Optimal Dose and Type of Physical Activity to Improve Glycemic Control in People Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: The optimal dose or type of physical activity to control glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in people with diabetes remains unknown. Current guidelines do not include consideration of baseline HbA1c for activity prescription.

Purpose: To examine the dose-response relationship between physical activity and HbA1c (%) in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Optimal dose and type of physical activity to improve functional capacity and minimise adverse events in acutely hospitalised older adults: a systematic review with dose-response network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Objective: To identify the optimal dose and type of physical activity to improve functional capacity and reduce adverse events in acutely hospitalised older adults.

Design: Systematic review and Bayesian model-based network meta-analysis.

Data Sources: Four databases were searched from inception to 20 June 2022.

Exercise to treat psychopathology and other clinical outcomes in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Psychopathology and side effects of antipsychotic drugs contribute to worsening physical health and long-term disability, and increasing the risk of mortality in these patients. The efficacy of exercise on these factors is not fully understood, and this lack of knowledge may hamper the routine application of physical activity as part of the clinical care of schizophrenia.

Aims: To determine the effect of exercise on psychopathology and other clinical markers in patients with schizophrenia.

Associations between Hospitalization and Device-Assessed Physical Activity in a Representative Sample of Older Adults.

Background: Evidence investigating associations between hospitalization and physical activity is scarce and limited to specific populations of older adults.

Objective: The current study aimed to describe the impact of past hospitalization on current physical activity levels of a large representative sample of European older adults with accelerometry data.

Methods: A representative sample of 856 European older adults aged 50 years and over was included in this study.

High Fragmented Physical Activity as an Early Risk Indicator of Frailty and Mortality in Adults Aged 50 Years and Over.

Introduction: This study aimed to explore the associations of activity fragmentation with frailty status and all-cause mortality in a representative US sample of people 50 years and over.

Methods: This prospective study used data from the 2003-2006 waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Participants 50 years or over were included in the study (n = 2,586).

Replacing Sedentary Behavior With Physical Activity of Different Intensities: Implications for Physical Function, Muscle Function, and Disability in Octogenarians Living in Long-Term Care Facilities.

Background: We investigated the associations of replacing sedentary behavior (SB) with physical activity of different intensities on the physical function of octogenarians living in long-term care facilities.

Methods: This pooled study recruited 427 older adults aged 80 years and older (69.1% female; body mass index: 27.

Optimal dose and type of exercise to improve cognitive function in older adults: A systematic review and bayesian model-based network meta-analysis of RCTs.

Objective: To examine the dose-response relationship between overall and specific types of exercise with cognitive function in older adults.

Design: Systematic Review and Bayesian Model-Based Network Meta-Analysis.

Data Sources: Systematic search of MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO and SPORTDiscus.

Can Physical Activity Make Up for the Self-Care Disability Effects of Too Much Sitting? A Moderation Analysis in Octogenarians Residing in Living Care Facilities.

Background And Purpose: Physical activity can delay the progression of self-care disability in older adults residing in living care facilities. Nonetheless, older adults residing in living care facilities spend most of their time sedentary and do not meet the physical activity recommendation, which may result in increasing self-care disability in this population group. In this study, we aimed to determine whether the association between sedentary time and self-care disability was moderated by moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in older adults residing in living care facilities.

Impact of Social Isolation on Physical Functioning Among Older Adults: A 9-Year Longitudinal Study of a U.S.-Representative Sample.

Introduction: Social isolation among older adults is associated with poor health and premature mortality, but its impact on physical functioning is not fully understood. Previous studies have typically relied on community samples, cross-sectional data, and suboptimal prospective designs. This study generates more robust evidence by investigating the longitudinal associations between social isolation and physical functioning in a large panel of older adults.

Bidirectional and Dynamic Relationships Between Social Isolation and Physical Functioning Among Older Adults: A Cross-Lagged Panel Model of US National Survey Data.

Background: Previous studies examining unidirectional relationships between social isolation and physical functioning among older adults may be biased due to reverse causality. This study leveraged data from a US national sample of older adults and a novel estimation method to identify bidirectional associations between these 2 phenomena and their associated temporal dynamics.

Methods: The analyses were based on 9 waves of panel data from a sample of adults aged 65 and older from the US National Health and Aging Trends Study (n = 12 427 individuals) and a cross-lagged panel model.

Cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and circulating white blood cells in US youth.

The white blood cell (WBC) provides a clue to the presence of illness. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and physical activity levels are negatively associated with circulating total WBC counts in adults. To date, only a scarce number of studies have investigated these associations among youths.

Is the Wii balance board a valid and reliable instrument to assess postural stability in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Aims: Evaluate the validity and reliability of the data from the Wii balance board (WBB), against a force platform (FP) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: Forty-three adults with T2DM (age 62.1 ± 12.

Lifestyle behaviors predict adolescents bullying victimization in low and middle-income countries.

Background: In this study we aimed to provide a global perspective of the association between different lifestyle behaviors and bullying in school adolescents and to ascertain whether or not the Human Development Index moderated those associations.

Methods: Data from the Global school-based Student Health Survey were analyzed in 273 121 from 82 countries. Logistic regression was applied to determine country-specific bullying victimization probability from meeting the recommended guidelines for physical activity, excessive sitting time, physical education attendance and active transport.

