Nanocrystals as an emerging nanocarrier for the management of dermatological diseases.

Skin conditions are amongst the most prevalent health issues in the world and come with a heavy economic, social, and psychological burden. Incurable and chronic skin conditions like eczema, psoriasis, fungal infections are linked to major morbidity in the manner of physical pain and a reduction in quality life of patients. Several drugs have difficulties for penetrating the skin due to the barrier mechanism of the skin layers and the incompatible physicochemical characteristics of the drugs.

Melatonin-Caffeine Combination Modulates Gamma Radiation-induced Sperm Malformations in C57BL/6 Male Mice at Sublethal Dose of Gamma Radiation.

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the protective effect of the melatonin-caffeine combination against γ radiation-induced alterations in the morphological characteristics of sperms.

Settings And Design: C57BL/6 male mice ( = 30) were randomly divided into five groups: control, radiation (2 Gy), melatonin (100 mg/kg body wt.) + radiation (2 Gy), caffeine (30 mg/kg body wt.

Role of phytoconstituents in the management of COVID-19.

Background: COVID-19, a severe global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged as one of the most threatening transmissible disease. As a great threat to global public health, the development of treatment options has become vital, and a rush to find a cure has mobilized researchers globally from all areas.

Scope And Approach: This review focuses on deciphering the potential of different secondary metabolites from medicinal plants as therapeutic options either as inhibitors of therapeutic targets of SARS-CoV-2 or as blockers of viral particles entry through host cell receptors.

Antimicrobial activity of a novel polyherbal combination for the treatment of vaginal infection.

The present study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of (AI), (CI), and (TFG) against bacterial and fungal pathogens responsible for the vaginal infections. The AI, CI, and TFG were selected to include antimicrobial and antifungal action against wide range of microbes. The different extracts of the herbs were evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal activity by well diffusion assays.

A Comparative Study of Chitosan Gel and Soframycin in the Management of Wounds.

Wounds and related injuries remain a major cause of death and disability. Healing of wound is a complex, highly regulated process that includes cellular, molecular, biochemical, and physiological events that permit living organisms to repair accidental lesions. Therefore, dealing with wounds has always been a subject of concern to the world, and demand for products in wound management had increased to $9.

Lungs deposition and pharmacokinetic study of submicron budesonide particles in Wistar rats intended for immediate effect in asthma.

The purpose of the present investigation was to study the aerosolization, lungs deposition and pharmacokinetic study of inhalable submicron particles of budesonide in male Wistar rats. Submicron particles were prepared by antisolvent nanoprecipitation method and freeze-dried to obtain free flowing powder. The freeze-drying process yielded dry powder with desirable aerodynamic properties for inhalation therapy.

Diffuse reflectance near infrared-chemometric methods development and validation of amoxicillin capsule formulations.

Objective: The aim of present study was to establish near infrared-chemometric methods that could be effectively used for quality profiling through identification and quantification of amoxicillin (AMOX) in formulated capsule which were similar to commercial products. In order to evaluate a large number of market products easily and quickly, these methods were modeled.

Materials And Methods: Thermo Scientific Antaris II near infrared analyzer with TQ Analyst Chemometric Software were used for the development and validation of the identification and quantification models.

Revisiting the nanoformulation design approach for effective delivery of topotecan in its stable form: an appraisal of its in vitro Behavior and tumor amelioration potential.

Topotecan (TPT) is indicated against a variety of solid tumors, but has restricted clinical use owing to associated pharmaceutical caveats. This study is focused at formulating a successful TPT PLGA nanosystem which ameliorates the rapid conversion of active lactone form of drug to its inactive carboxylate form and consequently improvises its efficacy. TPT PLGA nanoparticles were formulated by a double emulsion-solvent evaporation technique with sequential optimization to obtain desired particle size, PDI, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency.

Modulation of liver and kidney toxicity by herb Withania somnifera for silver nanoparticles: a novel approach for harmonizing between safety and use of nanoparticles.

