A pilot study on the effects of in-feed probiotic ATCC 53103 (LGG) on vaccinated Atlantic salmon (): microbiomes and challenge resilience.

The use of probiotics is an alternative approach to mitigate the proliferation of antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture. In our study, we examined the effects of GG (ATCC 53103, LGG) delivered in-feed on the weight, length, skin mucus, and faecal microbiomes of Atlantic salmon. We also challenged the salmon with 2004-05MF26 (Asal2004) and assessed the mortality.

Culture collection containing 1,240 isolates from healthy Canadian laying hens.

The pure culture of prokaryotes is essential to understanding their physiology. To facilitate research into better understanding the roles of individual bacteria in the gastric microbiome in chickens, we have established a culture collection of 1,240 isolates from fecal samples collected from healthy laying hens from across Canada.

The occurrence of and non-aureus staphylococci in raw milk negatively correlates with clinical mastitis.

is a common environmental pathogen associated with clinical mastitis (CM) in dairy cattle. There is an interest in optimizing the udder microbiome to increase the resistance of dairy cattle to CM; however, the details of which members of the healthy udder microbiome may play a role in antagonizing are unknown. In this study, we characterized the bacterial community composition in raw milk collected from quarters of lactating Holstein dairy cows that developed CM during lactation, including milk from both healthy and diseased quarters ( = 1,172).

Draft genome sequences of 21 sp. isolates from raw bovine milk.

Members of the genus are commonly used as probiotics in livestock production. We isolated several strains from healthy dairy cattle. The role of these strains in mammary health is of interest.

Screening of Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains for Potential Sourdough and Bread Applications: Enzyme Expression and Exopolysaccharide Production.

Twenty-eight strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were characterized for the ability to express enzymes of interest (including protease, xylanase, α-amylase, laccase, and glucose oxidase) as well as the ability to produce exopolysaccharide (EPS). The screening of enzyme capability for all LAB strains proceeded in a progressive 3-stage manner that helps to profile the efficiency of LAB strains in expressing chosen enzymes (Stage 1), highlights the strains with affinity for flour as the substrate (Stage 2), and discerns strains that can adapt well in a simulated starter environment (Stage 3). The theoretical ability of LAB to express these enzymes was also assessed using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analysis to identify the underlying genes in the whole genome sequence.

Draft genome sequences of 13 subsp. isolates from chickens, cows, and Canadian outbreaks.

is the etiological agent responsible for salmonellosis. Here, we report the draft whole genome sequences of 13 . subsp.

Effects of direct-fed Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis on production performance and milk fatty acid profile in dairy cows.

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of a Bacillus-based direct-fed microbial on performance of mid-lactating Holstein dairy cows and on their milk fatty acid composition. Six multiparous cows fitted with a rumen cannula were used in a randomized replicated crossover design. Cows received 200 g/d of either whey powder as a control or BioPlus 2B (Chr.

A longitudinal census of the bacterial community in raw milk correlated with Staphylococcus aureus clinical mastitis infections in dairy cattle.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of clinical mastitis (CM) in dairy cattle. Optimizing the bovine mammary gland microbiota to resist S. aureus colonization is a growing area of research.

Nanoparticle-Enabled Combination Therapy Showed Superior Activity against Multi-Drug Resistant Bacterial Pathogens in Comparison to Free Drugs.

The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens in farm animals and their zoonotic spread is a concern to both animal agriculture and public health. Apart from antimicrobial resistance (AMR), bacterial pathogens from the genera of and take refuge inside host cells, thereby demanding intervention strategies that can eliminate intracellular MDR pathogens. In this study, seven clinical isolates of and from swine farms were characterized for antibiotic (n = 24) resistance, resistance mechanisms, and virulence characteristics.

Comparative genomic analysis of isolates associated with either bovine intramammary infections or human infections demonstrates the importance of restriction-modification systems in host adaptation.

is a major etiological agent of clinical and subclinical bovine mastitis. The versatile and adaptative evolutionary strategies of this bacterium have challenged mastitis control and prevention globally, and the high incidence of mastitis increases concerns about antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and zoonosis. This study aims to describe the evolutionary relationship between bovine intramammary infection (IMI)-associated and human pathogenic and further elucidate the specific genetic composition that leads to the emergence of successful bovine IMI-associated lineages.

and Promote Early Maturation of Cecal Microbiota in Broiler Chickens.

Mature and stable intestinal microbiota in chickens is essential for health and production. Slow development of microbiota in young chickens prolongs the precarious period before reaching mature configuration. Whether probiotics can play a role in the early maturation of intestinal microbiota is unknown.

Relative virulence of Staphylococcus aureus bovine mastitis strains representing the main Canadian spa types and clonal complexes as determined using in vitro and in vivo mastitis models.

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the main pathogens leading to both clinical and subclinical bovine mastitis in dairy cattle. Prediction of disease evolution based on the characteristics of Staph. aureus isolates that cause intramammary infections and understanding the host-pathogen interactions may improve management of mastitis in dairy herds.

A new, reliable, and high-throughput strategy to screen bacteria for antagonistic activity against Staphylococcus aureus.

Background: Antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clones have emerged globally over the last few decades. Probiotics have been actively studied as an alternative to antibiotics to prevent and treat S. aureus infections, but identifying new probiotic bacteria, that have antagonistic activity against S.

Draft Genome Sequences of 113 Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Intramammary Infections in Dairy Cattle.

is one of the most common etiological agents responsible for clinical bovine mastitis. Here, we report the draft genome sequences and annotations of 113 strains that were isolated from Holstein cows with intramammary infections in Canada.

Staphylococcus aureus in Agriculture: Lessons in Evolution from a Multispecies Pathogen.

is a formidable bacterial pathogen that is responsible for infections in humans and various species of wild, companion, and agricultural animals. The ability of to move between humans and livestock is due to specific characteristics of this bacterium as well as modern agricultural practices. Pathoadaptive clonal lineages of have emerged and caused significant economic losses in the agricultural sector.

Exploring the potential of foodborne transmission of respiratory viruses.

The ongoing pandemic involving severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has raised the question whether this virus, which is known to be spread primarily though respiratory droplets, could be spread through the fecal-oral route or via contaminated food. In this article, we present a critical review of the literature exploring the potential foodborne transmission of several respiratory viruses including human coronaviruses, avian influenza virus (AVI), parainfluenza viruses, human respiratory syncytial virus, adenoviruses, rhinoviruses, and Nipah virus. Multiple lines of evidence, including documented expression of receptor proteins on gastrointestinal epithelial cells, in vivo viral replication in gastrointestinal epithelial cell lines, extended fecal shedding of respiratory viruses, and the ability to remain infectious in food environments for extended periods of time raises the theoretical ability of some human respiratory viruses, particularly human coronaviruses and AVI, to spread via food.

Smart traceability for food safety.

Current food production faces a tremendous challenge due to the growing human population. The global population is estimated to reach 9 billion by 2050 with 70% more food being required. Safe food is an important dimension of food security, and food traceability across the supply chain is a key component of this.