Structured diabetes care routines in cardiac rehabilitation are associated with increased diabetes detection and improved treatment after myocardial infarction: a nationwide observational study.

Background: Despite the detrimental impact of abnormal glucose metabolism on cardiovascular prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI), diabetes is both underdiagnosed and undertreated. We investigated associations between structured diabetes care routines in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and detection and treatment of diabetes at one-year post-MI.

Methods: Center-level data was derived from the Perfect-CR survey, which evaluated work routines applied at Swedish CR centers (n = 76).

Why does youth unemployment lead to scarring of depressive symptoms in adulthood? The importance of early adulthood drinking.

Aim: The aim of the paper is to analyse if alcohol consumption could explain the scarring effect of youth unemployment on later depressive symptoms.

Methods: The analyses are based on the 24-year follow-up of school leavers in a municipality in Northern Sweden (the Northern Swedish Cohort). Four-way decomposition analyses were performed to analyse if alcohol use at age 30 years could mediate and/or moderate the effect of youth unemployment (ages 18/21 years) on depressive symptoms in later adulthood (age 43 years).

Generalized joint hypermobility and the risk of pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain: Is body mass index of importance?-A prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Pelvic girdle pain (PGP) affects approximately 50% of pregnant women. The mechanisms are multifactorial but not fully understood. Women with generalized joint hypermobility (GJH) may be vulnerable to load in the pelvic joints during pregnancy.

Contrasting Carbohydrate Quantity and Quality and the Effects on Plasma Saturated and Monounsaturated Fatty Acids in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: It is unclear whether moderate differences in dietary carbohydrate quantity and quality influence plasma FAs in the lipogenic pathway in healthy adults.

Objectives: We investigated the effects of different carbohydrate quantities and quality on plasma palmitate concentrations (primary outcome) and other saturated and MUFAs in the lipogenic pathway.

Methods: Twenty healthy participants were randomly assigned, and 18 (50% women; age: 22-72 y; BMI: 18.

Confidentiality matters! Adolescent males' views of primary care in relation to psychosocial health: a structural equation modelling approach.

Objective: To investigate to what degree adolescent males (1) value confidentiality, (2) experience confidentiality and are comfortable asking sensitive questions when visiting a general practitioner (GP), and (3) whether self-reported symptoms of poor mental health and health-compromising behaviours (HCB) affect these states of matters.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: School-based census on life, health and primary care in Region Sörmland, Sweden.

Misinterpretations of P-values and statistical tests persists among researchers and professionals working with statistics and epidemiology.

Background: The aim was to investigate inferences of statistically significant test results among persons with more or less statistical education and research experience.

Methods: A total of 75 doctoral students and 64 statisticians/epidemiologist responded to a web questionnaire about inferences of statistically significant findings. Participants were asked about their education and research experience, and also whether a 'statistically significant' test result ( = 0.

How does social support shape the association between depressive symptoms and labour market participation: a four-way decomposition.

Background: Little is known about factors that may explain the association between depressive symptoms and poor labour market participation (LMP). The aim of this study is to examine the mediation and interaction effects of social support on the association between depressive symptoms and LMP.

Methods: Data were used from 985 participants (91% of the initial cohort) of the Northern Swedish Cohort, a longitudinal study of Swedish participants followed from adolescence throughout adulthood.

Comparing the Efficacy of Multidisciplinary Assessment and Treatment, or Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, with Treatment as Usual on Health Outcomes in Women on Long-Term Sick Leave-A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Background: Chronic pain and mental disorders are common reasons for long term sick leave. The study objective was to evaluate the efficacy of a multidisciplinary assessment and treatment program including acceptance and commitment therapy (TEAM) and stand-alone acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), compared with treatment as usual (Control) on health outcomes in women on long-term sick leave.

Method: Participants ( = 308), women of working age on long term sick leave due to musculoskeletal pain and/or common mental disorders, were randomized to TEAM ( = 102), ACT ( = 102) or Control ( = 104).