In the present study, toxicity of nanoparticles is evaluated for assessing their effect on liver and kidney. We have synthesized highly mono-disperse spherical and rod-shaped silver nanoparticles using reverse microemulsion and aqueous phase methods. These were characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometer, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscope confirming the formation of different sizes of spherical-shaped and rod-shaped silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs).

Dorzolamide-loaded PLGA/vitamin E TPGS nanoparticles for glaucoma therapy: Pharmacoscintigraphy study and evaluation of extended ocular hypotensive effect in rabbits.

Poor drug penetration and rapid clearance after topical instillation of a drug formulation into the eyes are the major causes for the lower ocular bioavailability from conventional eye drops. Along with this, poor encapsulation efficiency of hydrophilic drug in polymeric nanoparticles remains a major formulation challenge. Taking this perspective into consideration, dorzolamide (DZ)-loaded PLGA nanoparticles were developed employing two different emulsifiers (PVA and vitamin E TPGS) and the effects of various formulation and process variables on particle size and encapsulation efficiency were assessed.

A validated stability-indicating LC method for estimation of etoposide in bulk and optimized self-nano emulsifying formulation: Kinetics and stability effects.

The present investigation was aimed to establish a validated stability-indicating liquid chromatographic method for the estimation of etoposide (ETP) in bulk drug and self-nano emulsifying formulation. ETP was successfully separated from the degradation products formed under stress conditions on LiChrospher 100 C18 reverse-phase column (a 250 mm × 4.6 mm i.

Self-nanoemulsifying lipid carrier system for enhancement of oral bioavailability of etoposide by P-glycoprotein modulation: in vitro cell line and in vivo pharmacokinetic investigation.

The purpose of this work is intended to investigate the potential of self-nanoemulsifying (SNE) drug delivery system for enhanced oral bioavailability of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (P-gp) modulation. The components of SNE formulation were optimized by their solubilization and emulsification efficiency. The ternary phase diagrams provided nanoemulsion existence ranges and the corresponding formulations were developed and evaluated via thermodynamic and dispersibility tests.

Nanoparticles laden in situ gel for sustained ocular drug delivery.

Proper availability of drug on to corneal surface is a challenging task. However, due to ocular physiological barriers, conventional eye drops display poor ocular bioavailability of drugs (< 1%). To improve precorneal residence time and ocular penetration, earlier our group developed and evaluated in situ gel and nanoparticles for ocular delivery.

Collagen loaded nano-sized surfactant based dispersion for topical application: formulation development, characterization and safety study.

Collagen, a high molecular weight, hydrophilic and highly abundant protein is known to have anti-ageing, anti-wrinkle, anti-acne, anti-scar and wound healing properties. High molecular weight and hydrophilic nature hinder its effective topical delivery. So, the objective of present study was to develop effective topical nano-surfactant dispersion (NSD) for collagen delivery.

Role of CD44 in tumour progression and strategies for targeting.

CD44 or hyaluronan receptor is a transmembrane receptor associated with aggressive tumour growth, proliferation, and metastasis. In normal physiology, this receptor has a crucial role in cell adhesion, inflammation, and repair processes. However, many tumour cells over-express this receptor and abuse it to become progressive and perpetual units.

Aerodynamics and deposition effects of inhaled submicron drug aerosol in airway diseases.

Particle engineering is the prime focus to improve pulmonary drug targeting with the splendor of nanomedicines. In recent years, submicron particles have emerged as prettyful candidate for improved fludisation and deposition. For effective deposition, the particle size must be in the range of 0.

Development and validation of a stability-indicating method for determination of free sterols in the Asian medicinal leech Hirudo manillensis.

A rapid, simple, sensitive, selective, precise and robust thin-layer chromatography densitometric method for the determination of free sterols in leech was developed and validated on silica gel layer using carbon tetrachloride-methanol-formic acid (9.5:1.5:0.

