Midwives' interventions for reducing fear of childbirth in pregnant women: a scoping review.

Objective: The objective of this review was to map and analyze midwives' interventions for reducing fear of childbirth in pregnant women.

Introduction: Fear of childbirth is a phenomenon negatively affecting women's health and well-being before and during pregnancy. Over the past few decades, there has been growing research interest in interventions for reducing fear of childbirth in pregnant women.

Citizen involvement in scientific activities and extension of knowledge to society.

High-quality health research must involve the citizen, bringing merit, relevance, and value to research and ensuring the transfer of new knowledge or outputs to the community. This theoretical study aimed to conceptualize and discuss the role of Citizen Involvement and Extension to Society in research processes and outcomes, revealing that both concepts have different purposes. Research units and research funding agencies are promoting Citizen Involvement in all steps of the research process because it adds quality to it.

Midwifery interventions to reduce fear of childbirth in pregnant women: a scoping review protocol.

Objective: The objective of the review is to map and analyze midwifery interventions to reduce fear of childbirth in pregnant women.

Introduction: Fear of childbirth is a phenomenon negatively affecting women's health and well-being before and during pregnancy, as well as after childbirth. During the previous few decades, there has been a growing interest in research into interventions to reduce the fear of childbirth in childbearing women.

Adaptation and validation into Portuguese language of the six-item cognitive impairment test (6CIT).

Background: The six-item cognitive impairment test (6CIT) is a brief cognitive screening tool that can be administered to older people in 2-3 min.

Objective: To adapt the 6CIT for the European Portuguese and determine its psychometric properties based on a sample recruited from several contexts (nursing homes; universities for older people; day centres; primary health care units).

Method: The original 6CIT was translated into Portuguese and the draft Portuguese version (6CIT-P) was back-translated and piloted.

Analysis of a health team's records and nurses' perceptions concerning signs and symptoms of delirium.

This study investigates the extent of under-diagnosis of acute confusion/delirium by analyzing the records of a health team and the perception of nurses concerning this phenomenon. This quantitative study was developed in a central university hospital in Portugal and used the documentary and interview techniques. The sample obtained through the application of the NeeCham's scale was composed of 111 patients with the diagnosis of acute confusion/delirium hospitalized in the medical and surgical acute care units.