SNP genetic polymorphisms of MDR-1, CYP1A2 and CYPB11 genes in four canine breeds upon toxicological evaluation.

The fields of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics have become increasingly promising regarding the clinical application of genetic data to aid in prevention of adverse reactions. Specific screening tests can predict which animals express modified proteins or genetic sequences responsible for adverse effects associated with a drug. Among the genetic variations that have been investigated in dogs, the multidrug resistance gene (MDR) is the best studied.

Microsatellite characterization of Cimarron Uruguayo dogs.

Various genetic markers, including microsatellites, have been used to analyze the genetic polymorphism and heterozygosity in canine breeds. In this work, we used nine microsatellite markers to investigate the genetic variability in Cimarron Uruguayo dogs, the only officially recognized native canine breed in Uruguay. DNA from 30 Cimarron Uruguayo dogs from northeastern and southern Uruguay was analyzed.

Mapping and characterization of the dominant black colour locus in sheep.

Dominant black pigment synthesis in sheep is caused by alterations of the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1-R) coding sequence. Using five bovine microsatellite markers we have mapped the sheep MC1-R gene to chromosome 14, corresponding to the location in other mammalian species. The existence of two independent mutations, both causing an amino acid substitution, in distantly related breeds of sheep, support the hypothesis that the observed black pigment synthesis is caused by a mutual effect of the two mutations.