Adherence to Supervised and Unsupervised Exercise Programmes in Ageing Population with Intermittent Claudication: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

: Intermittent Claudication symptomatic peripheral arterial disease (ICSPAD) is associated with reduced mobility, functional capacity, and quality of life. Physical exercise is an effective non-pharmacological intervention for the management of ICSPAD. Adherence to exercise programs is challenging, due to the nature of the disease and the complex comorbidities associated with it.

Genetic Variants at the 9p21.3 Locus Are Associated with Risk for Non-Compressible Artery Disease: Results from the ARTPER Study.

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) and non-compressible artery disease (NCAD) constitute predictors of subclinical atherosclerosis easily assessed through the ankle brachial index (ABI). Although both diseases show substantial genetic influences, few genetic association studies have focused on the ABI and PAD, and none have focused on NCAD. To overcome these limitations, we assessed the role of several candidate genes on the ABI, both in its continuous distribution and in the clinical manifestations associated to its extreme values: PAD and NCAD.

Automated Systems for Calculating Arteriovenous Ratio in Retinographies: A Scoping Review.

There is evidence of an association between hypertension and retinal arteriolar narrowing. Manual measurement of retinal vessels comes with additional variability, which can be eliminated using automated software. This scoping review aims to summarize research on automated retinal vessel analysis systems.

[Evolution of the prevalence of peripheral artery disease in clinical practice: A descriptive population study with real databases (SIDIAP-CMBD)].

Objective: To evaluate, with real world data (SIDIAP and CMBD), the evolution of the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in the Catalan population and the cardiovascular risk factors present in people with this pathology.

Design: Longitudinal descriptive population study. SITE: Primary health care.

Supervised physical activity in patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease: protocol for a randomized clinical trial (ARTPERfit Study).

Introduction: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a marker of cardiovascular morbidity, causing disability, loss of mobility and poor quality of life, manifesting clinically in the form of intermittent claudication (IC). Physical exercise increases the distance walked and improves quality of life. The aim of our study will be increased walking distance prolonging the time of onset of pain in patients with symptomatic PAD (IC).

Relationship between Retinal Microvasculature, Cardiovascular Risk and Silent Brain Infarction in Hypertensive Patients.

Objective: The aims of this study are to analyze the role of artery-vein ratio AVR assessment using VesselMap 2 software (Imedos Systems) and cardiovascular risk evaluation by means of REGICOR in the prediction of silent brain infarction (SBI) in middle-age hypertensive patients from the ISSYS study.

Material And Methods: A cross-sectional study with 695 patients with hypertension aged 50 to 70 years who participated in the project (ISSYS), was conducted in two Primary Care Centres of Barcelona. Participants agreed to a retinography and an MRI to detect silent brain infarction (SBI).

Long-Term Morbidity and Mortality after First and Recurrent Cardiovascular Events in the ARTPER Cohort.

Background: Cardiovascular events are a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The risk of recurrence after a first cardiovascular event has been documented in the international literature, although not as extensively in a Mediterranean population-based cohort with low cardiovascular risk. There is also ample, albeit contradictory, research on the recurrence of stroke and myocardial infarctions (MI) after a first event and the factors associated with such recurrence, including the role of pathological Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI).

Sex-Specific Protective Effects of APOE ε2 on Cognitive Performance.

Apolipoprotein E (APOE) has an important role in the multiple trajectories of cognitive aging. However, environmental variables and other genes mediate the impact of APOE on cognition. Our main objective was to analyze the effect of APOE genotype on cognition and its interactions and relationships with sex, age, lipid profile, C-reactive protein, and Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) genotype in a sample of 648 healthy participants over 50 years of age with a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment.

[Reliability of retinography for the detection of hypertensive retinopathy in Primary Care].

Objective: High blood pressure is one of the most prevalent diseases in general adult population. Its importance lies in the complications it causes in target organs such as kidney, heart, brain and eye. The aim of this work is to evaluate the agreement in the evaluation and interpretation of retinographies of hypertensive patients by family doctors and ophthalmologists.

Effects and Mechanisms of Cognitive, Aerobic Exercise, and Combined Training on Cognition, Health, and Brain Outcomes in Physically Inactive Older Adults: The Projecte Moviment Protocol.

Introduction: Age-related health, brain, and cognitive impairment is a great challenge in current society. Cognitive training, aerobic exercise and their combination have been shown to benefit health, brain, cognition and psychological status in healthy older adults. Inconsistent results across studies may be related to several variables.

Low, borderline and normal ankle-brachial index as a predictor of incidents outcomes in the Mediterranean based-population ARTPER cohort after 9 years follow-up.

Background: Guidelines recommended adopting the same cardiovascular risk modification strategies used for coronary disease in case of low Ankle-brachial index (ABI), but here exist few studies on long-term cardiovascular outcomes in patients with borderline ABI and even fewer on the general population.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationship between long-term cardiovascular events and low, borderline and normal ABI after a 9-year follow up of a Mediterranean population with low cardiovascular risk.

Design And Setting: A population-based prospective cohort study was performed in the province of Barcelona, Spain.

Safety of cilostazol in peripheral artery disease: a cohort from a primary healthcare electronic database.

Background: Cilostazol has been associated with spontaneous reports of cardiovascular adverse events and serious bleeding. The objective of this study is to determine the relative risk of cardiovascular adverse events or haemorrhages in patients with peripheral artery disease treated with cilostazol in comparison to pentoxifylline users.

Methods: Population-based cohort study including all individuals older than 40 who initiated cilostazol or pentoxifylline during 2009-2011 in SIDIAP database.