Is it possible to influence ability, willingness and understanding among nursing home care staff to implement nutritional guidelines? A comparison of a facilitated and an educational strategy.

Background: Translating nutrition knowledge into care practice is challenging since multiple factors can affect the implementation process. This study examined the impact of two implementation strategies, that is external facilitation (EF) and educational outreach visits (EOVs), on the organisational context and individual factors when implementing nutritional guidelines in a nursing home (NH) setting.

Methods: The EF strategy was a one-year, multifaceted (including support, guidance, a practice audit and feedback) intervention given to four NH units.

Does exercise intensity matter for fatigue during (neo-)adjuvant cancer treatment? The Phys-Can randomized clinical trial.

Exercise during cancer treatment improves cancer-related fatigue (CRF), but the importance of exercise intensity for CRF is unclear. We compared the effects of high- vs low-to-moderate-intensity exercise with or without additional behavior change support (BCS) on CRF in patients undergoing (neo-)adjuvant cancer treatment. This was a multicenter, 2x2 factorial design randomized controlled trial (Clinical Trials NCT02473003) in Sweden.

Understanding adolescent males' poor mental health and health-compromising behaviours: A factor analysis model on Swedish school-based data.

Aim: The aim was to develop a factor model of the clustering of poor mental-health symptoms and health-compromising behaviours (HCBs) in adolescent males.

Methods: The study was based on two cross-sectional school-based Swedish surveys in 2011 (response rate 80%, =2823) and 2014 (response rate 85%, =2358), both of which comprised questionnaires from males aged 15-16 and 17-18 years. A factor model was developed by exploratory factor analysis on the 2011 survey and validated by confirmatory factor analysis on the 2014 survey.

Validity of the self-reported five-part questionnaire as an assessment of generalized joint hypermobility in early pregnancy.

Background: The assessment of generalized joint hypermobility is difficult due to differences in classification methods and in the performance of joint mobility assessment. The primary aim was to evaluate the validity of the self-reported five-part questionnaire, 5PQ, for identifying generalized joint hypermobility using the Beighton score as reference test. The secondary aim was to describe how joint angles measured in degrees included in the Beighton score varied in different cut-off levels in the self-reported 5PQ and the Beighton score.

The Association of Self-Reported Generalized Joint Hypermobility with pelvic girdle pain during pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Pelvic girdle pain (PGP) is common during pregnancy but the causes remain poorly understood. Generalized joint hypermobility (GJH) is an inherited trait, with joint mobility beyond normal limits and is assumed to be related with PGP. The aim of this project was to study the association between self-reported GJH and the presence of PGP during pregnancy.

Vibrotactile perception on the sole of the foot in an older group of people with normal glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes.

Objectives: To evaluate vibrotactile sense in an older group of people with normal glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes relative to other sensory tests.

Methods: Vibration perception thresholds on the sole of the foot (Multifrequency vibrametry and Biothesiometer) were compared to the results from evaluation of touch (monofilament), electrophysiology (sural nerve) and thermal sensation (Thermotest®).

Results: Vibration perception and temperature thresholds, as well as sural nerve function, differed between normal glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes.

Effectiveness by gender and age of renin-angiotensin system blockade in heart failure-A national register-based cohort study.

Purpose: Investigate effectiveness by gender and age and equity implications of treatment with renin-angiotensin system blockade (RASb) in heart failure (HF) patients.

Methods: In this population-based register study, we used inpatient data from 2006 to 2010 for patients age 20 years or older with no HF hospitalisation for minimum of 1 year before an index hospitalisation. A wash-out period for RASb of 6 months preceding admission was used.

Attending Heart School and long-term outcome after myocardial infarction: A decennial SWEDEHEART registry study.

