Targeted connective tissue resection with the dual-flap surgical approach in the treatment of drug-induced gingival enlargement: Case study.

Background: Drug-induced gingival enlargement (DIGE) is a common side effect of medications such as anticonvulsants, calcium channel blockers, and immunosuppressants. The treatment of choice for the condition is drug withdrawal or substitution in combination with the nonsurgical phase. In some cases, additional internal or external bevel gingivectomy is needed to achieve periodontal health.

Do Recombinant, Purified, and Concentrated Growth Factors Enhance the Regenerative Potential of Particulate Bone Graft Substitutes in Maxillary Sinus Floor Augmentation? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Purpose: To answer the following question: 'Do recombinant, purified, and concentrated growth factors enhance the regenerative potential of particulate bone graft substitutes in maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSA)?'

Materials And Methods: Human studies comparing histomorphometric data on new bone formation, residual graft material, and fibrous tissue ratio (outcomes of interest) following MSA procedures employing particulate bone grafts/substitutes in combination or not with growth factors were retrieved from PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus online databases and complemented with a hand search. Controlled studies published in English up to December 2022 and reporting on histomorphometric data expressed as volume percentage of the outcomes of interest were considered. Risk of bias was assessed, and a meta-analysis was performed to investigate the effects of supplementary growth factors on new bone formation, remaining graft particles, and fibrous tissue ratio.

Evaluation of Alveolar Bone Dimensions and Root Positioning of Anterior Teeth in the Maxilla.

Buccal bone walls present significant resorption after tooth extraction, possibly related to the smaller bone thickness, length, and the sagittal position of the root, as well as the bone morphology. The goal of the present study was to measure the thickness of the cortical bone of the vestibular and palatal walls in the anterior maxilla by means of CBCT images. Measurements were taken from CBCT scans of 300 maxillary anterior teeth from 50 patients (25 women, 25 men) aged 18 to 30 years.

Efficacy of conventional cord versus cordless techniques for gingival displacement: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Statement Of Problem: Unsatisfactory adaptation of restorations with subgingival margins can cause problems such as accumulation of biofilm, secondary caries, and inflammation of the periodontal tissue. Therefore, special attention should be given to gingival displacement and impression procedures to optimize marginal fit.

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare gingival displacement with conventional cords and cordless techniques and determine the reliability of the measurement methodologies.

Microspheres of alginate encapsulated minocycline-loaded nanocrystalline carbonated hydroxyapatite: therapeutic potential and effects on bone regeneration.

Tetracycline and its derivatives, combined with calcium phosphates, have been proposed as a delivery system to control inflammatory processes and chronic infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microspheres of alginate encapsulated minocycline-loaded nanocrystalline carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHAMINO) as a biomimetic device to carry out target-controlled drug delivery for alveolar bone repair. CHAMINO microspheres were implanted in a rat central incisor socket after 7 and 42 days.

Single-stage advanced versus rotated flaps in the treatment of gingival recessions: A 5-year longitudinal randomized clinical trial.

Background: The objective of the present study was to compare the efficacy of single-stage laterally positioned flap (LPF) and coronally advanced flap (CAF) techniques in the treatment of localized maxillary gingival recession (GR) defects, 1 and 5 years after surgical procedures.

Methods: Thirty-six patients with Miller Class I GR defects were randomly assigned to be treated by either CAF (n = 18) or LPF (n = 18). Recession height (RECH), width of keratinized tissue (WKT), probing depth (PD), vertical clinical attachment level (VAL), visual plaque score (VPS), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were assessed and compared.

Effects of methods of hydration of a biphasic ceramic graft on bone regeneration of extraction socket defects.

Background: Alveolar volumetric changes are inherent to the healing process after tooth extraction and filling of the extraction site with biomaterials can reduce these volumetric changes and provide a more favorable environment for the future prosthetic restoration with implants. Among the biomaterials available, biphasic ceramic compounds have shown promissing clinical results, however, histologic evaluation of bone tissue response to different hydration and incorporation methods are limited. The objective of this study was to comparatively evaluate in vivo the osteoconductive potential of the biphasic ceramic bone substitute (SBC) composed of beta-tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite after different hydration methodologies in rat extraction sockets.

Group 3 ITI Consensus Report: Patient-reported outcome measures associated with implant dentistry.

