignment algorithms for next-generation sequencing reads. However, nowadays selection of aligners based on genome characteristics is poorly studied, so our benchmarking study extended the "state of art" comparing 17 different aligners.

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Blindness due to photoreceptor degeneration is observed in both genetic and acquired eye disorders. Long blue light exposure can contribute to increase levels of oxidative compounds within the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), enhancing risk of retinal damage. In retina, reactive oxygen species contribute to the activation of inflammatory cascade.

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Background: Retinitis pigmentosa punctata albescens (RPA) is a particular form of retinitis pigmentosa characterized by childhood onset night blindness and areas of peripheral retinal atrophy. We investigated the genetic cause of RPA in a family consisting of two affected Egyptian brothers with healthy consanguineous parents.

Methods: Mutational analysis of four RPA causative genes was realized by Sanger sequencing on both probands, and detected variants were subsequently genotyped in their parents.

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: Trimethylaminuria (TMAU) is a rare metabolic syndrome characterized by the accumulation and the excretion of trimethylamine (TMA), a volatile diet compound produced by gut microbiota. Gut microbiota alterations are mainly involved in the secondary TMAU, whose patients show also different psychiatric conditions. We hypothesized that the biological activity of several molecules acting as intermediate in TMA metabolic reaction might be at the basis of TMAU psychiatric comorbidities.

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Ion channels are membrane-spanning integral proteins expressed in multiple organs, including the eye. Here, ion channels play a role in several physiological processes, like signal transmission and visual processing. A wide range of mutations have been reported in the corresponding genes and their interacting subunit coding genes, which contribute significantly to a wide spectrum of ocular diseases collectively called channelopathies, a subgroup of inherited retinal dystrophies.

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What Is Known And Objective: Trimethylaminuria is a metabolic disorder characterized by excessive excretion of trimethylamine in body fluids following FMO3 gene mutations. Secondary forms of the disease may be due to consumption of trimethylamine precursor-rich foods or metabolism of some xenobiotics.

Case Summary: A HIV patient developed secondary trimethylaminuria following antiretroviral treatment.

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Mitochondria are subject to continuous oxidative stress stimuli that, over time, can impair their genome and lead to several pathologies, like retinal degenerations. Our main purpose was the identification of mtDNA variants that might be induced by intense oxidative stress determined by -retinylidene--retinylethanolamine (A2E), together with molecular pathways involving the genes carrying them, possibly linked to retinal degeneration. We performed a variant analysis comparison between transcriptome profiles of human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells exposed to A2E and untreated ones, hypothesizing that it might act as a mutagenic compound towards mtDNA.

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Inherited retinal dystrophies are characterized by photoreceptor death. Oxidative stress usually occurs, increasing vision loss, and oxidative damage is often reported in retinitis pigmentosa (RP). More than 300 genes have been reported as RP causing.

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