SUMOylation of PDPK1 Is required to maintain glycolysis-dependent CD4 T-cell homeostasis.

The immune system is finely tuned to fight against infections, eradicate neoplasms, and prevent autoimmunity. Protein posttranslational modification (PTM) constitutes a molecular layer of regulation to guarantee the proper intensity of immune response. Herein, we report that UBC9-mediated protein SUMOylation plays an essential role in peripheral CD4 T-cell proliferation, but without a perceptible impact on T-cell polarization.

Underwater image enhancement using adaptive color restoration and dehazing.

Underwater images captured by optical cameras can be degraded by light attenuation and scattering, which leads to deteriorated visual image quality. The technique of underwater image enhancement plays an important role in a wide range of subsequent applications such as image segmentation and object detection. To address this issue, we propose an underwater image enhancement framework which consists of an adaptive color restoration module and a haze-line based dehazing module.

Electrochemical Detection of Nuciferine in the Lotus Leaf Based on Efficient Catalysis by Zirconium-MOFs.

Background: Nuciferine is an amorphine alkaloid in lotus leaf that has anti-inflammatory, lipid-lowering and hypoglycemic effects, so the quantitation of detected nuciferine is important.

Objective: An electrochemical method was developed for nuciferine detection based on efficient catalysis by Zr-MOFs (Metal-organic frameworks).

Methods: In this work, the ratiometric electrochemical method was developed for nuciferine detection based on efficient catalysis by Zr-MOFs.

Dual function metal-organic frameworks based ratiometric electrochemical sensor for detection of doxorubicin.

Cancer is one of the main diseases threatening human health in the world. Doxorubicin (DOX) is a common anti-cancer drug that can be used for chemotherapy to extend a cancer patient's life. It is our common wish that treatment process of cancer is efficient and secure.

CKAP4 contributes to the progression of vascular calcification (VC) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) by modulating YAP phosphorylation and MMP2 expression.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an growing public health concern associated with high mortality rates. The occurrences of vascular calcification (VC) increase concordantly with the progression of CKD.With CKD, hyperphosphatemia promotes intermediate VC, a process that is further facilitated by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) initiating osteogenic transdifferentiation.

A label-free electrochemical immunosensor for CA125 detection based on CMK-3(Au/Fc@MgAl-LDH) multilayer nanocomposites modification.

A label-free electrochemical immunosensor was constructed for cancer antigen 125 (CA125) detection based on multiple-enlargement means of layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly of ordered mesoporous carbon (CMK-3), gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and MgAl layered double hydroxides containing ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc@MgAl-LDH). A CMK-3(Au/Fc@MgAl-LDH)n multilaminate nanocomposites was designed using technology of LBL self-assembly among negatively charged Au NPs, positively charged CMK-3 and Fc@MgAl-LDH nanosheets. The CMK-3(Au/Fc@MgAl-LDH)n multilaminate nanocomposites was used as carriers to increase the immobilization of antibody and the number of loading Fc, conductors to strengthen conductivity and enhancers to amplify signal of Fc step-by-step.

TLR13 contributes to skeletal muscle atrophy by increasing insulin resistance in chronic kidney disease.

Objectives: Insulin resistance in chronic kidney disease (CKD) stimulates muscle wasting, but the molecular processes behind the resistance are undetermined. However, inflammation in skeletal muscle is implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and cachexia. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are known to regulate local innate immune responses, and microarray data have shown that Tlr13 is upregulated in the muscles of mice with CKD, but the relevance is unknown.

Pre-transplant Transcriptional Signature in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Acute Renal Allograft Rejection.

Acute rejection (AR) is closely associated with renal allograft dysfunction. Here, we utilised RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and bioinformatic methods to characterise the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with acute renal allograft rejection. Pretransplant blood samples were collected from 32 kidney allograft donors and 42 corresponding recipients with biopsies classified as T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR, = 18), antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR, = 5), and normal/non-specific changes (non-AR, = 19).

The Therapeutic Potential of Zinc-Alpha2-Glycoprotein (AZGP1) in Fibrotic Kidney Disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by a long-term loss of kidney function and, in most cases, by progressive fibrosis. Zinc-alpha2-glycoprotein (AZGP1) is a secreted protein, which is expressed in many different tissues and has been associated with a variety of functions. In a previous study, we have shown in cell culture and in AZGP1 deficient mice that AZGP1 has protective anti-fibrotic effects.

UdgX-Mediated Uracil Sequencing at Single-Nucleotide Resolution.

As an aberrant base in DNA, uracil is generated by either deoxyuridine (dU) misincorporation or cytosine deamination, and involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes. Genome-wide profiles of uracil are important for study of these processes. Current methods for whole-genome mapping of uracil all rely on uracil-DNA N-glycosylase (UNG) and are limited in resolution, specificity, and/or sensitivity.

Combined effects of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metals on oxidative stress among healthy adults in Caofeidian, China.

Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals is associated with many adverse effects on human health, accompanied by oxidative stress. This study aimed to investigate the effects of co-exposure to PAHs and metals on oxidative stress in healthy adults. A preliminary longitudinal panel study was conducted between 2017 and 2018 in 45 healthy college students in Caofeidian, China.

EFEMP1 rare variants cause familial juvenile-onset open-angle glaucoma.

Juvenile open-angle glaucoma (JOAG) is a severe type of glaucoma with onset before age 40 and dominant inheritance. Using exome sequencing we identified 3 independent families from the Philippines with novel EFEMP1 variants (c.238A>T, p.