Objectives: The aim of Working Group 3 was to focus on three topics that were assessed using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). These topics included the following: (a) the aesthetics of tooth and implant-supported fixed dental prostheses focusing on partially edentulous patients, (b) a comparison of fixed and removable implant-retained prostheses for edentulous populations, and (c) immediate versus early/conventional loading of immediately placed implants in partially edentate patients. PROMs include ratings of satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life (QHRQoL), as well as other indicators, that is, pain, general health-related quality of life (e.

Relationship Between Clinical and Histologic Periodontal Biotypes in Humans.

Histologic and histomorphometric evaluations of gingival biopsy samples of patients presenting either a thick or a thin gingival biotype were performed. Full-thickness gingival biopsy samples were obtained and processed for histologic and histometric evaluations. Thickness of the keratinized mucosa or gingiva was found to be increased in the thick biotype.

The relationship between open versus normal contact point and inter-proximal papilla dimensions in periodontally healthy young adults: A controlled clinical trial.

Aim: The gingival architecture is determined by the spatial orientation of the gingival zenith (GZ) and the inter-dental papillae (IP). Among the factors commonly associated with the presence and morphology of the IP, the contact point (CP) and the inter-dental distance relationships have been considered the most important. The objective of the present controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the role of the CP in determining the clinical and morphometric parameters of the inter-dental papilla.

Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-Mediated Guided Bone Regeneration in Immediate Implant Placement in Molar Sites with Buccal Bone Defects.

This study compared the clinical outcomes of recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor BB and beta-tricalcium phosphate (rhPDGF-BB/βTCP) with guided bone regeneration (GBR) in immediate implant placement in molar extraction sockets with buccal bone defects versus conventional implant placement. Twenty-eight implants were placed in fourteen patients. Clinical and radiographic evaluations assessed peri-implant soft and hard tissue parameters after 12 months.

Effect of targeted delivery of bone morphogenetic protein-2 on bone formation in type 1 diabetes.

Purpose: Bone formation and healing are diminished in experimental type 1 diabetes. The present study investigated whether controlled local release of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) stimulates bone defect healing in diabetes as a consequence of its anabolic effects on bone.

Materials And Methods: Bilateral experimental circular bone defects were created in the temporal bones of 64 BALB/cByJ mice.

A clinical comparison of guided bone regeneration with platelet-derived growth factor-enhanced bone ceramic versus autogenous bone block grafting.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of guided bone regeneration (GBR) employing recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB (rhPDGF-BB) incorporated into a beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/hydroxyapatite (HA) carrier as a graft material and to compare it to autogenous bone block grafting.

Materials And Methods: Adult patients with a site that required bone grafting to increase the thickness of the alveolar bone ridge were treated. After mucoperiosteal flap elevation, experimental bone defects were treated by GBR with rhPDGF incorporated into β-TCP/HA, and control defects were treated with autogenous bone.

Human intrabony defect regeneration with rhFGF-2 and hyaluronic acid - a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Aim: The goal of this study was to evaluate if a biological hydrogel of recombinant human Fibroblast Growth Factor type 2 (rhFGF-2) in a hyaluronic acid (HA) carrier applied in periodontal intrabony defects would enhance the clinical parameters of regeneration of the periodontal attachment apparatus

Materials And Methods: Thirty adult patients were evaluated. Two intrabony defects present in contra-lateral quadrants in each patient were randomly allocated for each of the treatment methods employed. Control group (n = 30) were treated by open debridement with the papilla preservation flaps, while the test group (n = 30) also received a topical application of rhFGF-2/HA in the intrabony defect.

Influence of endodontic treatment in the post-surgical healing of human Class II furcation defects.

Background: Treatment of molar furcation defects remains a considerable challenge in clinical practice. The degree of success in the management of furcation involvement is highly variable and related to the baseline clinical status of these defects. The identification of clinical parameters influential to the treatment outcomes is critical to optimize the results of surgical periodontal therapy.

A clinical comparison of two flap designs for coronal advancement of the gingival margin: semilunar versus coronally advanced flap.

Background: The semilunar incision was introduced in oral surgery more than a century ago. The semilunar coronally re-positioned flap (SLCRF) is one of the variants of this procedure; however, no previous controlled clinical study has evaluated the SLCRF performed as originally described. The objective of the present study was to compare the clinical outcomes of the SLCRF and coronally advanced flap (CAF) procedure in the treatment of maxillary Miller class I recession (GR) defects.

