Association between food security status and dietary patterns in a cohort of first-time food-aid users.

Objective: To examine the associations between food security status and dietary patterns among first-time food-aid users.

Methods: From September 2018 to January 2020, a sample of 1001 newly registered food-aid users from 106 community-based food donation organizations were recruited across urban, rural, and peri-urban areas in four administrative regions of the province of Quebec, Canada. The Household Food Security Survey Module (HFSSM) and the Short Diet Questionnaire (SDQ) were used to assess food security status and food intake, respectively.

Evaluating the Effects of Prostate Radiotherapy Intensified with Pelvic Nodal Radiotherapy and Androgen Deprivation Therapy on Myelosuppression: Single-Institution Experience.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) management commonly involves the utilization of prostate radiotherapy (PRT), pelvic nodal radiotherapy (PNRT), and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). However, the potential association of these treatment modalities with bone marrow (BM) suppression remains inadequately reported in the existing literature. This study is designed to comprehensively evaluate the risk of myelosuppression associated with PRT, shedding light on an aspect that has been underrepresented in prior research.

Characterizing Trends in the Use of Food Donations and Other Food-Related Community-Based Social Assistance Programs in a Cohort of New Food Bank Users in Quebec, Canada.

To characterize 12-month trends in the use of food donations and other food-related community-based social assistance programs (CB-SAPs) during the first year following the enrollment of new food bank (FB) users in Quebec, Canada. A cohort of 1,001 newly registered FB-users in Quebec from the Pathways Study were followed-up during 12-month following baseline assessment. Outcomes were monthly use of food donations and other food-related CB-SAPs.

The Pathways study: a cohort study of new food-aid users in rural, semi urban, and urban areas of Quebec, Canada.

Background: While considerable research has been conducted on household food insecurity (HFI), little research has examined the effects of food donation programs on users' living conditions. The Pathways study was established to investigate the long-term effects of food donation programs on food insecurity as well as other critical outcomes, such as diet, health, and social support. Herein, we describe the design of the Pathways Study and the participants' characteristics at baseline.

Engaging with community organizations to recruit and retain vulnerable adults: The Pathways Study.

•Researchers must overcome multiple barriers in recruiting and retaining research participants living in conditions of vulnerability.•A comprehensive recruitment strategy that combines various elements tailored to vulnerable populations is required.•Most studies describing recruitment and retention of participants from vulnerable populations pertain to clinical settings.

The epileptology of Aicardi-Goutières syndrome: electro-clinical-radiological findings.

Objective: Although epileptic seizures occur in approximately a quarter of patients with Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS), their phenotypic and electrophysiological characterization remains elusive. The aim of our study was to characterize epilepsy phenotypes and electroencephalographic (EEG) patterns in AGS and look for possible correlations with clinical, genetic and neuroradiological features.

Methods: We selected patients with an established AGS diagnosis followed at three Italian reference centers.

What Health System Challenges Should Responsible Innovation in Health Address? Insights From an International Scoping Review.

Background: While responsible innovation in health (RIH) suggests that health innovations could be purposefully designed to better support health systems, little is known about the system-level challenges that it should address. The goal of this paper is thus to document what is known about health systems' demand for innovations.

Methods: We searched 8 databases to perform a scoping review of the scientific literature on health system challenges published between January 2000 and April 2016.

Health-Related Quality of Life for Patients With Genetically Determined Leukoencephalopathy.

Background: We attempted to characterize the health-related quality of life in patients with genetically determined leukoencephalopathies as it relates to the severity of clinical features and the presence or absence of a precise molecular diagnosis.

Methods: Health-related quality of life was assessed using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory model (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 Self- and Proxy-reports) on 59 patients diagnosed with genetically determined leukoencephalopathies.

What do we know about the needs and challenges of health systems? A scoping review of the international literature.

Background: While there is an extensive literature on Health System (HS) strengthening and on the performance of specific HSs, there are few exhaustive syntheses of the challenges HSs are facing worldwide. This paper reports the findings of a scoping review aiming to classify the challenges of HSs investigated in the scientific literature. Specifically, it determines the kind of research conducted on HS challenges, where it was performed, in which health sectors and on which populations.

Associations between the local food environment and the severity of food insecurity among new families using community food security interventions in Montreal.

Objectives: To examine the association between the local food environment and the severity of food insecurity among new families using community food security interventions in Montreal.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed baseline data from 785 adults aged 18-65 years enrolled in the evaluation of the effects of organizations delivering community food security interventions in Montreal. The dependent variable was household food insecurity, while the independent variable was the local food environment, assessed through: location of the most frequently used grocery store, distance between the participant's residence and the community organization used, mode of transportation, walking time to the most frequently used grocery store, satisfaction with the acceptability and affordability of food available at the most frequently used grocery store, and self-reported difficulties in accessing food.

Short-Term Effects of Traditional and Alternative Community Interventions to Address Food Insecurity.

Background: Despite the effects of food insecurity on health are well documented, clear governmental policies to face food insecurity do not exist in western countries. In Canada, interventions to face food insecurity are developed at the community level and can be categorized into two basic strategies: those providing an immediate response to the need for food, defined "traditional" and those targeting the improvement of participants' social cohesion, capabilities and management of their own nutrition, defined "alternative".

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of food insecurity interventions on food security status and perceived health of participants.

320-Row Multidetector CT Angiography in the Detection of Critical Cerebrovascular Anomalies.

