Transcriptomic analysis of plasma-derived small extracellular vesicles reveals the pathological characteristics of normal tension glaucoma.

Aim: Normal tension glaucoma (NTG) is a common optic neuropathy that can be challenging to diagnose due to the intraocular pressure remaining within the normal range. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for the effective lifelong management of patients.

Methods: This study recruited a total of 225 participants.

Surgical strategy and outcome in patients with bilateral proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Objectives: To investigate the current surgery strategies for bilateral proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), as well as the surgical outcomes of patients with bilateral PDR who underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV).

Materials: Patients undergoing bilateral vitrectomy for PDR from January 2019 to December 2020 at The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University were enrolled. Clinical data were collected from the electronic medical records.

Vitreous metabolomic signatures of pathological myopia with complications.

Background: Pathological myopia (PM) is closely associated with blinding ocular morbidities. Identifying biomarkers can provide clues on pathogeneses. This study aimed to identify metabolic biomarkers and underlying mechanisms in the vitreous humour (VH) of PM patients with complications.

Incidence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments is increasing in Wenzhou, China.

Aim: To estimate and compare the incidence and characteristics of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs) in the Wenzhou area in 2015 to 2019.

Methods: All newly developed RRD cases among residents of the Wenzhou area, from January 2015 to December 2019, were retrospectively retrieved from hospital records. Annual population data were extracted from the Wenzhou Statistical Yearbook.

Inner limiting membrane peeling prevents secondary epiretinal membrane after vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Aim: To evaluate the role of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling in preventing secondary epiretinal membrane (ERM) formation in pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the medical records of patients who underwent PPV for PDR and were followed up for minimum 3mo. ILM peeling was performed based on the intraoperative surgeons' judgments.

New technique for removal of perfluorocarbon liquid related sticky silicone oil and literature review.

Aim: To investigate the safety and efficacy of sticky silicone oil (SSO) removal using a 22-gauge vein detained needle and inner limiting membrane (ILM) wrap-and-peel technique.

Methods: This retrospective consecutive case series reviewed the records of patients with a history of retinal detachment who had received silicone oil and perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) as intraocular tamponades. Patients were included in the analysis if they exhibited SSO remnants during silicone oil removal.

Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 2 Regulates Retinal Pigment Epithelium Metabolism by Enhancing Autophagy.

Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) serves critical functions in maintaining retinal homeostasis. An important function of RPE is to degrade the photoreceptor outer segment fragments daily to maintain photoreceptor function and longevity throughout life. An impairment of RPE functions such as metabolic regulation leads to the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and inherited retinal degenerative diseases.

Pars plana vitrectomy relieves the depression in patients with symptomatic vitreous floaters.

Aim: To investigate the depressive state among the patients with symptomatic vitreous floaters (SVF), as well as its change after SVF removal vitrectomy surgery.

Methods: Twenty-eight eyes of 28 patients who underwent 27-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for SVF were included. Thirty-nine eyes of 39 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers without SVF were also recruited as a healthy control.

Targeting neuronal and glial cell types with synthetic promoter AAVs in mice, non-human primates and humans.

Targeting genes to specific neuronal or glial cell types is valuable for both understanding and repairing brain circuits. Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are frequently used for gene delivery, but targeting expression to specific cell types is an unsolved problem. We created a library of 230 AAVs, each with a different synthetic promoter designed using four independent strategies.

Sutureless Intrascleral Haptic-Hook Lens Implantation Using 25-Gauge Trocars.

Purpose: To report a new technique for sutureless intrascleral fixation of three-piece foldable intraocular lenses (IOLs) using 25-gauge trocars.

Methods: We performed this technique on patients with insufficient posterior capsule support. Seventeen eyes from 15 patients with aphakia, dislocated IOL, or subluxated crystalline lens undergoing posterior chamber sutureless implantation of an IOL were studied.

Air tamponade and without heavy liquid usage in pars plana vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair.

Aim: To report the results of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) without operative use of heavy liquid, and utilizing air tamponade in selected cases.

Methods: RRD patients without severity of proliferative vitreoretinopathy C or more underwent PPV without operative use of heavy liquid, and utilizing air tamponade were consecutively enrolled. Alternative postoperative facedown position or lateral position was required for 3-5d.

A comparison between topical and retrobulbar anesthesia in 27-gauge vitrectomy for vitreous floaters: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: To compare the safety and efficacy of topical anesthesia versus retrobulbar anesthesia in 27-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for vitreous floaters.

Methods: 30 patients with vitreous floaters were randomized into Group T (topical anesthesia, proparacaine eye drop) and Group R (retrobulbar anesthesia), and underwent 27-gauge PPV. A 5-point visual analogue pain scale (VAPS) was used to assess patients' pain experience of anesthesia and surgery procedure (during surgery, 2 h and 1 day after surgery).

