Publications by authors named "Roni Winkler"
Article Synopsis
- Interferons (IFNs) are important for how our bodies respond to viruses, and this study used CRISPR to find human genes affecting SARS-CoV-2 infection with and without IFN.
- The research identified 28 key genes linked to COVID-19, especially those involving the IFN pathway, including PLSCR1, which can limit virus entry without needing IFN.
- PLSCR1’s ability to block SARS-CoV-2 was reduced by the overexpression of TMPRSS2, and some virus variants have evolved to bypass PLSCR1’s defense, suggesting ongoing challenges in controlling the virus.
Senescence plays a key role in various physiological and pathological processes. We reported that injury-induced transient senescence correlates with heart regeneration, yet the multi-omics profile and molecular underpinnings of regenerative senescence remain obscure. Using proteomics and single-cell RNA sequencing, here we report the regenerative senescence multi-omic signature in the adult mouse heart and establish its role in neonatal heart regeneration and agrin-mediated cardiac repair in adult mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is the cause of the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19. Coronaviruses have developed a variety of mechanisms to repress host mRNA translation to allow the translation of viral mRNA, and concomitantly block the cellular innate immune response. Although several different proteins of SARS-CoV-2 have previously been implicated in shutting off host expression, a comprehensive picture of the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on cellular gene expression is lacking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) A and B are ubiquitous betaherpesviruses, infecting the majority of the human population. They encompass large genomes and our understanding of their protein coding potential is far from complete. Here, we employ ribosome-profiling and systematic transcript-analysis to experimentally define HHV-6 translation products.
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- N6-methyladenosine (mA) is a key modification in mRNA affecting development and disease, but quantifying it has been challenging due to limited methodologies.
- A new technique called MAZTER-seq allows for precise profiling of m6A at the single-nucleotide level, enabling the validation of existing approaches and tracking of mA changes across various biological contexts like yeast gametogenesis and mammalian differentiation.
- The study reveals that m6A levels follow a predictable coding system, explaining a significant portion of the variability in methylation and facilitating predictions about how mA is gained or lost throughout evolution.
Reprogrammed glucose metabolism of enhanced aerobic glycolysis (or the Warburg effect) is known as a hallmark of cancer. The roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) in regulating cancer metabolism at the level of both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis are mostly unknown. We previously showed that lncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) acts as a proto-oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn the version of this article initially published, the penultimate sentence of the abstract included a typographical error ('cxgenes'). The correct word is 'genes'. The error has been corrected in the HTML and PDF version of the article.
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- - N-methyladenosine (mA) is a common modification found on mRNA, and its absence can affect how viruses reproduce through disrupted methylation of viral RNA.
- - Deleting mA 'writer' METTL3 or 'reader' YTHDF2 after viral infection increases interferon-stimulated gene activity, leading to reduced viral propagation via interferon signaling.
- - The study highlights that mA alters the stability of interferon mRNAs, acting as a negative regulator of the interferon response and ultimately aiding viral spread, a mechanism also observed in mice.
Article Synopsis
- Modifications to mRNA can influence how mRNA operates after it's made, with a focus on the presence of N-methyladenosine (mA) which disrupts typical base pairing within mRNAs.
- The researchers developed a method to identify mA at a single-nucleotide level across the transcriptome, discovering mA is usually found in fewer mRNAs and often within tRNA-like structures.
- They found a specific mA site in mitochondrial ND5 mRNA that alters translation processes in a tissue-specific and developmentally regulated manner, indicating that while mA generally causes translational repression, mitochondria may utilize it for precise regulatory control.
Asymmetric messenger RNA (mRNA) localization facilitates efficient translation in cells such as neurons and fibroblasts. However, the extent and importance of mRNA polarization in epithelial tissues are unclear. Here, we used single-molecule transcript imaging and subcellular transcriptomics to uncover global apical-basal intracellular polarization of mRNA in the mouse intestinal epithelium.
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