Ibuprofen transdermal ethosomal gel: characterization and efficiency in animal models.

A new ibuprofen transdermal nanosystem, designed by using an ethosomal carrier, was characterized and tested for its pharmacokinetic profile and therapeutic effects in animal models. It was found that the ethosomal nanosystem contains unilamellar vesicles with a normal size distribution of about 200 nm. The drug applied transdermally from the ethosomal gel was present in plasma for a longer period of time as compared to the oral administration and showed a high relative bioavailability.