Background: The Heart School is a standard component of cardiac rehabilitation after myocardial infarction in Sweden. The group-based educational intervention aims to improve modifiable risks, in turn reducing subsequent morbidity and mortality. However, an evaluation with respect to mortality is lacking.

Poor peer relations in adolescence, social support in early adulthood, and depressive symptoms in later adulthood-evaluating mediation and interaction using four-way decomposition analysis.

Purpose: Supportive social relations are associated with good mental health, yet few studies have considered the prospective importance of adolescent peer relations for adult mental health and the potential mechanisms involved.

Methods: Participants (n = 941) were sourced from the Northern Swedish Cohort, a prospective study comprising school students aged 16 years in 1981. Integrating life course epidemiology with four-way decomposition analysis, this paper considers the controlled direct effect of poor peer relations at age 16 years on depressive symptoms at age 43 years, the pure indirect effect mediated by the availability of social support at age 30 years, and potential interactions between the exposure and the mediator.

Risk selection in primary care: a cross-sectional fixed effect analysis of Swedish individual data.

Objective: To assess socioeconomic differences between patients registered with private and public primary healthcare centres.

Design: Population-based cross-sectional study controlling for municipality and household.

Setting: Swedish population-based socioeconomic data collected from Statistics Sweden linked with individual registration data from all 21 Swedish regions.

Inter- and intra-rater reliability for measurement of range of motion in joints included in three hypermobility assessment methods.

Background: Comparisons across studies of generalized joint hypermobility are often difficult since there are several classification methods and methodological differences in the performance exist. The Beighton score is most commonly used and has been tested for inter- and intra-rater reliability. The Contompasis score and the Hospital del Mar criteria have not yet been evaluated for reliability.

The effect of group-based cognitive behavioral therapy on inflammatory biomarkers in patients with coronary heart disease-results from the SUPRIM-trial.

Background: The Secondary Prevention in Uppsala Primary Healthcare Project (SUPRIM) is a prospective randomized controlled trial of a group-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) stress management program for coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. The intervention reduced the risk of fatal or non-fatal first recurrent cardiovascular (CV) events. The aim of the present study was to analyze if the positive effects of the CBT program on clinical outcomes could have been mediated by changes in biomarkers for inflammation.

The relationship between self-efficacy and transition to work or studies in young adults with disabilities.

Aim: To investigate perceived self-efficacy in unemployed young adults with disabilities, and the association between self-efficacy and transition to work or studies.

Methods: This prospective cohort study collected data through self-report questionnaires and registry data from a vocational rehabilitation project with young adults, aged 19-29 years. The Swedish Social Insurance Agency, the Swedish Public Employment Service and the participating municipalities identified potential participants for the study.

Fatty Acid Proportions in Plasma Cholesterol Esters and Phospholipids Are Positively Correlated in Various Swedish Populations.

Fatty acid (FA) proportions in cholesterol esters (CEs) and plasma phospholipids are widely used as dietary biomarkers. Information on how proportions in these fractions correlate could have implications for interpretation and use of FA biomarkers in observational and interventional studies. We investigated correlations between FA proportions in CEs and phospholipids in free-living individuals and assessed how diet-induced alterations of FA proportions correlate between fractions.

Education, immigration and income as risk factors for hemoglobin A1c >70 mmol/mol when diagnosed with type 2 diabetes or latent autoimmune diabetes in adult: a population-based cohort study.

Objectives: The aim of this research is to study education, income and immigration as risk factors for high hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c >70 mmol/mol (8.6%)) when diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D) or latent autoimmune diabetes in the adult (LADA).

Research Design And Methods: Patients were included from the All New Diabetics in Scania study (2008-2013).

The interdependence of posttraumatic stress symptoms in parental dyads during and after their child's treatment for cancer.

Background: Cancer in a child is highly distressing and some parents are at increased risk for developing posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). However, the interdependence of PTSS in parental dyads has rarely been accounted for. The aim was to explore the dyadic relationship of PTSS in parents of children diagnosed with cancer.