Superficial topography and porosity of an absorbable barrier membrane impacts soft tissue response in guided bone regeneration.

Background: Surface topography and porosity of barrier membranes is suggested to impact the soft and hard tissue response. In this study, the specific soft and hard tissue response characteristics of a synthetic polylactide membrane are evaluated including soft tissue inflammation, osteogenesis, and osteopromotion.

Methods: Analysis of porosity and surface topography of the test material was performed by scanning electron microscopy.

Clinical evaluation of single-stage advanced versus rotated flaps in the treatment of gingival recessions.

Background: Several procedures have been reported for the surgical correction of gingival recession (GR), including the laterally positioned flap (LPF) and the coronally advanced flap (CAF), performed as single- or two-stage procedures without or with, respectively, the preceding placement and healing of a free gingival graft. The objective of the present report was to compare the efficacy of single-stage LPF and CAF techniques in the treatment of localized maxillary GR defects.

Methods: Thirty-six patients, 10 men and 26 women, with average age of 34 + or - 9 years with Miller Class I GR defects were randomly assigned to be treated by either a CAF (n = 18) or LPF (n = 18).

Three-dimensional stress distribution in the human periodontal ligament in masticatory, parafunctional, and trauma loads: finite element analysis.

Background: The presence of the periodontal ligament (PDL) makes it possible to absorb and distribute loads produced during masticatory function and other tooth contacts into the alveolar process via the alveolar bone proper. However, several factors affect the integrity of periodontal structures causing the destruction of the connective matrix and cells, the loss of fibrous attachment, and the resorption of alveolar bone.

Methods: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stress distribution by finite element analysis in a PDL in three-dimensional models of the upper central incisor under three different load conditions: 100 N occlusal loading at 45 degrees (model 1: masticatory load); 500 N at the incisal edge at 45 degrees (model 2: parafunctional habit); and 800 N at the buccal surface at 90 degrees (model 3: trauma case).

Efficacy of combined regenerative treatments in human mandibular class II furcation defects.

Background: The treatment of molar furcation defects remains a considerable challenge in clinical practice. The degree of success in the management of furcation involvement is highly variable and inversely related to initial probing depth (PD) measurements in these lesions. The identification of clinical measurements influential to the treatment outcomes is critical to optimize the results of surgical periodontal therapy.

Efficacy of vascularized periosteal membranes in providing soft tissue closure at grafted human maxillary extraction sites.

Purpose: Soft tissue closure is mandatory for optimal healing of extraction sites treated via guided bone regeneration. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a flap design based on the extension of palatal tissues to obtain and maintain soft tissue coverage over grafted extraction sockets.

Materials And Methods: Adult patients (n = 22) with at least two teeth indicated for extraction were treated.

A quantitative evaluation of the spatial displacement of the gingival zenith in the maxillary anterior dentition.

Background: The appearance of gingival tissues plays an important role in the esthetics of the anterior maxillary region of the mouth. The gingival zenith (GZ) is defined as the most apical point of the marginal gingival scallop; however, its quantitative orientation in the apico-coronal (AC) and mesio-distal (MD) directions has not been reported. Thus, this study aimed to quantify the specific spatial displacement of the GZ in the maxillary anterior dentition.

Controlled release of fibroblast growth factor 2 stimulates bone healing in an animal model of diabetes mellitus.

Purpose: Bone formation and the healing of calvarial defects in mice is diminished in chemically induced type 1 diabetes. The present study investigated whether controlled local release of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) stimulates bone defect healing in this model of diabetes.

Materials And Methods: First, in vitro release kinetics of different doses of recombinant human FGF-2 (rhFGF-2) from polyglycolate:polylactide membranes was determined over a 14-day period by incubating loaded membranes in PBS with constant shaking.

Relationship between position of probe tip and periodontal tissues after periodontal surgery in dogs.

The aim of this study was to investigate postsurgical periodontal probe penetration by using clinical information and histometric data. Thirty-eight three-walled defects were created in four dogs, then maintained for 3 months. Subsequently, 26 defects were subjected to periodontal surgery (surgical group), while 12 defects served as controls.

Morphometric analysis of the furcation anatomy of mandibular molars.

Background: Successful treatment of molar furcation defects remains a challenge in clinical practice. Knowledge of anatomic factors facilitates predictable management of furcation involvement lesions. The degree of success in managing furcation involvement is inversely related to the horizontal probing depth.