Correction: Contribution of the ankle-brachial index to improve the prediction of coronary risk: The ARTPER cohort.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Contribution of the ankle-brachial index to improve the prediction of coronary risk: The ARTPER cohort.

Background: The different cardiovascular risk prediction scales currently available are not sufficiently sensitive.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to analyze the contribution of the ankle-brachial index (ABI) added to the Framingham and REGICOR risk scales for the reclassification of cardiovascular risk after a 9-year follow up of a Mediterranean population with low cardiovascular risk.

Design And Setting: A population-based prospective cohort study was performed in the province of Barcelona, Spain.

Evolution and degree of control of cardiovascular risk factors after 5 years of follow-up and their relationship with the incidence of peripheral arterial disease: ARTPER cohort.

Background And Objective: Although cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) are well known, their degree of control is not optimal. The aim of this study is to assess the evolution and control of CVRFs after 5 years of monitoring a population-based cohort and their association with the incidence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD).

Material And Method: Prospective cohort study recruited between 2006-2008.

Incidence of peripheral arterial disease in the ARTPER population cohort after 5 years of follow-up.

Background: To know the epidemiology (prevalence, incidence, progression and morbidity and mortality associated) of peripheral artery disease in general population and the factors associated with this progression is essential to know the evolution of atherosclerosis and develop preventive strategies. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of PAD after 5 years of follow-up population-based cohort ARTPER, and the evolution of Ankle brachial Index (ABI) in this period.

Methods: Peripheral artery disease incidence analysis after 5 years of follow-up of 3786 subjects > 50 years old.

Impairment of functional integration of the default mode network correlates with cognitive outcome at three months after stroke.

Resting-state studies conducted with stroke patients are scarce. The study of brain activity and connectivity at rest provides a unique opportunity for the investigation of brain rewiring after stroke and plasticity changes. This study sought to identify dynamic changes in the functional organization of the default mode network (DMN) of stroke patients at three months after stroke.

Remote thalamic microstructural abnormalities related to cognitive function in ischemic stroke patients.

Objective: Ischemic stroke can lead to a continuum of cognitive sequelae, ranging from mild vascular cognitive impairment to vascular dementia. These cognitive deficits can be influenced by the disruption of cortico-subcortical circuits. We sought to explore remote thalamic microstructural abnormalities and their association with cognitive function after ischemic stroke.

[Concordance between 3 methods of measurement the ankle-brachial index to diagnose peripheral artery disease].

Background And Objectives: To determine the concordance of the ankle-brachial index (ABI) determined by automatic measurements (sphygmomanometer Omron and the triple cuff device) using doppler as the gold-standard, computing as well as sensitivity and specificity.

Patients And Methods: ARTPER population cohort subjects, classified as peripheral arterial disease (PAD) if ABI<0.9, calcified if ABI≥1.

Ankle-brachial index and the incidence of cardiovascular events in the Mediterranean low cardiovascular risk population ARTPER cohort.

Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) of the lower limbs is a cardiovascular disease highly prevalent particularly in the asymptomatic form. Its prevalence starts to be a concern in low coronary risk countries like Spain. Few studies have analyzed the relationship between ankle-brachial index (ABI) and cardiovascular morbi-mortality in low cardiovascular risk countries like Spain where we observe significant low incidence of ischemic heart diseases together with high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors.

Asymptomatic cervicocerebral atherosclerosis, intracranial vascular resistance and cognition: the AsIA-neuropsychology study.

Background And Purpose: Carotid atherosclerosis has emerged as a relevant contributor to cognitive impairment and dementia whereas the role of intracranial stenosis and vascular resistance in cognition remains unknown. This study aims to assess the association of asymptomatic cervicocerebral atherosclerosis and intracranial vascular resistance with cognitive performance in a large dementia-free population.

Methods: The Barcelona-AsIA (Asymptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerosis) Neuropsychology Study included 747 Caucasian subjects older than 50 with a moderate-high vascular risk (assessed by REGICOR score) and without history of neither symptomatic vascular disease nor dementia.

Estimating the risk of peripheral artery disease using different population strategies.

Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the clinical performance of different strategies, REASON, PREVALENT, Inter-Society Consensus (ISC), and the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) Guidelines, in the selection of candidates for peripheral artery disease (PAD) screening using ankle-brachial index (ABI).

Method: Our work is a population-based cross-sectional study conducted in Extremadura (Spain) in 2007-2009. Participants were ≥50years old and free of cardiovascular disease.

Measurement of the ankle brachial index with a non-mercury sphygmomanometer in diabetic patients: a concordance study.

Background: The removal of mercury sphygmomanometers from health centers requires the validation of other instruments to measure blood pressure in the limbs to calculate the ankle-brachial index (ABI).

Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study of agreement between two measurement methods in type 2 diabetes patients from three urban primary healthcare centres in the Barcelonès Nord i Maresme area (Catalonia, Spain).

Results: 211 patients were included, from these, 421 limbs were available for study.

[Correlation between toe-brachial index and ankle-brachial index in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2].

Background And Objective: We aimed to know the prevalence of abnormal toe-brachial index (TBI) in a group of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). We also aimed to know the correlation between TBI and the ankle-brachial index (ABI) in these patients and determine the abnormal value of TBI.

Patients And Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in primary care.

[Prevalence of arterial calcification and related risk factors. The multicenter population-based ARTPER study].

Objective: To determine the prevalence of arterial calcification (ankle-brachial index ≥1.4) and its related factors among the general population aged >49 years.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of 3,786 people randomly selected from 28 centers.