Gingival zenith level, position, and symmetry: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Statement Of Problem: The gingival zenith (GZ) influences the line angle position in the emergence profile and the axial inclination of the crown. Irregularities in GZ symmetry and contour have a negative impact on dental esthetics. GZ location is not consistently distal to the crown's long axis; instead, it tends to be more distal in anterior teeth.

Do Recombinant, Purified, and Concentrated Growth Factors Enhance the Regenerative Potential of Particulate Bone Graft Substitutes in Maxillary Sinus Floor Augmentation? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Purpose: To answer the following question: 'Do recombinant, purified, and concentrated growth factors enhance the regenerative potential of particulate bone graft substitutes in maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSA)?'

Materials And Methods: Human studies comparing histomorphometric data on new bone formation, residual graft material, and fibrous tissue ratio (outcomes of interest) following MSA procedures employing particulate bone grafts/substitutes in combination or not with growth factors were retrieved from PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus online databases and complemented with a hand search. Controlled studies published in English up to December 2022 and reporting on histomorphometric data expressed as volume percentage of the outcomes of interest were considered. Risk of bias was assessed, and a meta-analysis was performed to investigate the effects of supplementary growth factors on new bone formation, remaining graft particles, and fibrous tissue ratio.

Evaluation of Alveolar Bone Dimensions and Root Positioning of Anterior Teeth in the Maxilla.

Buccal bone walls present significant resorption after tooth extraction, possibly related to the smaller bone thickness, length, and the sagittal position of the root, as well as the bone morphology. The goal of the present study was to measure the thickness of the cortical bone of the vestibular and palatal walls in the anterior maxilla by means of CBCT images. Measurements were taken from CBCT scans of 300 maxillary anterior teeth from 50 patients (25 women, 25 men) aged 18 to 30 years.

Microspheres of alginate encapsulated minocycline-loaded nanocrystalline carbonated hydroxyapatite: therapeutic potential and effects on bone regeneration.

Tetracycline and its derivatives, combined with calcium phosphates, have been proposed as a delivery system to control inflammatory processes and chronic infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microspheres of alginate encapsulated minocycline-loaded nanocrystalline carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHAMINO) as a biomimetic device to carry out target-controlled drug delivery for alveolar bone repair. CHAMINO microspheres were implanted in a rat central incisor socket after 7 and 42 days.

Single-stage advanced versus rotated flaps in the treatment of gingival recessions: A 5-year longitudinal randomized clinical trial.

Background: The objective of the present study was to compare the efficacy of single-stage laterally positioned flap (LPF) and coronally advanced flap (CAF) techniques in the treatment of localized maxillary gingival recession (GR) defects, 1 and 5 years after surgical procedures.

Methods: Thirty-six patients with Miller Class I GR defects were randomly assigned to be treated by either CAF (n = 18) or LPF (n = 18). Recession height (RECH), width of keratinized tissue (WKT), probing depth (PD), vertical clinical attachment level (VAL), visual plaque score (VPS), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were assessed and compared.

Effects of methods of hydration of a biphasic ceramic graft on bone regeneration of extraction socket defects.

Background: Alveolar volumetric changes are inherent to the healing process after tooth extraction and filling of the extraction site with biomaterials can reduce these volumetric changes and provide a more favorable environment for the future prosthetic restoration with implants. Among the biomaterials available, biphasic ceramic compounds have shown promissing clinical results, however, histologic evaluation of bone tissue response to different hydration and incorporation methods are limited. The objective of this study was to comparatively evaluate in vivo the osteoconductive potential of the biphasic ceramic bone substitute (SBC) composed of beta-tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite after different hydration methodologies in rat extraction sockets.

The relationship between open versus normal contact point and inter-proximal papilla dimensions in periodontally healthy young adults: A controlled clinical trial.

Aim: The gingival architecture is determined by the spatial orientation of the gingival zenith (GZ) and the inter-dental papillae (IP). Among the factors commonly associated with the presence and morphology of the IP, the contact point (CP) and the inter-dental distance relationships have been considered the most important. The objective of the present controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the role of the CP in determining the clinical and morphometric parameters of the inter-dental papilla.

Effect of targeted delivery of bone morphogenetic protein-2 on bone formation in type 1 diabetes.

Purpose: Bone formation and healing are diminished in experimental type 1 diabetes. The present study investigated whether controlled local release of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) stimulates bone defect healing in diabetes as a consequence of its anabolic effects on bone.

Materials And Methods: Bilateral experimental circular bone defects were created in the temporal bones of 64 BALB/cByJ mice.

Human intrabony defect regeneration with rhFGF-2 and hyaluronic acid - a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Aim: The goal of this study was to evaluate if a biological hydrogel of recombinant human Fibroblast Growth Factor type 2 (rhFGF-2) in a hyaluronic acid (HA) carrier applied in periodontal intrabony defects would enhance the clinical parameters of regeneration of the periodontal attachment apparatus

Materials And Methods: Thirty adult patients were evaluated. Two intrabony defects present in contra-lateral quadrants in each patient were randomly allocated for each of the treatment methods employed. Control group (n = 30) were treated by open debridement with the papilla preservation flaps, while the test group (n = 30) also received a topical application of rhFGF-2/HA in the intrabony defect.

Superficial topography and porosity of an absorbable barrier membrane impacts soft tissue response in guided bone regeneration.

Background: Surface topography and porosity of barrier membranes is suggested to impact the soft and hard tissue response. In this study, the specific soft and hard tissue response characteristics of a synthetic polylactide membrane are evaluated including soft tissue inflammation, osteogenesis, and osteopromotion.

Methods: Analysis of porosity and surface topography of the test material was performed by scanning electron microscopy.

Three-dimensional stress distribution in the human periodontal ligament in masticatory, parafunctional, and trauma loads: finite element analysis.

Background: The presence of the periodontal ligament (PDL) makes it possible to absorb and distribute loads produced during masticatory function and other tooth contacts into the alveolar process via the alveolar bone proper. However, several factors affect the integrity of periodontal structures causing the destruction of the connective matrix and cells, the loss of fibrous attachment, and the resorption of alveolar bone.

Methods: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stress distribution by finite element analysis in a PDL in three-dimensional models of the upper central incisor under three different load conditions: 100 N occlusal loading at 45 degrees (model 1: masticatory load); 500 N at the incisal edge at 45 degrees (model 2: parafunctional habit); and 800 N at the buccal surface at 90 degrees (model 3: trauma case).