Integrating Sleep, Physical Activity, and Diet Quality to Estimate All-Cause Mortality Risk: A Combined Compositional Clustering and Survival Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2006 Cycle.

We aimed to compare all-cause mortality risk across clusters of adults ≥50 years of age (n = 1,035) with common lifestyle behaviors patterns, enrolled in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2006). Log-ratio coordinates of 24-hour movement pattern and z scores of diet quality were used as input into a model-based clustering analysis. A Cox regression model was fitted to ascertain the all-cause mortality risk associated with each cluster.

Sedentary behaviour is associated with depression symptoms: Compositional data analysis from a representative sample of 3233 US adults and older adults assessed with accelerometers.

Background: Evidence supporting the individual associations of sedentary behaviours with depression symptoms commonly ignores the inherent co-dependency between physical activity, sedentary behaviours and sleep in a given 24-hour period. Data analysis based on compositional methods effectively deals with this issue.

Aim: To investigate the association between sedentary behaviour and depression symptoms synergistically using compositional analysis methods.

Effects of Whole-Body Vibration on Functional Mobility, Balance, Gait Strength, and Quality of Life in Institutionalized Older People: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

The aim of this study was to quantify the effect of whole-body vibration on balance, functional mobility, gait, functional performance, and quality of life in institutionalized older people. Eight databases were systematically reviewed, as recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration. This systematic review was designed to answer the acronym set by the participants, interventions, comparators, and outcomes (PICO)-model.

Replacing Sedentary Time: Meta-analysis of Objective-Assessment Studies.

Context: The aim was to summarize estimates of the potential benefits for cardiometabolic risk markers and all-cause mortality of replacing time spent in sedentary behaviors with light-intensity physical activity or with moderate to vigorous physical activity, from studies using device-based measurement.

Evidence Acquisition: Four databases covering the period up to December 2016 were searched and analyzed (February 2017). Data were extracted by two independent reviewers.

Factors Associated with the Risk of Falls of Nursing Home Residents Aged 80 or Older.

Background: Falls are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in older and represents one of the major and most costly public health problems worldwide.

Purpose: Evaluate the influences of lower limb muscle performance, static balance, functional independence and quality of life on fall risk as assessed with the timed up and go (TUG) test.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Depression symptoms are associated with key health outcomes in women with fibromyalgia: a cross-sectional study.

Aim: To analyze the association between depression severity and other fibromyalgia- (FM) related symptoms such as pain, fatigue, sleep problems, severity of the disease, activity pattern, functional capacity and quality of life.

Method: The sample included 105 Spanish women with FM. Quality of life was assessed by means of the EQ-5D and symptom severity by the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire.

Effects of supervised whole body vibration exercise on fall risk factors, functional dependence and health-related quality of life in nursing home residents aged 80+.

Objective: To test the feasibility and effectiveness of whole-body vibration (WBV) therapy on fall risk, functional dependence and health-related quality of life in nursing home residents aged 80+ years.

Design: Twenty-nine 80-95 years old volunteers, nursing home residents were randomized to an eight-week WBV intervention group) (n=15) or control group (n=14). Functional mobility was assessed using the timed up and go (TUG) test.

Effects of a 12-wk whole-body vibration based intervention to improve type 2 diabetes.

Objective: To test the feasibility, safety and effectiveness of a 12-wk whole body vibration (WBV) intervention on glycemic control, lipid-related cardiovascular risk factors and functional capacity among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in a primary care context.

Methods: Fifty non-insulin dependent T2DM patients were randomized 1:1 to an intervention group that, in addition to standard care, received a 12-wk WBV intervention, and a control group receiving only standard care (from February 2012 through May 2012). Outcomes, including glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose, lipid-related cardiovascular risk factors (i.

A primary care-based randomized controlled trial of 12-week whole-body vibration for balance improvement in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To determine whether a 12-week whole-body vibration (WBV) training program improved balance in participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Primary health care setting.

Test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores for fitness assessment in older adults with type 2 diabetes.

Purpose: To assess the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and to determine the minimal detectable change (MDC95 ) scores of the data for the Hand Grip Strength Test, the Chair Sit and Reach Test (CSRT), the Timed "Up and Go" (TUG) test, the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and 30 seconds Sit to Stand Test (30s-STS) test in older adults with type 2 NIDDM.

Design: Test-retest reliability.

Methods: Eighteen subject participated in two sessions (1 week apart), which included the different tests.

Whole body vibration training improves leg blood flow and adiposity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

This study aimed at examined the effect of a 12-week whole body vibration (WBV) training program on leg blood flow and body composition in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Forty participants were randomly assigned to either a WBV training group (WBV; n = 20) or usual-care control group (CON; n = 20). Body composition [waist circumference, waist to hip ratio (WHR), weight, height, percentage of body fat and fat-free mass], heart rate, and blood flow [femoral artery diameter, maximum systolic velocity, maximum diastolic velocity (DV), time averaged mean, pulsatility index and resistance index (RI), mean velocity (V med), and peak blood velocities (PBV)] were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks.