Parasitic taxa are key to the vertical stratification and community variation of pelagic ciliates from the surface to the abyssopelagic zone.

Background: An increase in upper-ocean thermal stratification is being observed worldwide due to global warming. However, how ocean stratification affects the vertical profile of plankton communities remains unclear. Understanding this is crucial for assessing the broader implications of ocean stratification.

Perturbing TET2 condensation promotes aberrant genome-wide DNA methylation and curtails leukaemia cell growth.

The ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of dioxygenases maintain stable local DNA demethylation during cell division and lineage specification. As the major catalytic product of TET enzymes, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine is selectively enriched at specific genomic regions, such as enhancers, in a tissue-dependent manner. However, the mechanisms underlying this selectivity remain unresolved.

The m6A methyltransferase METTL3 drives thyroid cancer progression and lymph node metastasis by targeting LINC00894.

Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are significant contributors to various human malignancies. The aberrant expression of lncRNA LINC00894 has been reported in various human malignancies. We aimed to illustrate the role of LINC00894 and its underlying mechanism in the development of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).

Integrated Analysis Identifies DPP7 as a Prognostic Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer has a poor prognosis and is prone to recurrence and metastasis. DPP7, a prolyl peptidase, is reported to regulate lymphocyte quiescence. However, the correlation of DPP7 with prognosis in CRC remains unclear.

Salidroside ameliorates memory impairment following long-term ethanol intake in rats by modulating the altered intestinal microbiota content and hippocampal gene expression.

Background: Salidroside (), the main component of a famous herb , enhances memory performance and reduces fatigue. Therefore, this study assessed the effect of on memory impairment induced by a long-term intake of ethanol (EtOH) in rats and investigated its relevant mechanisms using gut microbiota metagenomic analysis and hippocampal transcriptomic analysis.

Methods: Eighteen male SD rats were divided into the normal control group (CON group), EtOH model group (Model group), and treatment group ( group).

Alterations and correlations of gut microbiota, fecal, and serum metabolome characteristics in a rat model of alcohol use disorder.

Background: Growing evidence suggests the gut microbiota and metabolites in serum or fecal may play a key role in the process of alcohol use disorder (AUD). However, the correlations of gut microbiota and metabolites in both feces and serum in AUD subjects are not well understood.

Methods: We established a rat model of AUD by a chronic intermittent ethanol voluntary drinking procedure, then the AUD syndromes, the gut microbiota, metabolomic profiling in feces and serum of the rats were examined, and correlations between gut microbiota and metabolites were analyzed.

B3galt5 deficiency attenuates hepatocellular carcinoma by suppressing mTOR/p70s6k-mediated glycolysis.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies with high morbidity and mortality. Beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase 5 (b3galt5) plays crucial roles in protein glycosylation, but its function in HCC remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role and underlying mechanism of b3galt5 in HCC.

Comprehensive Analysis of Genomic Alterations in Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma of the Stomach and Identification of Clinically Actionable Alterations.

Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach (HAS) is a rare malignancy with aggressive biological behavior. This study aimed to compare the genetic landscape of HAS with liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), gastric cancer (GC), and AFP-producing GC (AFPGC) and identify clinically actionable alterations. Thirty-eight cases of HAS were collected for whole-exome sequencing.

Immune microenvironment characteristics and their implications for immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in HER2-overexpressing gastric cancer.

HER2-positive gastric cancer is a distinct tumor subtype, accounting for ~10% of gastric cancer cases. It is characterized by HER2 overexpression and responds well to HER2-targeting therapies. Recently, the addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors to HER2-targeting therapies produced satisfactory outcomes in these patients.

Bacteria, Protists, and Fungi May Hold Clues of Seamount Impact on Diversity and Connectivity of Deep-Sea Pelagic Communities.

The topography and hydrography around seamounts have a strong influence on plankton biogeography. The intrinsic properties of various biological taxa inherently also shape their distribution. Therefore, it is hypothesized that different pelagic groups respond differently to effects of seamounts regarding their distribution and connectivity patterns.

STIM1 Deficiency In Intestinal Epithelium Attenuates Colonic Inflammation and Tumorigenesis by Reducing ER Stress of Goblet Cells.

Background & Aims: As an indispensable component of store-operated Ca entry, stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is known to promote colorectal cancer and T-cell-mediated inflammatory diseases. However, whether the intestinal mucosal STIM1 is involved in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of intestinal epithelial STIM1 in IBD.

AAMP promotes colorectal cancermetastasis by suppressing SMURF2-mediatedubiquitination and degradation of RhoA.

Metastasis is considered the leading cause of cancer death due to the limited possibilities to therapeutically target this process. How the ubiquitination machinery contributes to metastasis remains underexplored. Angio-associated migratory cell protein (AAMP), a ubiquitously expressed protein involved in cell migration, has been reported to play oncogenic roles in breast and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Solitary Nitric Oxide Signaling Mediates Mild Stress-Induced Anxiety and Norepinephrine Release in the Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis during Protracted Ethanol Withdrawal.

