Variability of the Positive Predictive Value of PI-RADS for Prostate MRI across 26 Centers: Experience of the Society of Abdominal Radiology Prostate Cancer Disease-focused Panel.

Background Prostate MRI is used widely in clinical care for guiding tissue sampling, active surveillance, and staging. The Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) helps provide a standardized probabilistic approach for identifying clinically significant prostate cancer. Despite widespread use, the variability in performance of prostate MRI across practices remains unknown.

Non-contrast imaging characteristics of papillary renal cell carcinoma: implications for diagnosis and subtyping.

Introduction: Current radiographic guidelines suggest unenhanced renal lesions < 20 Hounsfield Units (HU) are overwhelmingly benign, requiring no further evaluation. We evaluate our experience with papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) presenting with low pre-contrast attenuation and the relationship of attenuation with histologic pRCC subtype.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed our institutional kidney cancer database for patients with pT1 or pT2 pRCC between 2003-2017.

Defining Novel and Practical Metrics to Assess the Deliverables of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging/Ultrasound Fusion Prostate Biopsy.

Purpose: Multiparametric magnetic resonance/ultrasound targeted prostate biopsy is touted as a tool to improve prostate cancer care and yet its true clinical usefulness over transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy has not been systematically analyzed. We introduce 2 metrics to better quantify and report the deliverables of targeted biopsy.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed our prospective database of patients who underwent simultaneous multiparametric magnetic resonance/ultrasound targeted prostate biopsy and transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy.

Splenogonadal fusion: a rare etiology of solid testicular mass.

A 35-year-old man presented with a painless left scrotal mass. Pathologic examination after orchiectomy revealed splenogonadal fusion. Splenogonadal fusion is an exceptionally rare, typically benign, congenital anomaly.

False-positive scalp activity in 131I imaging associated with hair coloring.

A patient with metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma (after surgical resection of tumor and positive lymph nodes) undergoing thyroid ablation therapy with (131)I is described. Whole-body scintigraphy was performed 1 wk after ablation therapy to evaluate the presence of residual disease. The whole-body images demonstrated an artifact caused by tracer accumulation in the patient's scalp related to recent hair coloring.

RENAL nephrometry scoring system: the radiologist's perspective.

Objective: The nephrometry score, which is determined from cross-sectional imaging, stratifies renal masses into low, intermediate, and high complexity. The purpose of this article is to understand how the score is determined and review the five key features that contribute to the nephrometry score.

Conclusion: The scoring system has implications for surgical planning and has been widely adopted by urologists but is less familiar to radiologists.

Oncology imaging in the abdomen and pelvis: where cancer hides.

As the incidence of cancer continues to increase, imaging will play an ever more important role in the detection, diagnosis, staging, surveillance, and therapeutic monitoring of cancer. Diagnostic errors in the initial discovery of cancer or at follow-up assessments can lead to missed opportunities for curative treatments or altering or reinitiating therapies, as well as adversely impact clinical trials. Radiologists must have an understanding of cancer biology, treatments, and imaging appearance of therapeutic effects and be mindful that metastatic disease can involve virtually any organ system.

Radiation therapy for pituitary metastasis: report of four cases.

Aims And Background: To report the clinical outcomes of four patients with pituitary metastases treated with radiotherapy.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of four cases.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 66 years; two were women and two were men.

Findings of intramediastinal gossypiboma with F-18 FDG PET in a melanoma patient.

FDG PET/CT scan was performed to evaluate recurrence in an asymptomatic 64-year-old man with a history of melanoma in the left posterior ear. PET/CT images showed an intense ring-shaped area of FDG activity in the posterior mediastinum in a large posterior mediastinal mass. However, further evaluation indicated that this activity was caused by an intramediastinal gossypiboma after coronary artery bypass graft surgery 4 years before the PET/CT scan.

Radiographic assessment of airway tumors.

The initial imaging evaluation of a patient with a suspected tracheal abnormality is the chest radiograph, which is poor for detection of central airway lesions. Prior to the development of CT, planar tomography was performed to better evaluate the deep layers of the chest. Tomography is rarely performed today for chest imaging.