Telemedicine in Patients Affected by Chronic Liver Disease: A Scoping Review of Clinical Outcomes and the Devices Evaluated.

For patients with chronic liver disease (CLD), telemedicine is emerging as a useful tool to prevent liver decompensation or hospitalization, allowing access to and the decentralization of care, even for patients with limited resources. However, research and attendant evidence are still lacking; thus, this review aims to systematically explore the topic of telemonitoring for CLD to describe the currently used tools and clinical outcomes. The review was conducted by using key terms on PubMed/EMBASE and searching for observational studies or clinical trials (according to PRISMA recommendations) that were published between 6 April 2013 and 6 April 2023 to keep the technological framework limited to the last 10 years.

Liver Transplantation for Unresectable Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: The Role of Sequencing Genetic Profiling.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a rare and aggressive primary liver tumor, characterized by a range of different clinical manifestations and by increasing incidence and mortality rates even after curative treatment with radical resection. In recent years, growing attention has been devoted to this disease and some evidence supports liver transplantation (LT) as an appropriate treatment for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; evolving work has also provided a framework for better understanding the genetic basis of this cancer. The aim of this study was to provide a clinical description of our series of patients complemented with Next-Generation Sequencing genomic profiling.

Endoscopic Ultrasound-guided Fine-needle Biopsy With or Without Rapid On-site Evaluation for Diagnosis of Solid Pancreatic Lesions: A Randomized Controlled Non-Inferiority Trial.

Background And Aims: The benefit of rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) on the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) has never been evaluated in a randomized study. This trial aimed to test the hypothesis that in solid pancreatic lesions (SPLs), diagnostic accuracy of EUS-FNB without ROSE was not inferior to that of EUS-FNB with ROSE.

Methods: A noninferiority study (noninferiority margin, 5%) was conducted at 14 centers in 8 countries.

Clinical and Molecular-Based Approach in the Evaluation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence after Radical Liver Resection.

Background: Hepatic resection remains the treatment of choice for patients with early-stage HCC with preserved liver function. Unfortunately, however, the majority of patients develop tumor recurrence. While several clinical factors were found to be associated with tumor recurrence, HCC pathogenesis is a complex process of accumulation of somatic genomic alterations, which leads to a huge molecular heterogeneity that has not been completely understood.

Donor Preconditioning with Inhaled Sevoflurane Mitigates the Effects of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Swine Model of Lung Transplantation.

Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) and ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) occur in up to 30% of patients undergoing lung transplantation and may impact on the clinical outcome. Several strategies for the prevention and treatment of PGD have been proposed, but with limited use in clinical practice. In this study, we investigate the potential application of sevoflurane (SEV) preconditioning to mitigate IRI after lung transplantation.

Endomyocardial fibrosis of the right ventricle: A case report of successful surgery.

Aims: The case we report, shows a successful treatment of right ventricle endomyocardial fibrosis.

Materials And Methods: Surgical therapy by endocardial decortication seems to be beneficial for many patients with advanced disease who are in functional-therapeutic class III or IV. The operative mortality rate is high, but successful surgery has a clear benefit on symptoms and seems to favourably affect survival as well.

Crucial Role of Extended Criteria Donors in Deceased Donor Single Kidney Transplantation to Face Chronic Shortage in the Heart of the Mediterranean Basin: A Single-Center Experience.

Background: The gap between organ availability and patients on the waiting list for deceased donor kidney transplants has resulted in the wide use of extended criteria donors (ECDs).We aimed to compare the surgical outcomes of single kidney transplantation (KT) performed at our institute with standard criteria donor (SCD) or ECD grafts, according to the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network definition.

Patients And Methods: Our retrospective analysis studied 115 adult recipients of KT from January 2016 to July 2018, with kidney grafts procured from adult donors after brain or circulatory death, performed at our institute.

High diagnostic adequacy and accuracy of the new 20G procore needle for EUS-guided tissue acquisition: Results of a large multicentre retrospective study.