Association of Seafood Consumption and Mercury Exposure With Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality Among US Adults.

Importance: Although seafood is known to contain heart-healthy omega-3 fatty acids, many people choose to limit their seafood consumption because of fear of mercury exposure from seafood. It is imperative to clarify the potential health effects of current mercury exposure in contemporary populations.

Objective: To examine the association of seafood consumption and mercury exposure with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality in the US general population.

Advances and Future Perspective on Detection Technology of Human Norovirus.

Human norovirus (HuNoV) is a food-borne pathogen that causes acute gastroenteritis in people of all ages worldwide. However, no approved vaccines and antiviral drugs are available at present. Therefore, the development of accurate and rapid detection technologies is important in controlling the outbreak of HuNoVs.

Telomere shortening in patients on long-term hemodialysis.

Background: Leukocyte telomere length shortening is a characteristic of premature senescence, a process that can be accelerated by oxidative stress. In general, patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing regular hemodialysis (HD) are repeatedly exposed to oxidative stress. Patients undergoing HD tend to have cardiovascular diseases associated with oxidative stress and inflammation.

C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1/receptor 1 regulates the M1 polarization and chemotaxis of macrophages after hypoxia/reoxygenation injury.

Background: Macrophages play an important role in renal ischemia reperfusion injury, but the functional changes of macrophages under hypoxia/reoxygenation and the related mechanism are unclear and need to be further clarified.

Methods: The effects of hypoxia/reoxygenation on functional characteristics of RAW264.7 macrophages were analyzed through the protein expression detection of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α and CD80, anti-inflammatory factors ARG-1 and CD206.

Personal PM-bound PAH exposure, oxidative stress and lung function: The associations and mediation effects in healthy young adults.

Decreased lung function is an early hazard of respiratory damage from fine particulate matter (PM) exposure. Limited studies have explored the association between PM-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and lung function, but studies at the personal level in healthy young adults are scarce. Here, we assessed personal PM and PM-bound PAH levels in a panel of 45 healthy young adults by a time-weighted model.

Enhanced metal-support interaction between Pd and hierarchical NbO oxygen defect induction to promote CO oxidative coupling to dimethyl oxalate.

Production of ethylene glycol from coal is a particularly interesting route as it is an economic alternative to the petrochemical-based route. In this process, effectively generating dimethyl oxalate (DMO) is a crucial step by CO oxidative coupling reaction under Pd-based catalysts. However, the aggregation of Pd species over the support is still an issue that relates to the deterioration of catalytic activity and stability.

A hidden structural variation in a known IRD gene: a cautionary tale of two new disease candidate genes.

Rod-cone dystrophy (RCD), also known as retinitis pigmentosa, is an inherited condition leading to vision loss, affecting 1 in 3500 people. More than 270 genes are known to be implicated in the inherited retinal degenerations (IRDs), yet genetic diagnosis for ∼30% of IRD of patients remains elusive despite advances in sequencing technologies. The goal of this study was to determine the genetic causality in a family with RCD.

The benefits of sacubitril-valsartan in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: We aimed to investigate whether sacubitril-valsartan could further improve the prognosis, cardiac function, and left ventricular (LV) remodelling in patients following acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods And Results: We searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) from inception to 10 May 2021 to identify potential articles. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) meeting the inclusion criteria were included and analysed.

Trends in Mortality From Parkinson Disease in the United States, 1999-2019.

Background And Objectives: The mortality from Parkinson disease (PD) and its long-term trends in the United States in recent decades remains unknown. This study aimed to describe the trends in PD mortality in the United States from 1999 to 2019.

Methods: We used data from the National Vital Statistics System, a nationwide, population-based death registry, to determine national trends in PD mortality, overall and by age, sex, race/ethnicity, urban-rural classification, and geographic location.

[An optimized protocol of meniscus cell extraction for single-cell RNA sequencing].

Objective: To optimize the protocol of meniscus cell extraction to enhance the efficiency of cell suspension preparation and maintain a high cell viability for single-cell RNA sequencing.

Methods: We compared the efficiency of the routine cell extraction methods (short-time digestion and long-time digestion) and the optimized protocol for obtaining meniscus cell suspensions by evaluating the cell number obtained and the cell viability. Single-cell RNA sequencing datasets were analyzed to evaluate the stability of the cell suspension prepared using the optimized protocol.

Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and Mapping of T1 and T2 Relaxation Time for Evaluation of Chronic Renal Allograft Rejection in a Translational Mouse Model.

We hypothesized that multiparametric MRI is able to non-invasively assess, characterize and monitor renal allograft pathology in a translational mouse model of chronic allograft rejection. Chronic rejection was induced by allogenic kidney transplantation (ktx) of BALB/c-kidneys into C57BL/6-mice ( = 23). Animals after isogenic ktx ( = 18) and non-transplanted healthy animals ( = 22) served as controls.

Butyrate ameliorates skeletal muscle atrophy in diabetic nephropathy by enhancing gut barrier function and FFA2-mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR signals.

Background And Purpose: Muscle protein catabolism in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) results in striking loss of muscle proteins, which increases morbidity and mortality risks. Evidence shows that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play an important role in health maintenance and disease development. Recently, the connection between butyrate (a SCFA) and DN has been revealed, although the relationship between butyrate and muscle atrophy remains unclear.