Identification of Faba bean genetic loci associated with quantitative resistance to the fungus , causal agent of chocolate spot.

Introduction: Chocolate spot, caused by the ascomycete fungus , is a devastating foliar disease and a major constraint on the quality and yield of faba beans (). The use of fungicides is the primary strategy for controlling the disease. However, high levels of partial genetic resistance have been identified and can be exploited to mitigate the disease.

Phoma glomerata as causal agent of crown rot disease of fennel in southern Italy.

In the autumn seasons of the years 2005 and 2006 millions of fennel seedlings under greenhouse in nurseries where observed in Basilicata, Calabria, Campania and Apulia Regions, southern Italy, with serious symptoms of damping off and root necrosis. The basal part of seedling stem was much thinner than the uninvaded parts above it and the crown was brown and shrink. The incidence of disease reached values ut to 100% in some blocks where the humidity was higher, and seedlings attached earlier died.