Size matters: Total testicular volume predicts sperm count in Tanner V varicocele patients.

Introduction: It is known the prevalence of varicoceles in adolescent men is 14-29% but there is debate surrounding implications on fertility. As obtaining a semen analysis (SA) may be challenging, there is need for objective tests as measures of fecundity. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between testicular volume differential (TVD), varicocele grade, and total testicular volume (TTV) on seminal parameters including total motile sperm count (TMSC).

Diphallia, Double Bladder, and Two Hemiscrotums: A Case Report.

Complete diphallia, a rare urogenital congenital anomaly in which a male is born with two fully formed phalluses, occurs in one out of every five to six million live births. The condition is characterized by two separate phalluses, each of which comprise a pair of corpora cavernosa and one corpus spongiosum with an orthotopic urethra. Approximately 100 cases have been reported worldwide, and it is thought that each case is unique.

Robot-assisted Laparoscopic Urachal Excision in Children.

Objective: To report the first exclusively pediatric series of robot-assisted urachal remnant excisions in children.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of all children who underwent robot-assisted excision of urachal remnants from 2010 to 2016. For the procedure, a 3-port approach was performed in all cases.

Barriers to use of semen analysis in the adolescent with a varicocele: Survey of patient, parental, and practitioner attitudes.

Background: The American Society for Reproductive Medicine Practice Committee recommends obtaining a semen analysis (SA) in pediatric patients presenting with a varicocele in the absence of significant testicular atrophy. Among infertile adults with a varicocele, surgery is indicated in the presence of abnormal semen analysis regardless of testicular atrophy. Despite these two statements, semen analysis is not widely utilized by pediatric urologists in the USA managing a patient with a varicocele.

Bladder ganglioneuroma in a 5-year-old girl presenting with a urinary tract infection and hematuria: case report and review of the literature.

Ganglioneuromas are rare benign tumors arising from neural crest cells of the autonomic nervous system. These tumors may rarely localize to the bladder, and few cases have been reported in the adult literature. To date, however, bladder ganglioneuromas have not been reported in the pediatric literature.

Laparoscopic orchiopexy and varicocelectomy: is there really an advantage?

The role of laparoscopy in the case of nonpalpable cryptorchidism is both diagnostic and therapeutic. Laparoscopic orchiopexy for nonpalpable testes in the pediatric population has become the preferred surgical approach among pediatric urologists over the last 20 years. In contrast, laparoscopic varicocelectomy is considered one of several possible approaches to the treatment of a varicocele in an adolescent; however, it has many challengers and it has not gained universal acceptance as the gold standard.

Varicocele: standard and alternative indications for repair.

Purpose Of Review: This review provides timely and relevant information to address the indications for repair of the adolescent varicocele. In this review, we summarize the most recent available evidence and provide clinical guidelines.

Recent Findings: The indications for adolescent varicocelectomy commonly include testicular hypotrophy and pain but become confusing and contradictory when discussing potential infertility as an indication for repair.

Laparoendoscopic single-site radical nephrectomy for large renal masses.

Purpose: To report our operative experience and short-term outcomes for the laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) management of large renal tumors and tumors of advanced stage.

Patients And Methods: Ten consecutive patients underwent LESS-radical nephrectomy (RN) for large (≥ 7 cm) and/or locally advanced tumors (>T(2)). Intraoperative, postoperative, and short-term follow-up data were analyzed.

Pure primary prostatic osteosarcoma arising in a non-irradiated prostate.

A 68-year-old man who initially presented with hematuria was found on prostate biopsy to have sarcoma of the prostate with osteogenic features. Radiological examination revealed a locally advanced pelvic mass involving the prostate, seminal vesicles, and rectal wall without metastatic disease. The patient underwent total pelvic exenteration with intraoperative radiotherapy.

New concepts in Klinefelter syndrome.

Purpose Of Review: Klinefelter syndrome, 47,XXY and its variants, is the most common chromosomal aberration among men, with estimated frequency of 1: 500 among newborns. Men with Klinefelter syndrome present with sequels of hormonal and spermatogenic testicular failure like infertility, low testosterone, erectile dysfunction, and low bone mineral density. This review is aimed to provide the practicing urologist with an important source of clinically relevant information about Klinefelter syndrome.

Renal cell carcinoma sub-typing by histopathology and fluorescence in situ hybridization on a needle-biopsy specimen.

Objective: To determine the subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) on needle-core biopsies of renal masses using histopathology and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and to evaluate the use of interphase FISH to augment the accuracy of needle-core biopsies.

Patients And Methods: Histology correlates with prognosis in RCC but, historically, biopsies are inaccurate for histological subtype. As histological subtypes of RCC have distinct cytogenetic abnormalities (loss of 3p in clear cell, trisomy 7 or 17 in papillary and widespread chromosomal losses in chromophobe), we hypothesized that FISH would improve the accuracy of biopsies.