Public health relevance of medicines developed under paediatric legislation in Europe and the USA: a systematic mapping study.

Background: Legislation in the European Union (EU) and the USA promoting the development of paediatric medicines has contributed to new treatments for children. This study explores how such legislation responds to paediatric health needs in different country settings and globally, and whether it should be considered for wider implementation.

Methods: We searched EU and US regulatory databases for medicines with approved indications resulting from completed paediatric development between 2007 and 2018.

Overcoming denominator problems in refugee settings with fragmented electronic records for health and immigration data: a prediction-based approach.

Background: Epidemiological studies in refugee settings are often challenged by the denominator problem, i.e. lack of population at risk data.

[Early crisis response to the COVID-19 pandemic in collective accommodation facilities for refugees : Analysis of cross-actor working arrangements from the perspective of the reception authorities in Germany].

Background: Refugees in collective accommodation facilities are at increased risk of COVID-19-infections due to high occupancy density and shared spaces. It is unclear which (organisational) actors the reception authorities were working with in their crisis response and how. The aim of this paper is to examine the working arrangements between reception authorities and other actors involved in accommodation and (health) care during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and to derive recommendations for future crisis responses.

Conceptualising difference: a qualitative study of physicians' views on healthcare encounters with asylum seekers.

Objectives: In many high-income countries, structural, legal, social and political barriers to adequate healthcare interfere with the ability of health professionals to respond to the healthcare needs of a fluctuating and superdiverse population of asylum seekers. However, the relationship between individual, interpersonal and structural factors is not well understood. We explore the views and experiences of physicians working with asylum seekers in Germany and aim to identify how these may impact the provision of medical care.

Health monitoring of refugees in reception centres for asylum seekers: Decentralized surveillance network for the analysis of routine medical data.

Refugees and asylum seekers living in reception centres tend to be not adequately included in population-based studies, routine medical data and official statistics. As part of the research project 'Health and primary-care sentinel surveillance in reception- and accommodation-centres for asylum-seekers in Germany' (PriCare), a health-monitoring approach was developed for the secondary use of routine medical data from on-site outpatient clinics in reception centres. To this end, a software application (Refugee Care Manager, RefCare©) for the digitisation and harmonisation of medical records was designed and implemented in reception centres in three German federal states.

SARS-CoV-2 attack rate in reception and accommodation centres for asylum seekers during the first wave: Systematic review of outbreak media reports in Germany.

Objectives: Despite concerns about the impact of the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) in refugee camps, data on attack rates and effectiveness of containment measures are lacking. We aimed to (1) quantify the attack rate of SARS-CoV-2 during outbreaks in reception and accommodation centres in Germany during the first pandemic wave, (2) assess differences in the attack rate based on containment measures, and (3) provide an overview of testing strategies, communication, conflicts, and protection measures for refugees with special needs.

Methods: Systematic web-based review of outbreak media reports (until June 2020) on confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases in reception centres for asylum seekers in Germany using the google search engine.

Maternal mental healthcare needs of refugee women in a State Registration and Reception Centre in Germany: A descriptive study.

Pregnant refugees and new mothers are at high risk of developing mental health problems. Previous research has highlighted an increase in adverse pre-, peri- and postpartum outcomes in refugee women and their newborns. This descriptive study aimed to present the characteristics and needs of refugee women who attended a psychosocial walk-in clinic addressing pregnant refugees' and new mothers' maternity mental healthcare needs in a state registration and reception centre in Germany.

Health and medical care for refugees: design and evaluation of a multidisciplinary clinical elective for medical students.

Caring for refugee patients places special demands on health professionals. To date, medical students in Germany have rarely been systematically prepared for these challenges. This article reports on the development, conceptualisation, implementation, evaluation, and relevance of a multidisciplinary elective for medical students in the clinical study phase.

[COVID-19 in collective accommodation centres for refugees: assessment of pandemic control measures and priorities from the perspective of authorities].

Background: The containment of the COVID-19 pandemic in collective accommodation centres is crucial to maintain the physical and mental health of refugees. It is unclear what measures have been taken by authorities in this setting to reduce the risk of infection, minimise stressors for refugees during the pandemic and communicate containment measures.

Objectives: Assessment of measures that have been taken to prevent and contain SARS-CoV‑2 in collective accommodation for refugees and identification of support required by authorities.

[Healthcare provision for asylum seekers in reception centres : Qualitative survey from the perspective of healthcare providers].

During the time of increased in-migration of asylum seekers to Germany in 2015 and 2016, different models of healthcare provision were established in reception centres, often on an ad hoc basis and influenced by local actors. The goal of this study was to map different care models and identify challenges in the implementation of effective and needs-based health service structures.Data was generated through 13 semi-structured interviews and in an interactive workshop with group discussions.

Public-private knowledge transfer and access to medicines: a systematic review and qualitative study of perceptions and roles of scientists involved in HPV vaccine research.

Background: Public research organizations and their interactions with industry partners play a crucial role for public health and access to medicines. The development and commercialization of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines illustrate how licensing practices of public research organizations can contribute to high prices of the resulting product and affect accessibility to vulnerable populations. Efforts by the international community to improve access to medicines have recognised this issue and promote the public health-sensitive management of research conducted by public research organizations.

The impact of patient-held health records on continuity of care among asylum seekers in reception centres: a cluster-randomised stepped wedge trial in Germany.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a patient-held health record (PHR) for asylum seekers on the availability of health-related information.

Methods: An explorative, cluster-randomised stepped-wedge trial with reception centres as unit of randomisation was conducted. All reception centres (n=6) in two large administrative areas in South Germany with on-site health services were included.

Health monitoring among asylum seekers and refugees: a state-wide, cross-sectional, population-based study in Germany.

Background: Health monitoring in Germany falls short on generating timely, reliable and representative data among migrants, especially transient and marginalized groups such as asylum seekers and refugees (ASR). We aim to advance current health monitoring approaches and obtain reliable estimates on health status and access to essential healthcare services among ASR in Germany's third largest federal state, Baden-Württemberg.

Methods: We conducted a state-wide, cross-sectional, population-based health monitoring survey in nine languages among ASR and their children in collective accommodation centres in 44 districts.

[Health and primary care surveillance among asylum seekers in reception centres in Germany: concept, development, and implementation].

Background: Reliable data on health and primary care among asylum seekers in reception centres are not routinely available, but required to plan needs-based healthcare services.

Objectives: To present the concept, development, and implementation of a routine surveillance system in reception centres for asylum seekers.

Methods: In the scope of the project PRICARE, medical records in reception centres were standardized and digitized, and continuous surveillance was enabled by means of suitable IT infrastructure.

Early evaluation of experiences of health care providers in reception centers with a patient-held personal health record for asylum seekers: a multi-sited qualitative study in a German federal state.

Background: The provision of high-quality medical care to asylum seekers represents a key challenge in many countries of the European Union. Especially continuity of care has been difficult to achieve as the migrant trajectory moves asylum seekers across and within European countries. Patient-held personal health records (PHR) have been proposed to facilitate the transfer of medical history between health sectors and providers, but so far there is no data to support its use in the migrant setting.

Characteristics and determinants of knowledge transfer policies at universities and public institutions in medical research--protocol for a systematic review of the qualitative research literature.

Background: Universities, public institutions, and the transfer of knowledge to the private sector play a major role in the development of medical technologies. The decisions of universities and public institutions regarding the transfer of knowledge impact the accessibility of the final product, making it easier or more difficult for consumers to access these products. In the case of medical research, these products are pharmaceuticals, diagnostics, or medical procedures.