Watt-scale near-diffraction-limited mid-infrared laser delivery by a chalcogenide anti-resonant fiber.

We have developed an effective one-step extrusion method to prepare a nodeless chalcogenide hollow-core anti-resonance fiber, characterized by excellent symmetry and less requirements for drawing pressure in achieving the desired wall thickness. The resulting fiber exhibits excellent uniformity, with an ultra-large effective mode area of 21970 µm and a low overlap factor of  = 0.03%.

Liver transplantation and comprehensive rehabilitation in the reversal of hepatic myelopathy: a case report.

Hepatic myelopathy (HM) is a rare complication of end-stage chronic liver disease, primarily presenting as symmetrical lower limb weakness that progresses to spastic paralysis without sensory or sphincter dysfunction. We report a case of decompensated cirrhosis associated with hepatitis B virus and HM. The patient showed significant recovery after liver transplantation (LT) and comprehensive rehabilitation training.

Lung tumor discrimination by deep neural network model CanDo via DNA methylation in bronchial lavage.

Bronchoscopic-assisted discrimination of lung tumors presents challenges, especially in cases with contraindications or inaccessible lesions. Through meta-analysis and validation using the HumanMethylation450 database, this study identified methylation markers for molecular discrimination in lung tumors and designed a sequencing panel. DNA samples from 118 bronchial washing fluid (BWF) specimens underwent enrichment via multiplex PCR before targeted methylation sequencing.

Functional analysis of a novel intronic variant of with autosomal recessive primary microcephaly.

Autosomal Recurrent Primary Microscopic (MCPH, OMIM: 251200) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by a noticeable decrease in brain size, particularly in the cerebral cortex, but with a normal brain structure and a non-progressive intellectual disability. has been identified as the gene that triggers primary microcephaly (MCPH1，OMIM: 607117). Here we report a case of autosomal recessive primary microcephaly as caused by a novel variant in the gene.

On-chip Er-doped TaO waveguide amplifiers with a high internal net gain.

We designed and fabricated a double-layered structure Er:TaO waveguide and investigated its optical amplification performance in C band. The pump laser threshold for zero gain at 1533 nm was 2.5 mW, and the internal net gain was ∼4.

Origin of thermally activated Er emission in GeGaSe films and waveguides.

The origin of the dead or active emission from Er in various Er-doped films has been unclear. Here we took Er-doped GeGaSe as examples and investigated the correlation between the intensity of the photoluminescence (PL) spectra, the content of the activated Er ions, and the intensity of the absorption spectra in the waveguides. We found the linear correlation between the content of Er ions, photoluminescence, and absorption intensity.

Supercontinuum generation in AsS chalcogenide waveguide pumped by all-fiber structured dual-femtosecond solitons.

Supercontinuum sources with high compactness are essential for applications such as optical sensing, airborne detection and communication systems. In the past decades, the adoption of bulky optical parametric amplifier to pump various chalcogenide glass waveguides are widely reported for on-chip mid-infrared supercontinuum generation, but this usually leads to a large volume of the whole system, and is not practical. Therefore, integrating advanced femtosecond fiber lasers with optical waveguides using nano-fabrication technology are highly desired.

A simplified mid-infrared anti-resonant chalcogenide fiber with fewest resonant peaks.

High-power laser delivery in the mid-infrared via hollow-core fibers is attractive, but it is too difficult to be fabricated using chalcogenide glasses. Here, we designed a mid-infrared hollow-core anti-resonant chalcogenide fiber (HC-ARCF) with a simplified Kagome cladding micro-structure for the first time. Then, the fiber was firstly fabricated through a precision mechanical drilling and pressured fiber drawing method.

Real-time change of optical losses in chalcogenide waveguides induced by light illumination.

We prepared several GeGaSe waveguides with different chemical compositions and measured the change of optical losses induced by light illumination. Together with some experimental data in AsS and GeAsSe waveguides, the results showed that maximum change of the optical loss can be observed in the waveguides under bandgap light illumination. The chalcogenide waveguides with close to stoichiometric compositions have less homopolar bonds and less sub-bandgap states, and thus are preferential to have less photoinduced losses.

High-Q chalcogenide racetrack resonators based on the multimode waveguide.

We propose and demonstrate a high quality (Q) factor racetrack resonator based on uniform multimode waveguides in high-index contrast chalcogenide glass film. Our design features two carefully designed multimode waveguide bends based on modified Euler curves, which enable a compact 180° bend and reduce the chip footprint. A multimode straight waveguide directional coupler is utilized to couple the fundamental mode without exciting higher-order modes in the racetrack.

Alterations in regional homogeneity and functional connectivity associated with cognitive impairment in patients with hypertension: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Our study aims to investigate the alterations and diagnostic efficiency of regional homogeneity (ReHo) and functional connectivity (FC) in hypertension patients with cognitive impairment. A total of 62 hypertension patients with cognitive impairment (HTN-CI), 59 hypertension patients with normal cognition (HTN-NC), and 58 healthy controls (HCs) with rs-fMRI data were enrolled in this study. Univariate analysis (based on whole-brain ReHo and seed-based FC maps) was performed to observe brain regions with significant differences among the three groups.

Se-H-free AsSe fiber and its spectral applications in the mid-infrared.

The complete removal of the impurities like Se-H in Se-based chalcogenide glasses has been challenging in the development of highly transparent chalcogenide glass fiber. In this paper, several purification methods, including dynamic distillation, static distillation, and combined distillation method, were adopted with an aim of purifying arsenic selenide glass with ultra-low content of the impurities. The experimental results demonstrated that the Se-H can be completely eliminated in the arsenic selenide glass host and fiber without the introduction of any chloride.

