Culturally-informed neuropsychological evaluations of patients with spina bifida: Application of the ECLECTIC framework to a complex pediatric medical condition.

The pediatric patient populations in the United States are becoming increasingly diverse in culture. In addition to medical factors, a variety of sociocultural factors (including educational systems, language, immigration status, etc.) can impact a child's cognitive development, performance on traditional neuropsychological measures, provider interactions, differential diagnosis, and recommendations.

Neurocognitive Functioning in Unoperated Adults with Chiari Malformation Type I.

Objective: Adults with Chiari malformation type 1 (CM1) often report cognitive impairment. This cross-sectional study investigates the cognitive and emotional functioning of a sample of adults with CM1 who presented for neurosurgical evaluation prior to intervention.

Methods: A total of 36 participants (18 patients with CM1 and 18 healthy control subjects) completed a comprehensive neurocognitive battery of tests.