Impact of HA-PCI on self-reported cognitive functioning and brain metastases in small-cell lung cancer: Pooled findings of NCT01780675 and PREMER trials.

Background: Cognitive decline is an arising concern in patients who need cranial irradiation. We used the pooled longitudinal individual patient data of two phase III trials: NCT01780675 and PREMER to investigate whether hippocampal avoidance (HA)-PCI is associated with improved self-reported cognitive functioning (SRCF) compared with PCI without increasing brain metastases (BM) development within the HA area.

Methods: Patients with stage I-IV small cell lung cancer (SCLC) were randomized to PCI or HA-PCI.

Structural connectivity modifications following deep brain stimulation of the subcallosal cingulate and nucleus accumbens in severe anorexia nervosa.

Purpose: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a mental health disorder characterized by significant weight loss and associated medical and psychological comorbidities. Conventional treatments for severe AN have shown limited effectiveness, leading to the exploration of novel interventional strategies, including deep brain stimulation (DBS). However, the neural mechanisms driving DBS interventions, particularly in psychiatric conditions, remain uncertain.

Cognitive outcome after stereo-electroencephalography-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Objective: Stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG)-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFTC) is being used incrementally in the invasive diagnosis of epilepsy. There is currently a lack of information regarding the potential cognitive consequences of the extended use of this technique. This work describes, for the first time, the cognitive outcomes after RFTC in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), evaluated longitudinally and using a control group.

Blood Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease and Cognition: A Literature Review.

Recent advances in blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) show great promise for clinical applications, offering a less invasive alternative to current cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) measures. However, the relationships between these biomarkers and specific cognitive functions, as well as their utility in predicting longitudinal cognitive decline, are not yet fully understood. This descriptive review surveys the literature from 2018 to 2023, focusing on the associations of amyloid-β (Aβ), Total Tau (t-Tau), Phosphorylated Tau (p-Tau), Neurofilament Light (NfL), and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) with cognitive measures.

Cognitive and quality-of-life related factors of body mass index (BMI) improvement after deep brain stimulation in the subcallosal cingulate and nucleus accumbens in treatment-refractory chronic anorexia nervosa.

Background: Up to 20% of the cases of anorexia nervosa (AN) are chronic and treatment-resistant. Recently, the efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for severe cases of AN has been explored, with studies showing an improvement in body mass index and other psychiatric outcomes. While the effects of DBS on cognitive domains have been studied in patients with other neurological and psychiatric conditions so far, no evidence has been gathered in AN.

Randomized Phase III Trial of Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation With or Without Hippocampal Avoidance for Small-Cell Lung Cancer (PREMER): A GICOR-GOECP-SEOR Study.

Purpose: Radiation dose received by the neural stem cells of the hippocampus during whole-brain radiotherapy has been associated with neurocognitive decline. The key concern using hippocampal avoidance-prophylactic cranial irradiation (HA-PCI) in patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the incidence of brain metastasis within the hippocampal avoidance zone.

Methods: This phase III trial enrolled 150 patients with SCLC (71.

Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic Confinement in Patients With Cognitive Impairment.

State of emergency caused by COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdown hit Spain on 14th March 2020 and lasted until 21st June 2020. Social isolation measures were applied. Medical attention was focused on COVID-19.

A Randomized Trial of Deep Brain Stimulation to the Subcallosal Cingulate and Nucleus Accumbens in Patients with Treatment-Refractory, Chronic, and Severe Anorexia Nervosa: Initial Results at 6 Months of Follow Up.

Background: The main objective of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in patients with severe anorexia nervosa (AN).

Methods: Eight participants received active DBS to the subcallosal cingulate (SCC) or nucleus accumbens (NAcc) depending on comorbidities (affective or anxiety disorders, respectively) and type of AN. The primary outcome measure was body mass index (BMI).

Treatment Design and Rationale for a Randomized Trial of Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation With or Without Hippocampal Avoidance for SCLC: PREMER Trial on Behalf of the Oncologic Group for the Study of Lung Cancer/Spanish Radiation Oncology Group-Radiation Oncology Clinical Research Group.

Background: Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) is part of the usual treatment in most patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and response after treatment of the primary tumor. Clinical evidence suggests that radiation dose received by the hippocampus during whole brain radiotherapy might play a role in radiation-induced neurocognitive decline.

Patients And Methods: This study is a multicenter phase III trial (NCT02397733) randomizing SCLC patients after informed consent, to receive standard PCI treatment or PCI with hippocampus avoidance (PCI-HA) by using intensity modulated radiation therapy or volumetric modulated arc therapy.

One-Year Reference Norms of Cognitive Change in Spanish Old Adults: Data from the NEURONORMA Sample.

Objective: Serial cognitive assessments are useful for many purposes, such as monitoring cognitive decline or evaluating the result of an intervention. In order to determine if an observed change is reliable and meaningful, longitudinal reference data from non-clinical samples are needed. Since neuropsychological outcomes are affected by language and cultural background, cognitive tests should be adapted, and country-based norms collected.

Spanish multicenter normative studies (NEURONORMA project): normative data and equivalence of four BNT short-form versions.

The application of the Boston Naming Test (BNT) is time-consuming and shortened versions need to be developed for screening purposes. The aims of this study were to develop four equivalent 15-item forms of a Spanish adaptation of the BNT, to test the equivalence of the new versions in a clinical sample, and to provide normative data. The normative sample consisted of 340 subjects.

Spanish multicenter normative studies (Neuronorma project): norms for the abbreviated Barcelona Test.

The abbreviated Barcelona Test (a-BT) is an instrument widely used in Spain and Latin American countries for general neuropsychological assessment. The purpose of the present study was to provide new norms for the a-BT as part of the Neuronorma project. The sample consisted of 346 healthy controls.