Disrupted topological organization of functional brain networks is associated with cognitive impairment in hypertension patients: a resting-state fMRI study.

Purpose: To investigate the alterations of topological organization of the whole brain functional networks in hypertension patients with cognitive impairment (HTN-CI) and characterize its relationship with cognitive scores.

Methods: Fifty-seven hypertension patients with cognitive impairment and 59 hypertension patients with normal cognition (HTN-NC), and 49 healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Graph theoretical analysis was used to investigate the altered topological organization of the functional brain networks.

Single-mode suspended large-core chalcohalide fiber with a low zero-dispersion wavelength for supercontinuum generation.

Chalcogenide glass possesses outstanding advantages, such as supercontinuum generation, but its nonlinear applications were limited by large zero-dispersion wavelength (ZDW). Traditional suspended-core fibers can shift the ZDW to near IR with a tiny core size of less than 5 µm but a large evanescent wave loss exists in these fibers. In this paper, we prepared a novel suspended-core fiber (SCF) based on chalcohalide glasses for the first time via the extrusion method, in which the ZDW of the fundamental mode in the fiber with a core size of larger than 30 µm was successfully shifted to 2.

High-Q, submicron-confined chalcogenide microring resonators.

We demonstrate high quality (Q) factor microring resonators in high index-contrast GeSbSe chalcogenide glass waveguides using electron-beam lithography followed by plasma dry etching. A microring resonator with a radius of 90 μm shows an intrinsic Q factor of 4.1 × 10 in the telecom band.

High quality, high index-contrast chalcogenide microdisk resonators.

We demonstrate the high quality (Q) factor microdisk resonators in high index-contrast chalcogenide glass (ChG) film GeSbSe using electron-beam lithography followed by plasma dry etching. High confinement, low-loss, and single-point-coupled microdisk resonators with a loaded Q factor of 5×10 are measured. We also present pulley-coupled microdisk resonators for relaxing the requirements on the coupling gap.

Micro-Structure Changes Caused by Thermal Evolution in Chalcogenide GeAsSe Thin Films by In Situ Measurements.

To understand the effects of thermal annealing on the structure of GeAsSe thin films, the thermal evolution of these films was measured by the in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) at different temperature (773 K or 1073 K) in a vacuum (10 Pa) environment. The entire process of crystallization can be observed by using in situ XRD, which is from the appearance of a crystal structure to melting liquid-state and ultimately to the disappearance of the amorphous structure. In the crystallized process, the corresponding state-transition temperatures T (the onset crystallization temperature), T (the transition temperature from glassy-state to liquid-state), T (peak crystallization temperature) are linear with MCN (Mean Coordination Number).

Bilateral striatum with high-signal intensity on T1-weighted MRI: A case of hemichorea induced by nonketotic hyperglycemia.

Hemichorea induced by nonketotic hyperglycemia is a rare complication of diabetes mellitus. Here we present a case of 80-year-old female patient. She had a history of involuntary movement of the left body.

Preoperative CT Radiomics Predicting the SSIGN Risk Groups in Patients With Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Development and Multicenter Validation.

The stage, size, grade, and necrosis (SSIGN) score can facilitate the assessment of tumor aggressiveness and the personal management for patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, this score is only available after the postoperative pathological evaluation. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a CT radiomic signature for the preoperative prediction of SSIGN risk groups in patients with ccRCC in multicenters.

A Computed Tomography-Based Radiomics Nomogram to Preoperatively Predict Tumor Necrosis in Patients With Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

To develop and validate a radiomics nomogram for preoperative prediction of tumor necrosis in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). In total, 132 patients with pathologically confirmed ccRCC in one hospital were enrolled as a training cohort, while 123 ccRCC patients from second hospital served as the independent validation cohort. Radiomic features were extracted from corticomedullary and nephrographic phase contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) images.

Design and fabrication of AsSe chalcogenide waveguides with low optical losses.

In this paper, we report the fabrication and characterization of chalcogenide-based planar waveguides for possible applications in broadband light sources and/or biochemical sensing. ${{\rm Ge}_{11.5}}{{\rm As}_{24}}{{\rm Se}_{64.

Migration and transformation of cadmium in rice - soil under different nitrogen sources in polymetallic sulfide mining areas.

We conducted pot experiments to assess the bioavailability of cadmium (Cd) in contaminated rhizosphere soil and accumulation in rice organs in response to nitrogen (N) supply ((NH)SO, NHNO, NHCl). The results showed that the concentration of bioavailable Cd in rice rhizosphere soil was (NH)SO treatment > NHCl treatment > NHNO treatment at the same level of N application and growth period; the Cd concentration in rice roots was (NH)SO treatment > NHNO treatment > NHCl treatment; and the Cd concentration in rice straw was NHNO treatment > NHCl. The Cd concentration in rice roots, straws, and seeds at the maturity stage was (NH)SO treatment > NHCl treatment.

Iodine-doped Ge-As-Se glasses with high purity and low dispersion.

It is well known that, the incorporation of halide will improve the optical properties of chalcogenide glasses with a broad transparent range. Here, we investigated the optical properties and structure of Ge-As-Se-I glasses in order to disclose the role of halogen iodine in the formation of chalcogenide glassy network. It was found that, refractive index, zero dispersion wavelength and glass transition temperature Tg decrease with increasing iodine contents, while the cut-off edge (λ) in the shorter wavelength blue-shifts apparently, and the whole transmission range is expanded widely.