Attachment strength and on-farm die-off rate of Escherichia coli on watermelon surfaces.

Pre-harvest contamination of produce has been a major food safety focus. Insight into the behavior of enteric pathogens on produce in pre-harvest conditions will aid in developing pre-harvest and post-harvest risk management strategies. In this study, the attachment strength (SR) and die-off rate of E.

The utilitarian upper eyelid operation.

Techniques in oculofacial surgery continue to develop as our understanding of anatomy and pathophysiology continue to evolve. While the centerpiece of the quest to rejuvenate the upper eyelid and brow has for years been the upper blepharoplasty, several modifications to traditional techniques have been developed that allow for enhanced outcomes utilizing less invasive approaches. Techniques discussed include removal of lower lid lateral fat via the upper blepharoplasty, a minimally invasive resuspension lateral canthoplasty performed via the upper eyelid exposure, brassiere lateral brow contouring closure, and correction of lower lid retraction by an "en-glove" technique.