Colonic manometry and colonic scintigraphy as a diagnostic tool for children with severe constipation.

Objective: In adults, colonic manometry and colonic scintigraphy are both valuable studies in discriminating normal and abnormal colonic motility. The objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic yield and tolerability of colonic manometry and colonic scintigraphy in children with severe constipation.

Methods: Twenty-six children (mean age 11.

Rectal examination in children: digital versus transabdominal ultrasound.

Purpose: We investigate 2 diagnostic tests to assess the rectal filling state.

Materials And Methods: The rectal filling state was assessed with transabdominal ultrasound or with digital rectal examination by 2 independent investigators in children with urological problems before a scheduled diagnostic or surgical urological procedure. A dilated rectum filled with stool or large amounts of (usually) hard stool were both considered as a rectal fecal mass.

Management of functional constipation in children with lower urinary tract symptoms: report from the Standardization Committee of the International Children's Continence Society.

Purpose: We present a consensus view of members of the International Children's Continence Society (ICCS) together with pediatric gastroenterologists, experts in the field of functional gastrointestinal disorders, on the management of functional constipation in children with lower urinary tract symptoms.

Materials And Methods: Discussions were held by the board of the ICCS and a multidisciplinary core group of authors was appointed. The draft document review process was open to all ICCS members via the website.

Functional nonretentive fecal incontinence: do enemas help?

Objective: To assess the current treatment of functional nonretentive fecal incontinence, which consists of education, toilet training, and positive motivation.

Study Design: Patients, age 6 years and older, referred for fecal incontinence (FI) and diagnosed with functional nonretentive fecal incontinence were eligible candidates. Seventy-one children (76% boys, median age 9.

Functional defecation disorders in children with lower urinary tract symptoms.

Purpose: We assessed the prevalence of functional defecation disorders, such as functional constipation and functional nonretentive fecal incontinence, in children referred to a tertiary pediatric urology outpatient clinic for lower urinary tract symptoms.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed the charts of 4 to 17-year-old patients evaluated due to lower urinary tract symptoms. All patients received a standardized bowel questionnaire and physical examination.

Functional defecation disorders in children: comparing the Rome II with the Rome III criteria.

Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of pediatric functional defecation disorders (FDD) using the Rome III criteria and to compare these data with those obtained using Rome II criteria.

Study Design: A chart review was performed in patients referred to a tertiary outpatient clinic with symptoms of constipation and/or fecal incontinence. All patients received a standardized bowel questionnaire and physical examination, including rectal examination.

The care of constipated children in primary care in different countries.

Aim: To investigate and compare the approach to childhood constipation by primary care physicians (PCP) in three Western countries to give insight into adherence to current guidelines and in actual care.

Methods: Prospective study utilizing a two-page survey regarding the approach to children suspected to have functional constipation (FC). A total of 413 of 1016 (41%) distributed surveys were returned out of which 383 were suitable for analysis.

Effect of rectal distention on lower urinary tract function in children.

Purpose: We investigated the effect of rectal distention on lower urinary tract function.

Materials And Methods: Children were assigned to a constipation and lower urinary tract symptoms group or to a lower urinary tract symptoms only group. The definition of constipation was based on pediatric Rome III criteria.

Functional nonretentive fecal incontinence in children: a frustrating and long-lasting clinical entity.

Fecal incontinence is defined as the passage of stools in an inappropriate place at least once per month, for a minimum period of 2 months. This frustrating symptom is a source of considerable distress and embarrassment for the child and the family. According to the Rome III criteria fecal incontinence can be subdivided into constipation-associated fecal incontinence and functional nonretentive fecal incontinence.

Bowel habits and toilet training in a diverse population of children.

Objectives: To gather data concerning bowel habits and toilet training of developmentally normal children ages 5 to 8 years.

Methods: A questionnaire containing information on age, race, and sex was completed anonymously by a parent in 9 pediatric practices. Recall information was elicited about onset and completion of toilet training, frequency and quality of stooling, size of bowel movements, and behavioral components of defecation.