Greater intake of the MEDI diet is associated with better cognitive trajectory in older adults with type 2 diabetes.

Aims: To determine associations of three dietary patterns (Mediterranean (MEDI) diet, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and the Mediterranean- DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet) with cognitive decline in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).

Methods: This is a longitudinal observational study. Participants (N = 960) from the Israel Diabetes and Cognitive Decline (IDCD) study were included in this study.

Dynamics in COVID-19 symptoms during different waves of the pandemic among children infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the ambulatory setting.

Unlabelled: The aim of this real-life, big data population-based study was to evaluate differences in symptomatic presentation of children infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) between the third and fourth waves of the pandemic in Israel, dominated by the Alpha and Delta variants, respectively. Our cohort included all children and adolescents, members of the second-largest Health Maintenance Organization in Israel that had positive real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test during the third and fourth waves of the pandemic (December 1, 2020, to April 30, 2021, and June 1, 2021, to October 10, 2021, respectively). A total of 32,485 and 44,130 children and adolescents in the third and fourth waves were included in the final analysis.

Implementation of a Personalized Digital App for Pediatric Preanesthesia Evaluation and Education: Ongoing Usability Analysis and Dynamic Improvement Scheme.

Background: Preanesthesia evaluation is a basic practice preceding any surgical procedure, aimed at tailoring individualized anesthetic plans for patients, improving safety, and providing patients with educational knowledge and tools in preparation for the surgery day. In the last 2 decades, eHealth and mobile health (mHealth) settings have gradually replaced part of the face-to-face encounters as the platform for preanesthesia communication between doctor and patient, yielding a range of benefits as demonstrated in recent publications. Nevertheless, there is a lack of studies examining the effectiveness of surgical mHealth apps focusing on the pediatric preanesthetic setting and addressing their usability among families.

Higher Dietary Intake of Advanced Glycation End Products Is Associated with Faster Cognitive Decline in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Objective: Dietary-derived advanced glycation end products (AGEs) vary for different food types and the methods employed during their preparation may contribute to diverse chronic health conditions. The goal of this study was to investigate the associations of dietary AGEs (dAGEs) with cognitive decline in older adults.

Methods: Non-demented older adults ( = 684) underwent annual testing with 19 cognitive tests summarized as a global cognitive score based on five cognitive domains.

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Naturally Acquired Immunity versus Vaccine-induced Immunity, Reinfections versus Breakthrough Infections: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Waning of protection against infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) conferred by 2 doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine begins shortly after inoculation and becomes substantial within 4 months. With that, the impact of prior infection on incident SARS-CoV-2 reinfection is unclear. Therefore, we examined the long-term protection of naturally acquired immunity (protection conferred by previous infection) compared to vaccine-induced immunity.

The Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection in Persons With Naturally Acquired Immunity With and Without Subsequent Receipt of a Single Dose of BNT162b2 Vaccine : A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: There is insufficient evidence regarding the magnitude and durability of protection conferred by a combined effect of naturally acquired immunity after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccine-induced immunity.

Objective: To compare the incidence rate of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in previously infected persons to that of previously infected persons who subsequently received a single dose of BNT162b2 messenger RNA vaccine.

Design: A retrospective cohort study emulating a randomized controlled target trial through a series of nested trials.

Correlation of SARS-CoV-2-breakthrough infections to time-from-vaccine.

The short-term effectiveness of a two-dose regimen of the BioNTech/Pfizer mRNA BNT162b2 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine was widely demonstrated. However, long term effectiveness is still unknown. Leveraging the centralized computerized database of Maccabi Healthcare Services (MHS), we assessed the correlation between time-from-vaccine and incidence of breakthrough infection between June 1 and July 27, the date of analysis.

Effect of Advanced Glycation End Products on Cognition in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Results from a Pilot Clinical Trial.

Background: Dietary advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are linked to cognitive decline. However, clinical trials have not tested the effect of AGEs on cognition in older adults.

Objective: The aim of the current pilot trial was to examine the feasibility of an intervention to reduce dietary AGEs on cognition and on cerebral blood flow (CBF).

Design and Feasibility of a Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial to Reduce Exposure and Cognitive Risk Associated With Advanced Glycation End Products in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in diet and serum are positively correlated with chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes and cognitive decline. Dietary reduction of AGEs was shown to reduce their level in serum and to have a beneficial effect on metabolic biomarkers. However, in part due to limitations of feasibility, clinical trials have not tested its effect on cognition in elderly.

Long Term Dietary Restriction of Advanced Glycation End-Products (AGEs) in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Is Feasible and Efficacious-Results from a Pilot RCT.

Introduction: High serum concentrations of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in older adults and diabetics are associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the feasibility of long-term adherence to a dietary intervention designed to decrease intake and exposure to circulating AGEs among older adults with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Herein, 75 participants were randomized to either a standard of care (SOC) control arm or to an intervention arm receiving instruction on reducing dietary AGEs intake.

High-fat diet protects the blood-brain barrier in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is evidence for impaired blood-brain barrier (BBB) in both diseases, but its role in the interplay between them is not clear. Here, we investigated the effects of high-fat diet (HFD), a model for T2D, on the Tg2576 mouse model of AD, in regard to BBB function.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is not associated with a lower health perception.

Aim: To examine the association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and general health perception.

Methods: This cross sectional and prospective follow-up study was performed on a cohort of a sub-sample of the first Israeli national health and nutrition examination survey, with no secondary liver disease or history of alcohol abuse. On the first survey, in 2003-2004, 349 participants were included.

Coffee consumption and nonalcoholic fatty liver onset: a prospective study in the general population.

Retrospective studies suggest that coffee consumption may exert beneficial effects in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver; however, prospective data supporting a protective role on liver steatosis development are lacking. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association between coffee consumption and fatty liver onset in the general population. The analysis was performed both in a cross-sectional cohort (n = 347) and, prospectively, in a subcohort of patients without fatty liver at baseline and followed-up for 7 years (n = 147).

Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol independently predicts new onset of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background & Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), i.e.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease independently predicts prediabetes during a 7-year prospective follow-up.

Background & Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is suspected to confer an increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes (DM). However, only a few prospective studies evaluated NAFLD as a predictor for DM, most did not adjust for the full range of potential cofounders and none used an objectively quantified degree of steatosis. Our aim was to evaluate the independent role of NAFLD in predicting the development of pre-DM in a 7-year prospective follow-up of healthy volunteers.

Predictors for incidence and remission of NAFLD in the general population during a seven-year prospective follow-up.

Background & Aims: Data on the incidence and remission rates of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as well as predictive factors are scant. This study aims at evaluating NAFLD's epidemiology in prospective follow-up of individuals sampled from the general population.

Methods: Evaluation of metabolic parameters and ultrasonographic evidence of NAFLD was performed in 213 subjects, with no known liver disease or history of alcohol abuse.