Evaluation of a wearable fabric-based sensor for accurate sodium determination in sweat during exercise.

Introduction: Newly developed wearable fabric sensors (WFS) can increase the ease and accuracy of sweat sodium measurements by performing simultaneous sampling and analysis on the body during exercise.

Purpose: Determine the accuracy of a WFS for measurement of sodium concentration in sweat.

Methods: Subjects wore a WFS prototype and sweat collectors on their forearm during cycle ergometry.

Differential in Maximal Aerobic Capacity by Sex in Collegiate Endurance Athletes Consuming a Marginally Low Carbohydrate Diet.

Purpose: Although current sports nutrition recommendations advocate for a high carbohydrate (CHO) intake among endurance athletes, recent research has suggested that training with low CHO availability may augment adaptations to aerobic training. The purpose of this study was to observe the dietary habits of collegiate distance runners and to investigate the effects of habitual CHO intake on aerobic performance [VO(post)] during a competitive season.

Methods: During an 8-week trial period, 12 (N = 12) collegiate track athletes recorded their self-selected dietary intake via 24-hour recall.

A comparison of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, air displacement plethysmography and A-mode ultrasound to assess body composition in college-age adults.

Background: There is currently a dearth of scientific literature exploring the agreement of A-mode ultrasound (US) body composition analysis with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and air displacement plethysmography (ADP).

Objective: To investigate the agreement of US with DXA and ADP for estimating fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM).

Methods: College-age men (n = 33) and women (n = 41) volunteered to participate in this study.

Seven-site versus three-site method of body composition using BodyMetrix ultrasound compared to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

Unlabelled: Obesity is a steadily growing epidemic affecting all segments of the population including college-aged students. The weight gain that is evidenced amid the transitional stage of college years increases the risks associated with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The BodyMetrix® BX-2000 (ULTRA) using a seven-site method has been evaluated against dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for estimation of body composition, which has yielded conflicting results.

RMR Estimation Model Accuracy Using Air Displacement Plethysmography-Derived Body Composition Measures in Young Adults.

Objective: Predictive equations derived from regression techniques based on large samples are extensively utilized in estimating resting metabolic rate (RMR). Body composition assessments utilize model equations to estimate RMR. However, the agreement of these predictive models with indirect calorimetery (IC) has come into question.

Agreement between ultrasound and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in assessing percentage body fat in college-aged adults.

Background: The BodyMetrix(®) BX-2000 Ultrasound device (ULTRA) shows prowess in being an effective alternative to the expense and technicality of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). However, this technique has not been investigated using a seven-site methodology.

Subject/objective: To employ a cross-over design to investigate the agreement between ULTRA using a seven-site methodology and DXA in assessing body fat (%BF) in a normal-weight sample of college-age men and women.

Comparison of air-displacement plethysmography results using predicted and measured lung volumes over a protracted period of time.

Background: Air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) systems can either measure or predict lung volume (LV) in their test trials. The repeatability of the predicted and the measured value is an important factor in the accuracy of the final test result.

Objective: Compare the variability and accuracy of ADP tests using predicted and measured LV over a protracted period of time.

The influence of a Tabata interval training program using an aquatic underwater treadmill on various performance variables.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an 8-week aquatic treadmill running (ATM) Tabata interval-training program on various performance variables including body fat percentage, force production, flexibility, and anaerobic power. Totally, 25 participants (17 males and 8 females) were randomized into either a control group (CON), which only completed Pre- and Posttesting, or exercise group (EX), which took part in the 8-week ATM Tabata interval-training program. Pre- and Posttesting consisted of the following measurements: body fat percentage, flexibility, force production, and anaerobic power.

Validity of Borg Ratings of Perceived Exertion During Active Video Game Play.

During physically interactive video game play (e.g., Nintendo Wii), users are exposed to potential distracters (e.

Low-dose caffeine administered in chewing gum does not enhance cycling to exhaustion.

Low-dose caffeine administered in chewing gum does not enhance cycling to exhaustion. The purpose of the current investigation was to examine the effect of low-dose caffeine (CAF) administered in chewing gum at 3 different time points during submaximal cycling exercise to exhaustion. Eight college-aged (26 ± 4 years), physically active (45.

The effects of high- and low-dose aspirin on thermoregulation during and after acute cold exposure.

Objective: To explore the effect of aspirin on the thermoregulatory responses of men during exposure to 12°C air (acute cold exposure) for a period of 120 minutes and recovery in 25°C air (rewarming) for 120 minutes.

Methods: Seven male subjects (26.1 ± 2.

College students' perceptions and experiences with health insurance.

Objectives: Most research on perceptions of health insurance has examined gender- and race-based differences across sections of the adult population. This is the first study to examine differences based on demographic characteristics of undergraduate college students' coverage and perceptions of health insurance.

Methods: The participants were undergraduates at 12 of the 13 public universities in Ohio.

Catecholamine levels in hypoxia-lnduced acute mountain sickness.

Unlabelled: Enhanced sympathoadrenal activity has been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute mountain sickness (AMS). This study was designed to examine the time course of circulating catecholamines in individuals with and without AMS.

Methods: Subjects were low-altitude residents (10 men, 8 women) who had not been exposed to altitude within the previous 2 mo.

The effects of nicotine on the metabolic and hormonal responses during acute cold exposure.

Objective: To examine the effects of nicotine on the metabolic and hormonal responses during acute cold exposure.

Methods: Participants in this study included 6 men and 5 women between the ages of 19 and 25 years. Each subject performed 2 cold-air trials (CATs) consisting of a 30-minute baseline (BASE) period and a 120-minute exposure to 10 degree C air.

The effect of cold exposure on the hormonal and metabolic responses to sleep deprivation.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 12 degrees C cold exposure for 180-minutes on the hormonal responses of sleep-deprived individuals.

Methods: Participants underwent 2 cold-air trials: 1 after a normal night of sleep (ie, 6-8 hours) and 1 after 33 hours of sleep deprivation (SDEP). A venous blood sample was taken at baseline and then at 90-and 180-minute cold-exposure time points.

Age effects on thermal, metabolic, and perceptual responses to acute cold exposure.

Introduction: Thermoregulatory accidents rank as the sixth leading cause of death among older adults. Therefore, there is an urgency to clarify the influence of age on thermoregulation. This investigation sought to evaluate the influence of age on the thermal, metabolic, and perceptual responses of healthy, physically active, old (OLD) and young (YNG) men during exposure to 12, 18, and 27 degrees C for 120 min.

The rate of absorption and relative bioavailability of caffeine administered in chewing gum versus capsules to normal healthy volunteers.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rate of absorption and relative bioavailability of caffeine from a Stay Alert chewing gum and capsule formulation.

Methods: This was a double blind, parallel, randomized, seven treatment study. The treatment groups were: 50, 100, and 200 mg gum, 50, 100, and 200 mg capsule, and a placebo.