Cervical cancer screening by biomarker-free Serum-SERS technique: A three-principal-substrate approach.

The complexity of serum constituents and the lack of knowledge on biomarkers bring obstacles for reliable cancer screening with the limited information obtained by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) on a single substrate. We report here an extremely high-accurate approach for cancer screening by biomarker-free serum-SERS technique which employs three principal SERS substrates that are of specially designed surface properties. With three substrates rich information on serum can be obtained from SERS spectra, of which quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA) yields excellent classifications of serum samples independently.

Construction of Silk Fibroin 3D Microfiber Scaffolds and Their Applications in Anti-Osteoporosis Drug Prediction.

Silk microfiber scaffolds have garnered increasing interest due to their outstanding properties, with degumming being the process used to extract the sericin from the cocoon. In the present study, an attempt to tune the biodegradation period of silk through degumming with various sodium borohydride (NaBH) concentrations and degumming times was studied. We considered the process, the number of baths used, and the salt concentration.

Metal Ion-Mediated Supramolecular Nanotube Catalyst for Enantioselective Reactions.

Rational control over the morphologies of supramolecular assemblies for asymmetric catalysis with enhanced enantioselectivity represents a pivotal challenge in the realm of synthetic chemistry and material technology. Herein, Cu(II) ion-mediated supramolecular nanostructures assembled from chiral amino acid-based amphiphiles (l/d-AlaC) are fabricated as chiral catalysts for Diels-Alder cycloaddition between aza-chalcone and cyclopentadiene. In particular, compared with the supramolecular nanosheet formed by l/d-AlaC without Cu(II) ions, we found that the l/d-alanine chiral amphiphile can form supramolecular nanotubes with a multilayer structure and with the thickness of the tubular wall about 15 nm through the transition from a nanoribbon to tubular structure in the presence of Cu(II) ions.

growth of MnO nanoparticles on supramolecular polyaniline as chiral nanozymes for effective enantioselective catalysis.

growth of MnO nanoparticles (NPs) onto chiral /-polyaniline (/-PANI) scaffolds efficiently regulates the supramolecular chirality, making them function as chiral nanozymes for controllable enantioselective catalysis. Compared with the loaded MnO NPs onto /-PANI scaffolds, the enantioselectivity of the growth system is significantly enhanced due to the stronger bonding between catalytic centers and supramolecular scaffolds.

γδ T Cell-mediated Tumor Immunity is Tightly Regulated by STING and TGF-β Signaling Pathways.

The STING pathway plays a critical role in tumor immunosurveillance. However, the precise mechanisms by which STING regulates gamma delta (γδ) T cell function during tumor progression remain unclear. Herein, we find that tumor-derived cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) activates a distinct STING pathway by inducing TBK1-mediated phosphorylation of Eomes in γδ T cells during the early stage of tumor development is demonstrated.

Age-Related Differences in the Association between Life's Essential 8 and Cognition in Cognitively Normal Adults: The CABLE Study.

Background: This study investigated the relationship between Life's Essential 8 (LE8), a recently updated lifestyle-related health factor, and cognition across multiple life stages.

Methods: We enrolled 1098 cognitively normal participants from the Chinese Alzheimer's Biomarker and Lifestyle (CABLE) study. We investigated the interactions between age and LE8 on cognition.

Hofmeister effect enhanced SiO/gelatin-based hydrophobically associated hydrogels and their lubricating properties.

In recent years, hydrogel materials with suitable energy dissipation mechanisms and excellent mechanical properties have attracted much attention in tissue engineering due to their ability to mimic the natural cartilage structure. However, in cartilage tissue's regeneration and repair process, hydrogel materials should also possess satisfactory lubrication properties and biocompatibility. Therefore, preparing biocompatible low friction, high toughness hydrogels remain a challenge.

Disease response in rheumatoid arthritis across four biologic therapies associates with improvement in paraoxonase-1 activity and oxylipins.

Objective: Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is a high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated enzyme, that has been implicated as a biomarker of cardiovascular risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We aimed to investigate how different biologic therapies affect levels of PON1 and oxylipins.

Methods: 1213 adult patients with RA in the Comparative Effectiveness Registry to study Therapies for Arthritis and Inflammatory CoNditions cohort study with moderate-to-high disease activity (Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) >10) who initiated a new biologic (tocilizumab (TCZ), n=296; abatacept, n=374; tumour necrosis factor inhibitors, n=427; rituximab, n=116) were followed prospectively with serum specimens analysed for PON1 activity by arylesterase (ARYL), lactonase (LAC) and PON assays at baseline and after 6 months of biologic therapy.

The Correlation Between Essential Amino Acid Tryptophan, Lysine, Phenylalanine and Chemotherapy of Breast Cancer.

To investigate the differences in serum tryptophan, lysine, and phenylalanine levels in breast cancer patients, the correlation between the three amino acids with the chemotherapy regimen, and their significance in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.Clinical data were collected from the Department of Breast Surgery at Yunnan Cancer Hospital, encompassing 216 cases from July to December 2020, including 91 healthy individuals, 38 with benign tumors, and 87 with cancer. Amino acid levels were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Dual-Level Reactive Oxygen Species Amplifier for Enhanced Photothermal-Chemodynamic Therapy.

