Emerging roles of mechanosensitive ion channels in ventilator induced lung injury: a systematic review.

Background: The pathogenetic mechanisms of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) still need to be elucidated. The mechanical forces during mechanical ventilation are continually sensed and transmitted by mechanosensitive ion channels (MSICs) in pulmonary endothelial, epithelial, and immune cells. In recent years, MSICs have been shown to be involved in VILI.

Risk factors associated with indoor transmission during home quarantine of COVID-19 patients.

Purpose: The study aimed to identify potential risk factors for family transmission and to provide precautionary guidelines for the general public during novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) waves.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study with numerous COVID-19 patients recruited was conducted in Shanghai. Epidemiological data including transmission details, demographics, vaccination status, symptoms, comorbidities, antigen test, living environment, residential ventilation, disinfection and medical treatment of each participant were collected and risk factors for family transmission were determined.

Effect of continuing the use of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors on mortality in patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression analysis.

Background: The effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) on mortality was preliminarily explored through the comparison of ACEIs/ARBs with non-ACEIs/ARBs in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Reaching a conclusion on whether previous ACEI/ARB treatment should be continued in view of the different ACE2 levels in the comparison groups was not unimpeachable. Therefore, this study aimed to further elucidate the effect of ACEI/ARB continuation on hospital mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in the same patient population.

Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for Diagnosing Infections in Lung Transplant Recipients: A Retrospective Study.

Accurate identification of pathogens is essential for the diagnosis and control of infections. We aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and conventional detection methods (CDM) in lung transplant recipients (LTRs). We retrospectively analyzed 107 LTRs with suspected infection of pulmonary, blood, central nervous system or chest wall between March 2018 and November 2020.

Sporadic Dissemination of (X3) and (X6) Mediated by Highly Diverse Plasmidomes among Livestock-Associated Acinetobacter.

The emergence of high-level tigecycline resistance mediated by plasmid-borne (X) genes greatly threatens the clinical effectiveness of tigecycline. However, the dissemination pattern of plasmid-borne (X) genes remains unclear. We here recovered (X)-positive Acinetobacter isolates from 684 fecal and environmental samples collected at six livestock farms.

The Roles of Bacteria and Viruses in Bronchiectasis Exacerbation: A Prospective Study.

Background: Exacerbations are crucial events during bronchiectasis progression.

Objectives: To explore the associations between bacterial, viral, and bacterial plus viral isolations and bronchiectasis exacerbations.

Methods: In this prospective study, we enrolled 108 patients who were followed up every 3-6 months and at onset of exacerbations between March 2017 and November 2018.

Ultra-low dose rituximab as add-on therapy in anti-MDA5-positive patients with polymyositis /dermatomyositis associated ILD.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultra-low dose (100 mg) rituximab (RTX) administration in anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) positive patients with polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM) associated interstitial lung disease.

Methods: This retrospective study included anti-MDA5 antibody positive ILD subjects in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from November 2017 to March 2019. Independent predictors for 180-day mortality were measured by Cox regression analysis.

The Interactions of Airway Bacterial and Fungal Communities in Clinically Stable Asthma.

Dysbiotic airway microbiota play important roles in the inflammatory progression of asthma, and exploration of airway microbial interactions further elucidates asthma pathogenesis. However, little is known regarding the airway bacterial-fungal interactions in asthma patients. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of the sputum bacterial and fungal microbiota from 116 clinically stable asthma patients and 29 healthy controls using 16S rRNA gene and ITS1 sequencing.

The Role of Epstein-Barr Virus in Adults With Bronchiectasis: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is implicated in the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We aimed to determine whether EBV correlates with bronchiectasis severity, exacerbations, and progression.

Methods: We collected induced sputum in healthy controls and spontaneous sputum at 3-6-month intervals and onset of exacerbations in bronchiectasis patients between March 2017 and October 2018.

The Roles of Bacteria and Viruses in Bronchiectasis Exacerbation: A Prospective Study.

Background: Exacerbations are crucial events during bronchiectasis progression.

Objectives: To explore the associations between bacterial, viral, and bacterial plus viral isolations and bronchiectasis exacerbations.