Ethanol withdrawal (EtOHW) alters the pattern of neurohormonal and behavioral response toward internal and external stimuli, which mediates relapse to alcohol use even after a long period of abstinence. Increased noradrenergic signaling from the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) to the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) during EtOHW underlies withdrawal-induced anxiety, while nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors injected into the periaqueductal area attenuate EtOHW-induced anxiety. Therefore, this study investigated the involvement of NOS within the NTS in anxiety and increased norepinephrine (NE) release in the BNST during protracted EtOHW in rats exposed to a mild stress.

Cystine and Methionine Deficiency Promotes Ferroptosis by Inducing B-Cell Translocation Gene 1.

Ferroptosis is a type of programmed necrosis triggered by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. We investigated the role of B-cell translocation gene 1 (BTG1) in cystine and methionine deficiency (CST/Met (-))-mediated cell death. CST/Met (-) depleted reduced and oxidized glutathione in hepatocyte-derived cells, increased prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 expression, and promoted reactive oxygen species accumulation and lipid peroxidation, as well as necrotic cell death.

Comparable long-term survival of patients with colorectal or gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors treated with endoscopic vs. surgical resection.

Background And Aims: With the development of endoscopic technology, endoscopic treatment has been widely used in Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). However, population-based studies comparing the long-term results of patients who received endoscopic treatment vs. Surgery are lacking.

Molecular profiling and identification of prognostic factors in Chinese patients with small bowel adenocarcinoma.

Small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) is a rare malignancy with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Despite prior studies, molecular characterization of this disease is not well defined, and little is known regarding Chinese SBA patients. In this study, we conducted multigene next-generation sequencing and 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing on samples from 76 Chinese patients with surgically resected primary SBA.

Effect of ISM1 on the Immune Microenvironment and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Colorectal Cancer.

An increasing number of studies have shown that Isthmin 1 (ISM1), a secreted protein, is important in tumorigenesis and invasion, including in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the mechanisms are still unclear. This study aims to explore the function and prognosis capacity of ISM1 in CRC.

Sauchinone Blocks Ethanol Withdrawal-Induced Anxiety but Spares Locomotor Sensitization: Involvement of Nitric Oxide in the Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis.

Both the positive (manifested by locomotor sensitization) and negative (withdrawal symptoms) reinforcing effects of ethanol (EtOH) involve central nitric oxide (NO) signaling. Sauchinone (a bioactive lignan in ) has been shown to improve methamphetamine-induced behavioral and neurochemical changes via the NO signaling pathway. Thus, this study evaluated the effects of sauchinone on locomotor sensitization and anxiety during EtOH withdrawal (EtOHW).

Inhibitory Effects of Extract on Oxidation and Inflammatory Responses.

(laver) has long been a popular and traditional seaweed food in Korea, Japan, and China. Historically, it was known as a marine medicinal herb to treat hemorrhoids and cholera morbus in . We investigated the effects of extract (PTE) for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

Patterns and drivers of microeukaryotic distribution along the North Equatorial Current from the Central Pacific Ocean to the South China Sea.

Microeukaryotes have been recognized as highly abundant and diverse both in form and function, however, data on their diversity and distribution along marine currents remain scarce. Herein, the distribution of microeukaryotes in surface seawaters was analyzed along a 9000 km stretch of the North Equatorial Current (NEC) and its bifurcation using high throughput DNA sequencing. Significant distance-decay patterns were detected, and the microeukaryote communities were further divided into Central Pacific Ocean (CPO), Western Pacific Ocean (WPO), and South China Sea (SCS) groups.

Astragaloside IV blocks monocrotaline‑induced pulmonary arterial hypertension by improving inflammation and pulmonary artery remodeling.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is associated with increased inflammation and abnormal vascular remodeling. Astragaloside IV (ASIV), a purified small molecular saponin contained in the well‑know herb, Astragalus membranaceus, is known to exert anti‑inflammatory and anti‑proliferation effects. Thus, the present study investigated the possible therapeutic effects of ASIV on monocrotaline (MCT)‑induced PAH.

Hepatoprotective Effect of Extract Is Mediated via Antagonism of Oxidative Stress.

has been extensively used in traditional Oriental medicine to treat gastric disorders and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities. Therefore, the present study examined a possible hepatoprotective effect of a extract (PZE) and investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms. We employed an model of arachidonic acid (AA) + iron-induced hepatocyte damage and an model of CCl-induced liver injury to assess the effects of PZE and evaluated the relevant molecular targets using biochemical assays, flow cytometry analysis, Western blot, and histopathological analysis.

Enhanced spinal neuronal responses as a mechanism for increased number and size of active acupoints in visceral hyperalgesia.

Acupuncture has been used to treat a variety of illness and involves the insertion and manipulation of needles into specific points on the body (termed "acupoints"). It has been suggested that acupoints are not merely discrete, static points, but can be dynamically changed according to the pathological state of internal organs. We investigated in a rat model of mustard oil (MO)-induced visceral hyperalgesia whether the number and size of acupoints were modified according to the severity of the colonic pain, and whether the changes were associated with enhanced activity of the spinal dorsal horn.