Enhancing biohydrogen production from xylose through natural FeS ore: Mechanistic insights.

In this study, we investigated the advantages of utilizing natural FeS ore in the context of dark fermentative hydrogen production within a fermentation system employing heat-treated anaerobic granular sludge with xylose as the carbon source. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in both hydrogen production and the maximum rate, with increases of 2.58 and 4.

Performance and mechanism of different pretreatment methods for inoculated sludge in biohydrogen production.

A comparison was conducted between pre-culture bacteria (PCB) and heat treatment anaerobic granular sludge (HTAGS) for hydrogen production, and it was found that hydrogen molar yield (HMY) of PCB was 21-35% higher than that of HTAGS. The addition of biochar increased hydrogen production in both cultivation methods by acting as an electron shuttle to enhance extracellular electron transfers of Clostridium and Enterobacter. On the other hand, FeO did not promote hydrogen production in PCB experiments but had a positive effect on HTAGS experiments.

Responses of Bacillus sp. under Cu(II) stress in relation to extracellular polymeric substances and functional gene expression level.

The production and composition of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), as well as the EPS-related functional resistance genes and metabolic levels of Bacillus sp. under Cu(II) stress, were investigated. EPS production increased by 2.

The acceleration on decolorization of azo dyes by magnetic lignin-based materials via enhancing the extracellular electron transfer.

Two novel and eco-friendly redox mediators (RMs), magnetic oxidative vanillin (MOV) and magnetic oxidative syringaldehyde (MOS), both derived from lignin, were prepared to improve the decolorization of the methyl orange (MO) dye. The Decolorization Efficiency (DE) of MO in the batch experiments with MOV and MOS were increased by more than 60% and 22%, respectively, when compared to the control experiment without magnetic RMs. Moreover, the two magnetic RMs could maintain stable DE of MO in sequenced batch reactors (SBRs), and negligible leaching of the oxidized lignin monomers was observed under various environmental conditions.

Characteristics and comparisons of the aerobic and anaerobic denitrification of a Klebsiella oxytoca strain: Performance, electron transfer pathway, and mechanism.

The performance and electron (e) transfer mechanisms of anaerobic and aerobic denitrification by strain Klebsiella were investigated in this study. The RT-PCR results demonstrated that the membrane bound nitrate reductase gene (narG) and Cu-nitrite reductase gene (nirK) were responsible for both aerobic and anerobic denitrification. The extreme low gene relative abundance of nirK might be responsible for the severe accumulation of NO-N (nitrogen in the form of NO ion) under anaerobic condition.

Phytochemical Delivery Through Transferosome (Phytosome): An Advanced Transdermal Drug Delivery for Complementary Medicines.

Transdermal drug delivery aims to create a safe and effective method of administering drugs through the skin that attracts a lot of attention and investment due to the constant progress in the field. Transferosomes are flexible or malleable vesicles (having almost the same structure as liposomes but with better skin penetration properties) discovered initially in the early 90s. The name transferosomes, which means "carrying bodies," is coined from the Latin phrase "Transferee," which means "to carry through," and the Greek term "soma," meaning "body.

Acceleration of the bio-reduction of methyl orange by a magnetic and extracellular polymeric substance nanocomposite.

Extracellular electron transfer (EET) plays an important role in bio-reduction of environmental pollutants. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), a kind of biogenic macromolecule, contain functional groups responsible for acceleration of EET. In this study, azo dye-methyl orange (MO) was chosen as a model pollutant, and a FeO and EPS nanocomposite (FeO@EPS) was prepared to evaluate its promotion on the bio-reduction of MO.

The role of anthraquinone-2-sulfonate on biohydrogen production by Klebsiella strain and mixed culture.

The role of anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (AQS) on biohydrogen production was explored in this study. The hydrogen molar yield (HMY) of the batch experiment with 0.2 mM AQS was not significantly improved comparing to that without AQS, but the acetate and ethanol yields were increased by 12.

Adsorption characteristics of methylene blue by a dye-degrading and extracellular polymeric substance -producing strain.

Biosorption of dye by microbes and the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were of great environmental significance, especially for the dye-degrading and EPS-producing strain. Previous studies were mainly focused on the adsorption capacities and regeneration properties of pure culture, few were on the biosorption of dyes by the dye-degraders and the contributions of EPS on adsorption. In this study, a dye-degrading and EPS-producing strain i.

Energy-saving preparation of a bioflocculant under high-salt condition by using strain Bacillus sp. and the interaction mechanism towards heavy metals.

A highly efficient bioflocculant, i.e., Na-Bsp was successfully prepared by using a tolerant strain-Bacillus sp.

Preparation of a bioflocculant by using acetonitrile as sole nitrogen source and its application in heavy metals removal.

