The role of laparoscopy in the treatment of early ovarian carcinoma.

Laparoscopic management of early ovarian cancer (EOC) has constituted a controversial issue since it was first described. Recent data reinforced the arguments supporting the use of laparoscopy in the management of EOC. Advances in laparoscopy have enabled surgeons to meet the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics' criteria for staging of EOC.

Optimal stimulation protocols for in vitro fertilization.

Objective: To update clinicians on different gonadotropin regimens for ovarian stimulation for IVF including the use of urinary and recombinant gonadotropins, the value of added LH to FSH in the stimulation regimen, the use of GnRH agonists and antagonists, and the role of minimal stimulation protocols.

Design: Literature review and critical analysis of major articles during the last five years on ovarian stimulation for IVF.

Conclusion(s): Urinary and recombinant gonadotropins, for ovarian stimulation for IVF, are probably equally safe and effective.