Stabilized terbutaline submicron drug aerosol for deep lungs deposition: drug assay, pulmonokinetics and biodistribution by UHPLC/ESI-q-TOF-MS method.

Terbutaline submicron particles (SμTBS) were prepared by nanoprecipitation technique followed by spray drying for deep lungs deposition. Inhalable SμTBS particles were 645.16 nm of diameter with 0.

Therapeutic stratagems for vascular degenerative disorders of the posterior eye.

In this review we discuss insights into therapeutic stratagems that can selectively target the choroid, retinal cells and vitreoretinal space for the treatment of vision-threatening vascular degenerative disorders of the posterior eye. Despite the relative success of these novel drugs, new problems related to its delivery remain. Systems carrying drugs to the target site, such as nanoparticles, liposomes, vectosomes, spanlastics, micelles, dendrimers and implants are also discussed.

Enhanced antimalarial activity of lumefantrine nanopowder prepared by wet-milling DYNO MILL technique.

Lumefantrine (LMF) is an antimalarial drug that exhibits poor oral bioavailability, owing to its poor aqueous solubility. To improve its antimalarial activity, nanopowder formulation using DYNO MILL was prepared. Combination of HPMC E3 (4%, w/v) and Tween 80 (2.

Dual approach utilizing self microemulsifying technique and novel P-gp inhibitor for effective delivery of taxanes.

In the present work, concomitant use of self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) and a novel third-generation P-gp inhibitor, GF120918 (elacridar), for the effective transport of taxanes (paclitaxel and docetaxel) across an in vitro model of the intestinal epithelium and uptake into tumor cells were investigated. On the basis of solubility studies and ternary phase diagrams, different SMEDDS formulations of taxanes were prepared and characterized. In caco-2 cell permeation study, paclitaxel-loaded SMEDDS along with GF120918 showed a four-fold increase in apparent permeability, while docetaxel-loaded SMEDDS in combination with GF120918 showed a nine-fold increase in permeability, as compared to plain drug solution.

Oil based nanocarrier system for transdermal delivery of ropinirole: a mechanistic, pharmacokinetic and biochemical investigation.

Ropinirole, a recent introduction in the clinical treatment of Parkinson's disease, suffers with the problems of low oral bioavailability and frequent dosing. An effective transdermal nano-emulsion drug delivery system can however resolve these issues effectively with greater therapeutic benefits and clinical significance. Therefore, the present work focuses precisely on pharmacokinetic, biochemical and mechanistic assessment of transdermal nanoemulsion gel in rats induced with Parkinson lesioned brain by 6-OHDA.

Feasibility of Assam Bora rice starch as a compression coat of 5-fluorouracil core tablet for colorectal cancer.

The colon and rectum are the parts of digestive system of human beings. Cancer affecting either of these organs may be called colorectal cancers. Conventional cancer chemotherapy is not very effective for treatment of colorectal cancer, as the drug molecule does not reach the target site at therapeutic concentration, on the other side they produces sever systemic toxic effect.

Enhanced bioavailability of nano-sized chitosan-atorvastatin conjugate after oral administration to rats.

A novel approach to improve the bioavailability and stability of atorvastatin (AT) was developed by constructing a nano-sized polymer-atorvastatin conjugate. Firstly, a novel chitosan-atorvastatin (CH-AT) conjugate was efficiently synthesized through amide coupling reaction. The formation of conjugate was confirmed by (1)H NMR and FT-IR spectrometry.

Development and evaluation of nanosized niosomal dispersion for oral delivery of Ganciclovir.

Encapsulation of Ganciclovir in lipophilic vesicular structure may be expected to enhance the oral absorption and prolong the existence of the drug in the systemic circulation. So the purpose of the present study was to improve the oral bioavailability of Ganciclovir by preparing nanosized niosomal dispersion. Niosomes were prepared from Span40, Span60, and Cholesterol in the molar ratio of 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, and 3:2 using reverse evaporation method.