Background And Objective: EUS-guided fine-needle biopsy has become the standard for tissue sampling. A new 20G ProCore™ (PC) needle has been developed to overcome the limitations of tissue acquisition of the smaller needles (22G, 25G) and the rigidity of the larger one (19G). The aim of this study is to assess the performance of the 20G PC needle.

Magnetic resonance imaging of fibropolycystic liver disease: the spectrum of ductal plate malformations.

Fibropolycystic liver diseases, also known as ductal plate malformations, are a group of associated congenital disorders resulting from abnormal development of the biliary ductal system. These disorders include congenital hepatic fibrosis, biliary hamartomas, polycystic liver disease, choledochal cysts and Caroli disease. Recently, it has been thought to include biliary atresia in this group of diseases, because ductal plate malformations could be implicated in the pathogenesis of this disease.

Lung resident mesenchymal cells isolated from patients with the Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome display a deregulated epigenetic profile.

Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome is the major determinant of the graft function loss after lung transplantation, but its pathogenesis is still incompletely understood and currently available therapeutic strategies are poorly effective. A deeper understanding of its pathogenic mechanisms is crucial for the development of new strategies to prevent and treat this devastating complication. In this study, we focused on the mesenchymal stromal cells, recently recognized as BOS key effectors, and our primary aim was to identify their epigenetic determinants, such as histone modifications and non-coding RNA regulation, which could contribute to their differentiation in myofibroblasts.

Liver Perfusate Natural Killer Cells From Deceased Brain Donors and Association With Acute Cellular Rejection After Liver Transplantation: A Time-to-Rejection Analysis.

Background: The ability to predict which recipients will successfully complete their posttransplant clinical course, which is crucial for liver transplant (LT) programs. The assessment of natural killer (NK) cell subset determined by flow cytometry from a monocentric series of consecutive liver perfusates could help identify risk factors portending adverse LT outcomes.

Methods: Liver perfusates were collected during the back-table surgical time after the procurement procedures for donors after brain death.

A rare case of human pulmonary dirofilariasis with nodules mimicking malignancy: approach to diagnosis and treatment.

Background: Human pulmonary dirofilariasis is a rare zoonosis caused by the dog worm Dirofilaria spp., a parasite transmitted by mosquitos and resulting in peripheral lung nodules. The filarial nematode enters the subcutaneous tissue, travels to the right ventricle and dies causing a small pulmonary infarction that may embolize through the pulmonary vessels and may appear as a solitary nodule.

HCV replication in gastrointestinal mucosa: Potential extra-hepatic viral reservoir and possible role in HCV infection recurrence after liver transplantation.

Purpose: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) predominantly infects hepatocytes, although it is known that receptors for viral entry are distributed on a wide array of target cells. Chronic HCV infection is indeed characterized by multiple non-liver manifestations, suggesting a more complex HCV tropism extended to extrahepatic tissues and remains to be fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the gastrointestinal mucosa (GIM) as a potential extrahepatic viral replication site and its contribution to HCV recurrence.

The presence of rapid on-site evaluation did not increase the adequacy and diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition of solid pancreatic lesions with core needle.

Background: Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) improves the adequacy and accuracy of EUS-guided tissue acquisition, although it is not routinely widely available. Evidence suggested that core needles might overcome the absence of ROSE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of ROSE on the adequacy and accuracy of EUS-guided tissue acquisition with core needles in patients with pancreatic solid lesions.

Mini-Invasive Approach Contributes to Expand the Indication for Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Without Increasing the Incidence of Posthepatectomy Liver Failure and Other Perioperative Complications: A Single-Center Analysis.

Background: Liver resection (LR) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the best alternative option for increasing the survival of many patients with intermediate or advanced stages of the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging classification. Mini-invasive approach may play a positive role in treating a tumor rising almost exclusively in a diseased liver.

Methods: A prospectively collected database was retrospectively reviewed for 167 consecutive patients who underwent LR between 1999 and 2015.