Chemodynamic therapy is an appealing modality in cancer treatment. However, its therapeutic effectiveness is impeded by insufficient catalytic efficiency and overexpression of glutathione (GSH) at the tumor site. In this study, a poly(-phenylenediamine) (PoPD)@copper sulfide (CuS) nanoplatform was developed as dual-level reactive oxygen species (ROS) amplifier for enhanced photothermal-chemodynamic therapy.

A bibliometric analysis of global research on microbial immune microenvironment in melanoma from 2012 to 2022.

Background: Melanoma is an aggressive malignancy primarily impacting the skin, mucous membranes, and pigment epithelium. The tumor microbial microenvironment encompasses both the microorganisms inhabiting the tumor vicinity and the environmental factors influencing their interactions. Emerging evidence highlights the pivotal role of the microbial immune microenvironment in melanoma.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Fibroblast Activation Protein Using a Targeted Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agent.

The aim of this study was to synthesize a quinoline-based MRI contrast agent, Gd-DOTA-FAPI04, and assess its capacity for targeting fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-positive tumors in vivo. Gd-DOTA-FAPI04 was synthesized by attaching a 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) complex of gadolinium(III) to FAP inhibitor FAPI04. The longitudinal relaxation time (T1) of the contrast agent was measured using a Siemens Prisma 3.

Water isotope ratios reflect convection intensity rather than rain type proportions in the pantropics.

Against the traditional view, a recently published theory argued that isotope ratios are higher in convective precipitation but lower in stratiform precipitation and proposed that isotope ratios reflect rain type proportions. This theory has been widely cited despite some early reservations. Whether the theory represents a faithful reflection of signals of water isotope ratios remains unclear.

Effect of Long-Snake Moxibustion on Gut Microbiota of Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis.

Objective: The objectively was to study the effect of long-snake moxibustion intervention on gut microbiota of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) by 16S rDNA sequencing technology.

Methods: Thirty AS patients and 30 healthy volunteers were recruited and treated with long-snake moxibustion once a week for 12 weeks. AS patients were divided into pretreatment and posttreatment groups.

Osteoarthritis, osteoarthritis treatment and risk of incident dementia: a prospective cohort study based on UK Biobank.

Background: We aimed to investigate the association between OA and treatment with dementia risk and structural brain abnormalities.

Methods: We recruited a total of 466,460 individuals from the UK Biobank to investigate the impact of OA on the incidence of dementia. Among the total population, there were 63,081 participants diagnosed with OA.

Improving Antibiotic Stewardship in a Pediatric Long-term Care Facility.

Objectives: Antimicrobial stewardship is little studied in pediatric long-term care facilities. We sought to determine whether empirical ciprofloxacin for febrile respiratory illnesses could be safely reduced in our pediatric long-term care facility.

Methods: All patients living in the 45-bed facility were included.

Expression and Clinical Relevance of Serum LncRNA NEAT1 and microRNA-31 in Patients with Advanced Lung Cancer and Pulmonary Infection.

Background: Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with a substantial proportion of patients suffering from concurrent pulmonary infections. Despite advances in treatment modalities, the early diagnosis of lung cancer complicated by pulmonary infection remains challenging, often resulting in delayed intervention and poorer prognosis.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the expression and significance of serum long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) NEAT1 and microRNA-31 in patients with advanced lung cancer complicated by pulmonary infection.

Optimal Strategies for Autologous Fat Grafting in Breast Augmentation and Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Background: Currently, cell-assisted lipotransfer (CAL) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) -assisted lipotransfer have been used to overcome the low survival rate of conventional lipotransfer. However, there is still insufficient evidence to determine which technique is the best strategy for autologous fat grafting in breast cosmetic and reconstructive surgery.

Objective: The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of traditional fat transplantation, CAL, and PRP-assisted lipotransfer.

Efficacy and safety of pyrotinib-based regimens in HER2 positive metastatic breast cancer: A retrospective real-world data study.

Objective: Pyrotinib is a novel irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has shown efficacy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC). This study explored the efficacy and safety of pyrotinib in the treatment of HER2-positive MBC patients in the real world.

Methods: From September 2018 to February 2022, 137 female patients with HER2-positive MBC treated in this center were enrolled in this study.

Arginine-Rich Peptide-Rhodium Nanocluster@Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite as a Highly Selective and Active Uricase-like Nanozyme for the Degradation of Uric Acid and Inhibition of Urate Crystal.

Metal nanozymes have offered attractive opportunities for biocatalysis and biomedicine. However, fabricating nanozymes simultaneously possessing highly catalytic selectivity and activity remains a great challenge due to the lack of three-dimensional (3D) architecture of the catalytic pocket in natural enzymes. Here, we integrate rhodium nanocluster (RhNC), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and protamine (PRTM, a typical arginine-rich peptide) into a composite facilely based on the single peptide.