Determination of Residual Dimethyl Sulfate in Cephalosporin Using HS-SPME/GC-MS.

Dimethyl sulfate (DMS) is widely used in manufacturing process but because of its genotoxicity nature, it should be monitored at trace levels (1 μg/mL). It is complicated and difficult to quantify DMS in cephalosporin with traditional method. Herein, a method for quantifying residual DMS in cephalosporin was developed, without complex sample preprocessing, no need for a large amount of solvent, employing headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Association of childhood rhinitis with phthalate acid esters in household dust in Shanghai residences.

Objective: Phthalate acid esters (PAEs) have been identified to be associated with children's health. Present study was conducted to assess associations between PAEs in household dust and childhood rhinitis.

Methods: Based on phase II of CCHH study (China, Children, Home, Health) conducted in Shanghai, China, 266 indoor dust samples were collected from participants' families.

Associations between phthalic acid esters in household dust and childhood asthma in Shanghai, China.

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) have a negative impact on human health and are widely distributed in China. As part of the China, Children, Home, Health (CCHH) study, we investigated the associations between childhood asthmatic symptoms and PAEs in settled house dust in Shanghai, China. We found that di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP) were abundant in the indoor environment.

[Indoor Formaldehyde and Benzene Series in Shanghai Residences and Their Associations with Building Characteristics and Lifestyle Behaviors].

From March 2013 to December 2014, we on-site inspected indoor concentrations of formaldehyde and a benzene series in 454 children's bedrooms that were decorated earlier than one year before our inspection. Large differences existed in the formaldehyde and benzene-series concentrations among individual bedrooms. Bedrooms that were inspected in winter had significantly higher concentration of formaldehyde than bedrooms that were inspected in other seasons (<0.

Associations of urinary phthalate metabolites with residential characteristics, lifestyles, and dietary habits among young children in Shanghai, China.

Exposure to household phthalates has been reported to have adverse effects on children's health. In this paper, we used phthalate metabolites in the first morning urine as indicators of household phthalate exposures and examined their associations with residential characteristics, lifestyles and dietary habits among young children. During 2013-2014, we collected morning urines from children aged 5-10years in Shanghai, China and obtained the related information about analyzed factors in this study by questionnaires.

Household indoor air quality and its associations with childhood asthma in Shanghai, China: On-site inspected methods and preliminary results.

Few studies were conducted for associations of home environment with childhood health by on-site inspection in China. During 2013-2014, we conducted a case-control study with home inspection among 454 children (186 asthma children and 268 non-asthma children) in Shanghai, China. In this paper, we detailedly described the inspected methods and analyzed the preliminarily collected data.

Note: A charge sensitive spectroscopy amplifier for position sensitive micro-channel plate detectors.

A compact and low noise charge sensitive spectroscopy amplifier which can be integrated into position sensitive micro-channel plate (MCP) detectors has been constructed. The amplifier was optimized by using a wave form generator and tested by a chevron shape MCP detector. The output noise of 4 mV(rms) was achieved while the gain is 10(12) V/C and the shaping time is 700 ns.

Note: A timing micro-channel plate detector with backside fast preamplifier.

A timing micro-channel plate detector with a backside double-channel fast preamplifier was developed to avoid distortion during signal propagation from the anode to the preamplifier. The mechanical and electronic structure is described. The detector including its backside preamplifier is tested by a (241)Am α-source and a rise time of ~2 ns with an output background noise of 4 mV(rms) was achieved.