Methods: In this prospective study, we enrolled 108 patients who were followed up every 3-6 months and at onset of exacerbations between March 2017 and November 2018.

Strategies for the prevention and management of coronavirus disease 2019.

Early protection, early identification, early diagnosis, and early isolation are crucial to combat with Covid-19 outbreaks

The effectiveness, safety and compliance of Zheng's supine rehabilitation exercise as a rehabilitation programme among elderly patients with AECOPD.

Purpose: We investigated the effectiveness, safety and compliance of Zheng's Supine Rehabilitation Exercise (ZSRE) as a rehabilitation programme among elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).

Patients And Methods: About 82 elderly patients with AECOPD were divided into a rehabilitation group and control group on their admission day, and both groups received routine medical treatment. Patients in the rehabilitation group started ZSRE on the second day of admission and continued until 8 weeks after discharge.

Scutellarin protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Background: Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome plays a key role in cardiac dysfunction for acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Scutellarin (Scu) is a flavonoid purified from Erigeron breviscapus. Whether Scu has any influence on the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in cardiomyocytes remains unknown.

[Research methods and applications progress on spectrum-effect relationships in study of traditional Chinese medicine].

The application of chemical fingerprint to evaluate the quality of traditional Chinese medicine has been widely accepted and used in many countries. However,only by analyzing the type and content of its chemical components to evaluate the quality of traditional Chinese medicines,the gold standard of quality evaluation by evaluating pharmacodynamic effects is ignored. The study of Chinese medicinal spectrum-effect relationships combining the chemical composition with the pharmacodynamic activity of traditional Chinese medicine,which can evaluate the quality of traditional Chinese medicine from more comprehensive and different angles,has been applied in many fields of traditional Chinese medicine research.

Sputum Exosomal microRNAs Profiling Reveals Critical Pathways Modulated By Colonization In Bronchiectasis.

Background: (PA) colonization confers poor prognosis in bronchiectasis. However, the biomarkers and biological pathways underlying these associations are unclear.

Objective: To identify the roles of PA colonization in bronchiectasis by exploring for sputum exosomal microRNA profiles.

Improving mass spectrometry analysis of protein structures with arginine-selective chemical cross-linkers.

Chemical cross-linking of proteins coupled with mass spectrometry analysis (CXMS) is widely used to study protein-protein interactions (PPI), protein structures, and even protein dynamics. However, structural information provided by CXMS is still limited, partly because most CXMS experiments use lysine-lysine (K-K) cross-linkers. Although superb in selectivity and reactivity, they are ineffective for lysine deficient regions.

The Role of Follow-up Evaluation in the Diagnostic Algorithm of Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia: A Retrospective Study.

We aimed to evaluate the alteration of diagnosis of individual expert and multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) team in the longitudinal diagnostic assessment of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP). The retrospective analysis included 56 patients diagnosed as IIP by The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University with follow-up visits during Jan 1 to Aug 31 2014. Each expert was provided information in a sequential manner and was asked to assign an individual diagnosis and an MDD diagnosis after group discussion.

Health Perception and Behaviors in Adults With Bronchiectasis.

Background: Bronchiectasis is a chronic debilitating suppurative disease that significantly impacts quality of life. Clinical outcomes like exacerbations, are usually physician centered; however, the patients' experience, health-related behaviors, and expectations have frequently been neglected. In addition, patients' health perceptions may be influenced by their culture.

Analysis of influenza B virus lineages and the HA1 domain of its hemagglutinin gene in Guangzhou, southern China, during 2016.

Background: Few studies have analyzed influenza B virus lineages based on hemagglutinin A (HA) gene sequences in southern China. The present study analyzed the HA gene and the lineages of influenza B virus isolates from Guangzhou during 2016, and compared our results with the WHO-recommended vaccine strain.

Methods: Ninety patients with influenza B were recruited from the First Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University.

Altered community compositions of in adults with bronchiectasis.

Background: Bronchiectasis is a debilitating disease with chronic airway infection. , the dominant phylum, can be detected with high-throughput sequencing.

Objective: To stratify compositions according to culture findings in bronchiectasis.