Background: The acquisition of a new 320-row multidetector computed tomography angiography (CTA) scanner at the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital has provided higher quality imaging with less radiation exposure and shorter time of acquisition. However, its reliability has not been fully proven in critical vascular lesions when it comes to replacing a more invasive examination such as cerebral angiography. We wished to validate the accuracy of this equipment to investigate four common indications for patients to undergo conventional digital subtraction angiography: subarachnoid hemorrhage, vasospasm, unusual intracerebral hemorrhage, and unruptured aneurysm.

Paradoxically Decreased Mean Transit Time in Patients Presenting With Acute Stroke.

Objective: Computed tomography perfusion (CTP) has become a mainstay in acute stroke management. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of an unreported phenomenon of a paradoxically decreased mean transit time (MTT) in the cerebral area of ischemia.

Methods: In this retrospective study, patients with an acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke were selected.

Neuroradiologic patterns and novel imaging findings in Aicardi-Goutières syndrome.

Objective: To perform an updated characterization of the neuroradiologic features of Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS).

Methods: The neuroradiologic data of 121 subjects with AGS were collected. The CT and MRI data were analyzed with a systematic approach.

Food capacities and satisfaction in participants in food security community interventions in Montreal, Canada.

Food insecurity is steadily increasing in Canada. The objective of this paper is to determine if food capacities and satisfaction of recently enrolled participants in food security interventions are associated with the intervention having either a traditional or an alternative type of approach. Participants having recently accessed traditional (n = 711) or alternative community interventions (n = 113) in the Montreal metropolitan area, Canada, were interviewed with a questionnaire.

320-Row Multidetector Computed Tomographic Angiogram in the Evaluation of Cerebral Vasospasm After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Pilot Study.

Objective: To objectively assess the accuracy of 320-row multidetector computed tomographic (CT) angiography to diagnose cerebral vasospasm after a subarachnoid hemorrhage using a new quantitative method.

Methods: Fifty-four arterial segments were measured in 8 patients who had subarachnoid hemorrhage and underwent digital subtraction angiography within 24 hours after CT angiography for clinical suspicion of cerebral vasospasm.

Results: A correlation between arterial diameters measurements made on CT angiography and digital subtraction angiography was observed.

Traditional and alternative community food security interventions in Montréal, Québec: different practices, different people.

Food insecurity is steadily increasing in developed countries. Traditional interventions adopted to tackle food insecurity, like food banks, address the urgent need for food. By contrast, alternative interventions, such as community gardens and kitchens, are oriented towards social integration and the development of mutual aid networks.

Process evaluation of European 'Healthy Stadia' program.

Healthy Stadia (HS) is a European public health pilot-program started in 2007 to support sports stadia in promoting the health of people who work and visit sports stadia, as well as inhabitants of the surrounding communities. The aim of this study is to describe the process evaluation of the program, from its beginning in July 2007 to December 2009, in order to assess the feasibility and sustainability of an HS network across Europe. The program involved nine associate partners involved in the coordination of activities at a local level, in the recruitment of stadia, in the development of specific program tasks and in the dissemination of the program at a national level.

Linac4 low energy beam measurements with negative hydrogen ions.

Linac4, a 160 MeV normal-conducting H(-) linear accelerator, is the first step in the upgrade of the beam intensity available from the LHC proton injectors at CERN. The Linac4 Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT) line from the pulsed 2 MHz RF driven ion source, to the 352 MHz RFQ (Radiofrequency Quadrupole) has been built and installed at a test stand, and has been used to transport and match to the RFQ a pulsed 14 mA H(-) beam at 45 keV. A temporary slit-and-grid emittance measurement system has been put in place to characterize the beam delivered to the RFQ.

Reliability of cancer family history reported by parents in a case-control study of childhood leukemia.

Purpose: To investigate the reliability of family history of cancer reported by parents of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and parents of healthy control children.

Methods: A total of 301 parents were selected based on positive or negative family history of cancer at baseline, case-control status, and gender of the respondent (mother or father). Baseline responses were compared with responses at the second interview using the same questionnaire.

["Let's play with the Earth": a project of environmental education for primary school children].

Objective: Raising awareness and knowledge in Pavia Public Primary School students, and indirectly in their parents, about environmental problems like waste recycling and energy saving, developing with games the concept of separate collection of rubbish; creating an environmentally conscious awareness and sense of responsibility towards sustainable behavior.

Design: The educational program lasted six months. Data collection was performed using anonymous questionnaires, administered to "treated" students at the beginning and at the end of the program.

[Evaluation of the efficacy of a school-based program to prevent tobacco smoking among adolescents in Lombardy (Italy)].

The program "Free to choose" was a school-based program aimed at encouraging secondary school students to lead healthy lifestyles and free from tobacco smoke. The project was part of a wider project named "Free from tobacco smoke", implemented in kindergarten, elementary and secondary schools in Lombardy (Italy). The "Free to choose" program was a controlled, non randomized study involving 2,145 subjects aged 16 years, of whom 1,063 participated in the activities laid out by the program (treatment group) and 1,082 only completed the questionnaires (control group).

Asthma and risk of brain cancer in children.

Purpose: Little is known about the causes of central nervous system tumors in children. An inverse association between asthma and brain cancer was found in adults, but there is a dearth of studies in children. The goal of this study was to evaluate the association between asthma and brain cancer in children.