Surgical Outcomes of 27-Gauge Pars PLana Vitrectomy for Symptomatic Vitreous Floaters.

Purpose: To report the surgical outcomes of 27-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for symptomatic vitreous floaters.

Methods: 47 eyes of 47 patients (39 males, 83.0%) with symptomatic vitreous floaters who underwent 27-gauge PPV and followed up for more than 6 months were included.

Mutational screening of SLC39A5, LEPREL1 and LRPAP1 in a cohort of 187 high myopia patients.

High myopia (HM) is a leading cause of mid-way blindness with a high heritability in East Asia. Although only a few disease genes have been reported, a small proportion of patients could be identified with genetic predispositions. In order to expand the mutation spectrum of the causative genes in Chinese adult population, we investigated three genes, SLC39A5, LEPREL1 and LRPAP1, in a cohort of 187 independent Chinese patients with high myopia.

The Impact of the Menstrual Cycle on Perioperative Bleeding in Vitreoretinal Surgery.

To investigate the effect of menstrual cycle on perioperative bleeding of primary vitreoretinal surgery. Data on female patients who had vitrectomy surgery was retrospectively collected. Exclusion criteria were history of trauma, vitreous hemorrhage, previous vitreoretinal surgery, diabetic retinopathy, endophthalmitis, acute retinal necrosis, single vitreous opacity, and use of antiplatelet agents.

The Safety and Efficacy of Adjustable Postoperative Position after Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.

To report the safety and efficacy of adjustable postoperative position for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Retrospective review of 536 consecutive RRD eyes that underwent vitrectomy surgery for retina repair from year 2008 to 2014. The retinal breaks were divided into superior, lateral (nasal, temporal, and macular), and inferior locations, according to the clock of breaks.

Targeted RP9 ablation and mutagenesis in mouse photoreceptor cells by CRISPR-Cas9.

Precursor messenger RNA (Pre-mRNA) splicing is an essential biological process in eukaryotic cells. Genetic mutations in many spliceosome genes confer human eye diseases. Mutations in the pre-mRNA splicing factor, RP9 (also known as PAP1), predispose autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP) with an early onset and severe vision loss.

27-Gauge Vitrectomy for Symptomatic Vitreous Floaters with Topical Anesthesia.

Purpose: Traditionally acceptable methods of anesthesia for vitrectomy surgery are quite varied. However, each of these methods has its own potential for complications that can range from minor to severe. The surgery procedure of vitrectomy for symptomatic vitreous floaters is much simpler, mainly reflecting in the nonuse of sclera indentation, photocoagulation, and the apparently short surgery duration.

Toll-Like Receptor 3 Activation Initiates Photoreceptor Cell Death In Vivo and In Vitro.

Purpose: Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that excessive immunoreaction plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis of dry AMD. Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) can be activated by double-stranded (ds)RNA in retinal pigment epithelia and trigger an innate immunity-mediated inflammatory response. However, its role in photoreceptor cells, the effectors of AMD geographic atrophy, remains unclear.

Endophthalmitis following 27-Gauge Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Vitreous Floaters.

Purpose: To report a case of endophthalmitis following 27-gauge pars plana vitrectomy for symptomatic vitreous floaters.

Methods: The clinical course and imaging findings, including fundus optomap, and spectral domain optical coherence tomography of a 24-year-old male patient were documented.

Results: The patient, with a preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 1.

Comparison of the silicone oil removal rate between vitrectomy and manual syringe negative pressure approach.

The purpose of this study was to compare the silicone oil removal rate between vitrectomy and manual syringe negative pressure approach. Thirty-five silicone oil-filled eyes were enrolled and allocated for manual (n = 19) and vitrectomy (n = 16) removal approaches. For manual approach, a 10-ml syringe was connected to the 23-gauge cannula through a short section of blood transfusion tube.

[Relative factors of retinal detachment after phacoemulsification cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation].

Objective: To investigate the incidence and related factors of retinal detachment (RD) after phacoemulsification cataract extraction and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in an unselected patient group.

Methods: This retrospective review was comprised of 10 076 cataract patients (13 625 eyes) who had phacoemulsification cataract extraction and IOL implantation from December 1, 1998 to September 30, 2008. The patients were of different ages, gender, left or right eye and different type of cataracts.

Anterior segment complications after phacoemu-lsification combined vitrectomy and foldable intraocular lens implantation.

Aim: To evaluate the anterior segment complications of phacovitrectomy and foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in eyes with significant cataract and co-existing vitreoretinal diseases.

Methods: This retrospective study was consisted of 285 eyes of 238 patients with various vitreoretinal abnormalities and visually significant cataracts. Vitreoretinal surgery was combined with phacoemulsification and foldable IOL implantation.