A novel bioflocculant, A-GS408, produced by Klebsiella oxytoca GS-4-08 cultured in acetonitrile (ACN) as sole nitrogen source was investigated in this study. A complete degradation of 1 g l of ACN was achieved in 350 h, and 4.6 g of crude A-GS408 can be obtained in one litter of synthetic medium.

A novel Fe(III) dependent bioflocculant from Klebsiella oxytoca GS-4-08: culture conditions optimization and flocculation mechanism.

In this work, the effect of cultivation factors on the flocculation efficiency (FE) of bioflocculant P-GS408 from Klebsiella oxytoca was optimized by the response surface methodology. The most significant factor, i.e.

Betatrophin Acts as a Diagnostic Biomarker in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Is Negatively Associated with HDL-Cholesterol.

Objective. By assessing its circulating concentrations in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, we aimed to explore the associations of betatrophin with various metabolic parameters and evaluate its diagnostic value in T2DM. Methods.

Folic acid attenuates cognitive dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Diabetic cognitive dysfunction is common in patients with diabetes but its pathogenesis is not clear. The aim of the present study is to investigate the role of 5', 10' methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) in the development of diabetic cognitive impairment and test whether folic acid (FA) supplementation prevents cognitive dysfunction in diabetic rats. In the current study, three months after streptozotocin-induced diabetes onset, rats showed cognitive dysfunction including the prolonged escape latency, the decreased time spent in the target quadrant and the declined number of crossing the platform in Morris water maze test.

The performance of a diabetic retinopathy risk score for screening for diabetic retinopathy in Chinese overweight/obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common chronic microvascular diabetic complication. The presence of DR may indicate microcirculatory dysfunction in other organ systems besides visual morbidity. The objective of this study was to develop a simple diabetic retinopathy risk score to identify DR in Chinese overweight/obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Investigation of single nucleotide polymorphisms based on the intronic sequences of the propylene alcohol dehydrogenase gene in Chinese tobacco genotypes.

A pair of primers was designed to amplify the propylene alcohol dehydrogenase gene sequence based on the cDNA sequence of the tobacco allyl-alcohol dehydrogenase gene. All introns were sequenced using traditional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods and T-A cloning. The sequences from common tobacco ( L.

[A cross-sectional survey on prevalence and risk factors for abnormal plasma liver enzymes in overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus].

Objective: To explore the prevalence and risk factors for abnormal plasma liver enzymes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: Overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited from 60 tertiary and secondary hospitals in Guangdong Province between August 2011 and March 2012. The abnormal plasma liver enzymes was diagnosed as alanine aminotransferase >40 U/L and/or aspartate aminotransferase >40 U/L.

[Prevalence and risk factors for dyslipidemia in diabetics with overweight or obesity].

Objective: To explore the prevalence and risk factors for dyslipidemia in diabetics with overweight or obesity.

Methods: Diabetics with overweight or obesity were recruited from 62 tertiary and secondary hospitals in Guangdong Province between August 2011 and March 2012. Dyslipidemia was diagnosed as total cholesterol (TC) ≥ 5.

Prevalence and determinants of hyperuricemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with central obesity in Guangdong Province in China.

This study investigated the prevalence and determinants of hyperuricemia in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with central obesity. A multicentric hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Guangdong Province between August 2011 and March 2012. At each hospital, Chinese T2DM patients with central obesity who were aged over 20 years, whose serum uric acid levels were measured, and who had lived in Guangdong Province for >=1 year, were recruited.

[A cross-sectional survey of blood pressure control in overweight or obese type 2 diabetic patients in Guangdong province].

Objective: To investigate the current situation and influential factors of blood pressure (BP) control in type 2 diabetic patients with overweight or obesity in Guangdong province.

Methods: From August 2011 to March 2012, type 2 diabetic patients with overweight or obesity were recruited from 60 hospitals in 20 cities of Guangdong province, and received standard questionnaires. The conditions of demographic data, clinical examinations, the most recent laboratory assessment, history of disease and drug therapy were recorded.

Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in a high-risk Chinese population.

Background: Lifestyle plays an important role in the development of diabetic retinopathy. The lifestyle in Guangzhou is different from other cities in China as the Cantonese prefer eating rice porridge, but not spicy foods. The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence and determinants of diabetic retinopathy in a high-risk population of Guangzhou.

[A cross-sectional survey on current status of type 2 diabetes mellitus with overweight or obesity in Guangdong province].

Objective: To explore the glycemic control status and related risk factors of overweight or obesity patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Guangdong province.

Methods: The medical records of overweight or obesity patients with T2DM from 60 tertiary and secondary hospitals in Guangdong Province were collected by questionnaire and physical examination. And the clinical data were analyzed to explore the influencing factors of glycemic control.