polysaccharide attenuates acetaminophen-induced liver injury by regulating the miR-140-5p-related antioxidant mechanism.

STRP1, a polysaccharide active ingredient isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine , has demonstrated a protective effect against acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury (AILI). The underlying molecular mechanism was investigated in this study. Here, an acute liver damage mouse model was generated by APAP (400 mg/kg) and used to identify the protective effect of STRP1 (200 mg/kg) on mouse livers.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of anlotinib as a third-line or further treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer in China.

Background: The health expenditure on treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is enormous, especially in third-line or further therapy. Cost-effectiveness analysis for the treatment of advanced NSCLC is particularly important. Anlotinib has been approved by the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) for the third-line or further treatment of advanced NSCLC.

Development and validation of a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet method for abemaciclib-related substance detection in bulk drugs.

Abemaciclib is an effective selective cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 inhibitors for cancer therapy. The abemaciclib-related substances influence its efficacy and safety, and are important in process preparation studies and quality control. Thus, a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for the detection of related substances in its bulk drug.

A self-assembled pH/enzyme dual-responsive prodrug with PEG deshielding for multidrug-resistant tumor therapy.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the major obstacles for tumor therapy. Intake by receptor-mediated endocytosis enables molecules to bypass ABC transporter efflux, which is the primary mechanism of MDR. Here, we developed a novel pH/enzyme dual-responsive polypeptide prodrug to reverse multidrug resistance.

Targeting breast cancer stem cells by a self-assembled, aptamer-conjugated DNA nanotrain with preloading doxorubicin.

Background: Cancer relapse and metastasis is an obstacle to the treatment of breast cancer. Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), which can evade the killing effect of traditional chemotherapies, such as doxorubicin (DOX), may contribute to cancer development. Therefore, it is necessary to develop novel drugs that can target and eliminate BCSCs.

Advances in HER2 testing.

HER2-positive breast cancer is a particularly aggressive type of breast cancer. Indication of HER2 positivity is essential for its treatment. In addition to a few FDA-approved methods such as immunohistochemical (IHC) detection of HER2 protein expression and in situ hybridization (ISH) assessment of HER2 gene amplification, several novel methods have been developed for HER2 testing in recent years.

PD-1 gene haplotype is associated with the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus in Japanese children.

Interaction between Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), a member of costimulatory molecules, and its receptors Programmed cell Death-1 Ligand 1 (PD-L1) and Programmed cell Death-1 Ligand 2 (PD-L2), play an important role in the negative regulation of immune reactions. It was shown that a polymorphism in a regulatory site of the PD-1 gene was associated with susceptibility to several autoimmune diseases in various ethnic groups, whereas the contribution of the PD-1 gene or its ligand genes to the onset of type 1 diabetes (T1D) mellitus in the Japanese population remains unknown. We first screened PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 genes for polymorphisms in the Japanese population, and then investigated the frequencies of polymorphisms in patients with T1D mellitus in comparison with healthy controls.